Use of crushed bark of Picea abies as a soil conditioner in organic spring wheat production

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elina Nurmi ◽  
Päivi Kurki ◽  
Iina Haikarainen ◽  
Riitta Savikurki ◽  
Janne Kaseva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Picea Abies ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Plant Production ◽  
First Year ◽  
Severe Drought ◽  
Soil Conditioner ◽  
Positive Effects

<p>Adding organic matter in the soil is especially important for organic agriculture, which relies on good soil health for plant production. Crushed bark (CB) of Picea abies (L.) Karsten is a forestry by-product, which has been developed into a new soil conditioner for organic farming. It contains up to 80 % organic matter with C/N ratio of 78 and pH 5.7-6.0, but is rather nutrient poor.</p><p>Organic field experiments on loamy sand with moderate soil fertility took place in Mikkeli, Finland in 2017-2018 in order to test the substance. The fertilization was based on commercial organic fertilizers: chicken manure and blood meal fertilizer in the first year and meat and bone meal fertilizer in the second one. The treatments were control (only fertilization) and one- or two-year applications of CB (40 t ha<sup>-1</sup>) with or without base ash (4 t ha<sup>-1</sup>). Other half of plots were left without substances in 2018.</p><p>No differences between treatments were observed without the base ash in any of years. A one-year application of crushed bark with base ash increased both spring wheat yield quantity and quality. The statistically significant effects were found for yield, N uptake, grain protein content, 1000-seed weight and hectolitre weight compared to control in 2018, a year after application. Despite the severe drought during that growing season, the wheat yields for CB with base ash and control were 3100 kg ha<sup>-1</sup> and 2250 kg ha<sup>-1</sup>, respectively. The positive effects of soil amendments were not as clear in the first year as in the following. No benefits were visible after two-year successive application of CB either alone or with base ash. Spruce CB in addition with base ash may be beneficial in terms of yield and quality when it is applied only once in large amounts. In our study the effects were overall greater in the following year after the application.</p>

scholarly journals Efficiency of application of granulated organic fertilizers based on chicken manure in the cultivation of spring wheat

2020 ◽  
Vol 548 ◽  
pp. 022018
Author(s):  
S A Zamyatin ◽  
R B Maksimova ◽  
R I Zolotareva ◽  
E Yu Udalova ◽  
V A Maksimov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Chicken Manure

scholarly journals Chicken manure as soil amendment: Effect on yield and foliar nutrient content of tanier, and on chemical properties of the soil.

1969 ◽  
Vol 95 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 211-221
Author(s):  
Agenol González-Vélez
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Low Fertility ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
First Year ◽  
Manure Application ◽  
Foliar Nutrient ◽  
Second Year ◽  
Effect On Yield

During two consecutive years, chicken manure effects on yield and foliar nutrient content of tanier, and on chemical properties of the soil were evaluated. Treatments were 0, 25 and 50 t/ha of chicken manure incorporated into the soil prior to planting the first year. No significant differences in yield were found among the chicken manure treatments. This lack of differences was attributed to the high coefficient of variation found in the experiment. Nevertheless, with the application of 25 t/ha we observed a 17% and 122% increase in yield on the first and second year of the experiment, respectively, compared to yield in the check treatment. This increase in yield could be related to the ample benefit of applied organic matter, especially in low fertility soil. Only foliar nitrogen content showed a significant increase with the chicken manure application in both years, whereas potassium content increased with manure application during the second year. The application of chicken manure caused an increase of organic matter, electric conductivity and N, P, K and Mg content in the soil during the first year.

scholarly journals Residual effect of cattle manure application on green ear yield and corn grain yield

2006 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 166-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulo Sérgio L e Silva ◽  
Jaeveson da Silva ◽  
Fábio Henrique T de Oliveira ◽  
Ana Karenina F de Sousa ◽  
Gustavo P Duda
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Residual Effect ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Residual Effects ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Corn Yield ◽  
Positive Effects

The present concern about environmental degradation has produced a renewed interest in organic fertilizers, such as animal manures. In addition, the soil organic matter conservation is one of the most important limiting factors for sustainability development in semiarid regions. In a previous experiment, carried out to evaluate the direct effects of application of manure rates in corn, positive effects of this fertilization were observed on green ear yield and grain yield. It was also verified that manure increased water retention and availability, and phosphorus, potassium, and sodium contents in the soil layer from 0-20 cm, but did not influence pH, calcium, organic matter contents and the sum of bases. The objective of this work was to evaluate the residual effect of applied fertilization on green ear yield and grain yield in cultivars AG 9012 and AG 4051. In both cultivars, a lack of manure residual effects was verified on total number and weight of green ears; number and weight of marketable ears, either unhusked or husked; plant height and ear height; fresh and dry matter in the above-ground part; and grain yield and its components. Cultivar AG 9012 performed best with regard to characteristics employed to evaluate green corn yield, and cultivar AG 4051 was superior with reference to plant height and 100-grain weight. The cultivars were not different with respect to the other traits evaluated.

Short-term response to vermicompost amendment of chemical and biochemical properties of soil under greenhouse farming

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Paolo Coppola ◽  
Giuseppe Di Rauso Simeone ◽  
Francesco Vairo ◽  
Michele Caputo ◽  
Carmine Amalfitano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Respiration ◽  
Soil Quality ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Organic Soil ◽  
Biochemical Properties ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Soil Conditioner ◽  
C Stock

<p>Intensive cultivation of greenhouse crops can damage soil quality due to higher micro-environmental temperatures than field crop production, the absence of rotations, the preference of milling to ploughing, the mineral fertilization and the removal of crop residues without the organic matter reintegration. The compost addition to agricultural soil mainly enhances the organic matter content having, in turns, effects in improving physical, chemical, biochemical and microbiological soil properties, preventing erosion, increasing water holding capacity, cation exchange capacity, nutrient absorption by plants. Further a progressive carbon sequestration in soil with the consequent mitigation of climate changes occurs whereas the non-use of organic fertilizers produces a loss in C stock in soil as carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. The degradation of soil quality is reflecting on the crop yields of the ready-to-eat food of the Plain of Sele river in Campania region in South Italy.</p><p>Objectives of this research was to assess the short-term effect of vermicompost as organic soil conditioner in place of other organic fertilizers under conventional farming. Vermicompost derived from digestate obtained in anaerobic digestion plant of the Plain of Sele using, as ingestate, livestock sewage, olive mill wastewater and whey from dairy industry. Soil solarization was carried out during the summer to control weeds and soil pathogens. The chemical and biochemical properties of soils sampled after 4 days from soil amendment were investigated to determine the correlation between the use of vermicompost as organic soil conditioner and C stock, nutrient availability, and crop yields. Solarization negatively affected soil respiration and overall enzymatic activities compared to plots without the treatment. Vermicompost as well as pellet, used as other organic soil conditioner, increased soil respiration only in not solarized plots. Conversely no significant changes in term of microbial biomass carbon among treatments occurred. Different responses in terms of crop yields of rocket were observed in plots cultivated under diverse treatment: solarized plots produced greater amount of rocket than not solarized plots and plot amended with vermicompost showed the best performance among solarized ones.</p><p>This work was part of the project “Sustainable management of soil fertility in the Sele Plain to produce ready-to-eat food as cover crops through organic amendment deriving from local livestock sector” funded by PSR Campania 2014/2020.</p>

scholarly journals Uptake and Utilization of Nitrogen from Organic Fertilizers Influenced by Different Doses of Copper

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1219
Author(s):  
Beata Kuziemska ◽  
Joanna Trębicka ◽  
Andrzej Wysokinski
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Content ◽  
Nitrogen Utilization ◽  
Cattle Manure ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
First Year ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Good Utilization ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Dactylis Glomerata L

Copper is a microelement involved in the metabolism of nitrogen compounds in plants. Good utilization of nitrogen from soil and fertilizers by plants requires an adequate supply of copper. The aim of the study was to determine the effect of increasing levels of copper (100, 200, and 300 mg Cu·kg−1 of soil) applied together with various organic fertilizers (cattle manure, chicken manure, and spent mushroom substrate) on nitrogen content and uptake by cocksfoot (Dactylis glomerata L.) and the coefficient of nitrogen utilization from organic fertilizers. The pot experiment was carried out in three growing seasons (May–September) in greenhouse, and in this cocksfoot was grown and harvested four cuts in each year. Copper and organic fertilizers were applied once in the first year before sowing cocksfoot, and the after-effect was investigated in the second and third years. Application of different amounts of copper did not influence the nitrogen content in the biomass of cocksfoot. At the same time, soil application of this micronutrient in the amount of 100 mg Cu∙kg−1 of soil caused an increase in nitrogen uptake in the biomass of cocksfoot. Application of 100 and 200 mg Cu·kg−1 of soil caused an increase in the coefficient of nitrogen utilization from the organic fertilizers, which was highest effect in the case of cattle manure. All of the organic materials used increased the content of nitrogen and its uptake by cocksfoot, but the greatest effect was noted following application of chicken manure. The study showed no synergistic or antagonistic relationships between copper and nitrogen.

scholarly journals Crisphead lettuce under influence of soil conditioner, organic fertilizers and liming

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 274
Author(s):  
Edilene Carvalho Santos Marchi ◽  
Giuliano Marchi ◽  
Carlos Alberto Silva ◽  
Marco Antônio Rezende Alvarenga
Keyword(s):  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Soil Conditioner ◽  
Iceberg Lettuce ◽  
Weight Yield ◽  
Minas Gerais State ◽  
Lettuce Growth ◽  
Soil Conditioners

Lettuce is considered the main leafy vegetable crop in Brazil. High amounts of mineral and organic fertilizers are applied to soils during lettuce growth. There is a need of data concerning the effect of organic fertilizers and liming, including soil conditioners. Few studies were carried out verifying effects of soil conditioners, organic fertilizers and liming on lettuce production. The aim of this work was to test a soil conditioner composed of humic material, organic fertilizers and liming on “iceberg” lettuce production. The experiment was conducted at Federal University of Lavras, Minas Gerais State, Brazil, from March to July, in greenhouse conditions. The experimental design was completely randomized in a factorial scheme 5x3x2. Five doses of soil conditioner (0, 20, 40, 100, 200 L ha-1), 3 types of fertilizers (organic compost, chicken manure and mineral), with or without liming were studied.  Fresh and dried biomass, commercial fresh and dried biomass, plants height, circumference of lettuce head, number of leaves, and dried root weight yield were evaluated. Chicken manure rendered the higher lettuce shoot commercial fresh weight and circumference than the other evaluated fertilizers. In general the soil conditioner did not influence lettuce production. The use of liming was very important on lettuce production when mineral fertilizers were used.  

scholarly journals CHANGE IN FERTILITY INDICATORS OF GRAY FOREST SOIL AND CROP PRODUCTIVITY IN THE CROP ROTATION LINK WHEN APPLYING FERTILIZERS

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 59-65
Author(s):  
Rafil Shakirov ◽  
Zakirzhan Bikmuhametov ◽  
Fidail Hisamiev ◽  
Faik Safiollin
Keyword(s):  
Forest Soil ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Productivity Growth ◽  
Green Manure ◽  
Gray Forest Soil ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
First Year ◽  
Second Year

The purpose of the work is to study the effect and aftereffect of various types and rates of fertilizers on the change in the main fertility indicators of gray forest soil, as well as the productivity of the crop rotation link. The experiments were carried out in the grain-row unit (spring wheat - corn - spring wheat - peas) of a nine-field grain-herb-row crop rotation. The scheme of the experiment provided for the study of the following options: the calculated doses of mineral fertilizers for the formation of 4 t/ha of spring wheat grain, 40 t/ha of green mass of corn, 3 t/ha of pea grain, thermally treated granulated chicken manure in doses 1, 2, 3 t/ha, bedding manure in a dose equivalent to 3 t/ha of granulated droppings, buckwheat stubble green manure sown after harvesting winter rye. Under the influence of 1-2-3 t/ha of granulated chicken manure, the content of nitrogen (Nг) in the soil increased, compared with the control, by 73.1-81.1-112.0%, respectively, phosphorus (P2O5) - by 69.3- 79.8-91.3%, potassium (K2O) - by 90.3-140-188%; in the first year of aftereffect, Nг increased by 42.6-50.5-58.4%, P2O5- by 28.6-39.3-52.1%, K2O - by 56.1-84.8-170, 7%; in the second year of aftereffect Nг - by 13.1-21.3-44.0%, P2O5- by 40.1-51.2-74.4%, K2O - by 63.3-124.1-133.1 %. When manure was applied (42 t/ha), the amount of Nг, P2O5, K2O decreased, compared to 3 t/ha of granulated chicken manure, in the year of action, respectively, by 43.4, 19.0 and 42.2%, in the first year of aftereffect - by 16.6, 22.1, 48.1%. In the second year of the aftereffect, the values of these indicators when using manure and 3 t/ha of granulated chicken manure were equivalent. In the variant with the incorporation of buckwheat green manure, the content of mobile forms of macronutrients varied similarly to manure. Under the influence of 1, 2 and 3 t/ha of granulated chicken manure, the productivity of the crop rotation link increased, compared with the control, by 78.5, 104.3, 122.6%, respectively. The effect from the action and three years of aftereffect of 42 t/ha of manure was below the level of 3 t/ha of of granulated chicken manure by 12% (productivity growth 110.6%), buckwheat green manure - at the level of 1 t/ha of granulated chicken manure (productivity growth 80.6%) ... Depending on the type and norms of fertilizers, the profitability of production was 54 ... 196%

scholarly journals Response of sunflower to organic and chemical fertilizers in different drought stress conditions

2018 ◽  
Vol 111 (2) ◽  
pp. 271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aydin KHODAEI-JOGHAN ◽  
Majid GHOLAMHOSEINI ◽  
Majid AGHA-ALIKHANI ◽  
Farhad HABIBZADEH ◽  
Ali SOROOSHZADEH ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Severe Drought ◽  
Chemical Fertilizers

<p>The main objectives of this research were to determine the effects of applying organic and chemical fertilizers under different irrigation regimes on sunflower (<em>Helianthus annuus</em> L.) morphological traits, yield components, grain yield and grain quality. The experiment was conducted as spilt plots based on a randomized complete block design with three replicates. Irrigation treatments at three levels (well-irrigated, mild and severe drought stress) were allocated to main plots and eight fertilizer treatments (urea (F1), urea + composted cattle manure (F2), zeocompost (F3), vermicompost (F4), zeolite-amended chicken manure (Z-ACM) (F5), zeocompost + vermicompost (F6), zeocompost + Z-ACM (F7) and vermicompost + Z-ACM (F8)) were randomized in sub-plots. The results showed that irrespective of the drought stress intensity, organic fertilizer treatments produced more dry matter, heavier and greater grain than did chemical treatments. In well-irrigated plots, the highest grain yield was obtained from F6, F7 and F8 treatments. Under drought stress conditions, the highest grain yield was obtained from the high zeolite content organic fertilizers i.e. F3, F5 and F7. We concluded that amending soil with organic fertilizers in combination with zeolite<em> </em>can be a beneficial approach for decreasing chemical fertilizer application rates and improving the sustainability of agricultural systems.</p>

scholarly journals Compost and Sewage Sludge for the Improvement of Soil Chemical and Biological Quality of Mediterranean Agroecosystems

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 26
Author(s):  
Enrica Picariello ◽  
Luca Pucci ◽  
Maurizio Carotenuto ◽  
Giovanni Libralato ◽  
Giusy Lofrano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Microbial Community ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Soil Amendment ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Biological Quality

Conventional fertilization practices in agroecosystems concern the supply of bioavailable nutrients, such as mineral fertilizers. A consolidated alternative to restoring the long-term fertility of agricultural soils is their amendment with organic fertilizers. Soil amendment with biowaste compost or sewage sludge represents a sustainable strategy to avoid the landfilling of organic matter derived from urban waste and sewage sludge. This study aims at validating the use of quality biowaste compost and sewage sludge from secondary sedimentation (alone or in combination with mineral fertilizers) in a Mediterranean agroecosystem and their effects on soil chemical and biological quality, with a view to verifying the maintenance of soil fertility and functionality. In particular, the dynamics of soil organic matter, pH, potentially toxic elements and microbial community functionality were assessed, in experimental mesocosms, during 6 months of incubation. The research showed that, while soil amendment with biowaste compost induces positive effects on soil organic matter and phosphorous concentrations, as well as on microbial community functionality, the amendment with the selected sewage sludge does not determine any benefit to the microbial community or any danger in relation to soil potentially toxic element concentrations and toxicity. The quantity of sewage sludge employed, chosen according to regional directives, was thus not enough to stimulate the edaphic microflora activity.

scholarly journals Respon pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman kedelai (Glycine max L.) pada berbagai dosis dan jenis pupuk organik

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
Nur Zahrotun ◽  
Yafizham Yafizham ◽  
Eny Fuskhah
Keyword(s):  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Plant Production ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Soybean Plant ◽  
Cow Manure ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Glycine Max L ◽  
Goat Manure

ABSTRAK  Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengkaji pengaruh interaksi antara dosis dan berbagai jenis pupuk organik terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman kedelai. Penelitian telah dilaksanakan pada bulan Mei – Agustus 2017 di Lahan Percobaan dan Laboratorium Ekologi dan Produksi Tanaman, Fakultas Peternakan dan Pertanian, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang. Penelitianmenggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) Faktorial 2 x 5 dengan 3 ulangan. Faktor pertama adalah dosis pupuk yaitu D1 : 50 kg P/ha dan D2 : 100 kg P/ha. Faktor kedua adalah jenis pupuk yaitu J0 : SP-36, J1 : bioslurry, J2 : kotoran sapi, J3 : kotoran kambing dan J4 : kotoran ayam. Parameter yang diamati adalah tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, jumlah polong total dan bobot 100 biji. Data dianalisis menggunakan analisis ragam dan apabila terdapat pengaruh nyata dilanjutkan dengan Uji Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) taraf 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jenis pupuk kotoran kambing mampu meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman kedelai paling tinggi dibandingkan dengan pupuk kotoran ayam, kotoran sapi, bioslurry dan SP-36 dengan dosis pupuk 50 kg P/ha. Kata kunci : kedelai, pupuk organik, pupuk SP-36.ABSTRACT The research aimed was to study the interaction between dosages and kinds of organic fertilizer on growth and yield of soybean. The research was conducted in May - August 2017 at Experimental Field and Ecology and Plant Production Laboratory, Faculty of Animal and Agriculture, Diponegoro University, Semarang. The research design used completely randomized design with factorial design 2 x 5 with 3 replications. The first factor were organic fertilizer dosages D1 : 50 kg P/ha and D2 : 100 kg P/ha. The second factors were kind of organic fertilizers J0 : SP-36, J1 : bioslurry, J2 : cow manure, J3 : goat manure, and J4 : chicken manure. The parameters observed were plant height, number of leaves, total number of pod, and 100 seeds weight. Data analyzed using analysis of variance and using Duncan Multiple Ranged Test on alpha 5%. The result showed that the goat manure fertilizer can increase the growth and production of soybean plant is highest compared with chicken manure, cow manure, bioslurry and SP-36 with dosage of 50 kg P/ha. Keywords : soybean, organic fertilizer, fertilizer SP-36.

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