scholarly journals Urban surface water flood modelling – a comprehensive review of current models and future challenges

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaihua Guo ◽  
Mingfu Guan ◽  
Dapeng Yu
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Scale Effects ◽  
Water Flooding ◽  
Urban Surface ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Intense Rainfall ◽  
Urban Flood ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Flood Modelling

Abstract. Urbanisation is an irreversible trend as a result of social and economic development. Urban areas, with high concentration of population, key infrastructure, and businesses are extremely vulnerable to flooding and may suffer severe socio-economic losses due to climate change. Urban flood modelling tools are in demand to predict surface water inundation caused by intense rainfall and to manage associated flood risks in urban areas. These tools have been rapidly developing in recent decades. In this study, we present a comprehensive review of the advanced urban flood models and emerging approaches for predicting urban surface water flooding driven by intense rainfall. The study explores the advantages and limitations of existing model types, highlights the most recent advances and identifies major challenges. Issues of model complexities, scale effects, and computational efficiency are also analysed. The results will inform scientists, engineers, and decision-makers of the latest developments and guide the model selection based on desired objectives.

scholarly journals Urban surface water flood modelling – a comprehensive review of current models and future challenges

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 2843-2860
Author(s):  
Kaihua Guo ◽  
Mingfu Guan ◽  
Dapeng Yu
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Scale Effects ◽  
Water Flooding ◽  
Urban Surface ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Intense Rainfall ◽  
Urban Flood ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Flood Modelling

Abstract. Urbanisation is an irreversible trend as a result of social and economic development. Urban areas, with high concentration of population, key infrastructure, and businesses, are extremely vulnerable to flooding and may suffer severe socio-economic losses due to climate change. Urban flood modelling tools are in demand to predict surface water inundation caused by intense rainfall and to manage associated flood risks in urban areas. These tools have been rapidly developing in recent decades. In this study, we present a comprehensive review of the advanced urban flood models and emerging approaches for predicting urban surface water flooding driven by intense rainfall. The study explores the advantages and limitations of existing model types, highlights the most recent advances, and identifies major challenges. Issues of model complexities, scale effects, and computational efficiency are also analysed. The results will inform scientists, engineers, and decision-makers of the latest developments and guide the model selection based on desired objectives.

scholarly journals Predicting Accurate Urban Flooding from Nuisance Flows to Major Disasters

10.29007/81mt ◽  
2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noemi Gonzalez-Ramirez ◽  
Fernando Nardi ◽  
James S. O'Brien
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Flood Hazard ◽  
Water Flooding ◽  
System Capacity ◽  
Urban Flooding ◽  
Urban Flood ◽  
Building Roof ◽  
Building Collapse ◽  
Storm Drain

Two-dimensional flood models are becoming increasing more accurate in simulating surface water flooding. Concurrently flood hazard maps have higher resolution to support flood mitigation planning. Most flood studies focus on large river flooding (~ 100-yr flood), but in urban areas, emergency access and evacuation routes are needed for frequent rainfall and flood events (< 10-yr return periods). Urban flooding is more complex than river margin flooding and requires significantly more model detail to accurate access risk and hazard for frequent storms. Urban flooding is an event characterized by its frequent repetitive and systematic impact on population and urban infrastructure. Detailed urban flood inundation is now being performed with spatially and temporally variable rainfall and infiltration, channel and street flow, hydraulic structures, surface water storm drain exchange, building loss of storage and flow obstruction, building collapse, levee/wall overtopping and collapse, groundwater flow, sediment scour/deposition and mudflows. In residential neighborhoods, shallow flooding is controlled by streets, buildings, walls and storm drain facilities. Several flood model details and their impact on shallow flooding are discussed including spatially variable storm intensities on pervious and impervious surfaces, surface water exchange with limited storm drain system capacity, and building roof runoff. Several predictive strategies are highlighted to simulate flooding from nuisance flows to major disasters.

scholarly journals Is green infrastructure a viable strategy for managing urban surface water flooding?

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (7) ◽  
pp. 598-608 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. L. Webber ◽  
T. D. Fletcher ◽  
L. Cunningham ◽  
G. Fu ◽  
D. Butler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Green Infrastructure ◽  
Water Flooding ◽  
Urban Surface

scholarly journals MOGREPS-UK Convection-Permitting Ensemble Products for Surface Water Flood Forecasting: Rationale and First Results

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 1383-1406 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian Golding ◽  
Nigel Roberts ◽  
Giovanni Leoncini ◽  
Ken Mylne ◽  
Richard Swinbank
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Flood Damage ◽  
Water Flooding ◽  
Direct Result ◽  
Ensemble Prediction ◽  
Intense Rainfall ◽  
Flood Prediction ◽  
Ensemble Prediction System ◽  
Small Areas ◽  
First Results

ABSTRACT Flooding is one of the costliest hazards in the United Kingdom. A large part of the annual flood damage is caused by surface water flooding that is a direct result of intense rainfall. Traditional catchment-based approaches to flood prediction are not applicable for surface water floods. However, given sufficiently accurate forecasts of rainfall intensity, with sufficient lead time, actions can be taken to reduce their impact. These actions require reliable information about severity and areas at risk that is clear and easily interpreted. The accuracy requirements, in particular, are very challenging, as they relate to prediction of intensities that occur only infrequently and that typically affect only small areas. In this paper, forecasts of intense rainfall from a new convection-permitting ensemble prediction system are evaluated using radar observations of intense rain and surface water flooding reports. An urban flooding case that occurred in Edinburgh in 2011 is first investigated and then a broader look is taken at performance through a 3-month period during the London Olympic and Paralympic Games in 2012. Conclusions are drawn about the value of the ensemble and the particular means of presenting the forecasts, and areas requiring further work are highlighted.

Flood analysis in mixed-urban areas reflecting interactions with the complete water cycle through coupled hydrologic-hydraulic modelling

2010 ◽  
Vol 62 (6) ◽  
pp. 1386-1392 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. D. Sto. Domingo ◽  
A. Refsgaard ◽  
O. Mark ◽  
B. Paludan
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Overland Flow ◽  
Computer Modelling ◽  
Water Cycle ◽  
New Method ◽  
Urban Flood ◽  
Flood Modelling ◽  
Essential Components ◽  
Flood Analysis ◽  
Urban Flood Modelling

The potential devastating effects of urban flooding have given high importance to thorough understanding and management of water movement within catchments, and computer modelling tools have found widespread use for this purpose. The state-of-the-art in urban flood modelling is the use of a coupled 1D pipe and 2D overland flow model to simultaneously represent pipe and surface flows. This method has been found to be accurate for highly paved areas, but inappropriate when land hydrology is important. The objectives of this study are to introduce a new urban flood modelling procedure that is able to reflect system interactions with hydrology, verify that the new procedure operates well, and underline the importance of considering the complete water cycle in urban flood analysis. A physically-based and distributed hydrological model was linked to a drainage network model for urban flood analysis, and the essential components and concepts used were described in this study. The procedure was then applied to a catchment previously modelled with the traditional 1D-2D procedure to determine if the new method performs similarly well. Then, results from applying the new method in a mixed-urban area were analyzed to determine how important hydrologic contributions are to flooding in the area.

scholarly journals Evaluating scale and roughness effects in urban flood modelling using terrestrial LIDAR data

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 5903-5942 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Ozdemir ◽  
C. C. Sampson ◽  
G. A. M. de Almeida ◽  
P. D. Bates
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Water Depth ◽  
Arrival Time ◽  
Surface Friction ◽  
Lidar Data ◽  
Urban Flood ◽  
Terrestrial Lidar ◽  
Flood Modelling ◽  
Depth Extent ◽  
Urban Flood Modelling

Abstract. This paper evaluates the results of benchmark testing a new inertial formulation of the de St. Venant equations, implemented within the LISFLOOD-FP hydraulic model, using different high resolution terrestrial LiDAR data (10 cm, 50 cm and 1 m) and roughness conditions (distributed and composite) in an urban area. To examine these effects, the model is applied to a hypothetical flooding scenario in Alcester, UK, which experienced surface water flooding during summer 2007. The sensitivities of simulated water depth, extent, arrival time and velocity to grid resolutions and different roughness conditions are analysed. The results indicate that increasing the terrain resolution from 1 m to 10 cm significantly affects modelled water depth, extent, arrival time and velocity. This is because hydraulically relevant small scale topography that is accurately captured by the terrestrial LIDAR system, such as road cambers and street kerbs, is better represented on the higher resolution DEM. It is shown that altering surface friction values within a wide range has only a limited effect and is not sufficient to recover the results of the 10 cm simulation at 1 m resolution. Alternating between a uniform composite surface friction value (n = 0.013) or a variable distributed value based on land use has a greater effect on flow velocities and arrival times than on water depths and inundation extent. We conclude that the use of extra detail inherent in terrestrial laser scanning data compared to airborne sensors will be advantageous for urban flood modelling related to surface water, risk analysis and planning for Sustainable Urban Drainage Systems (SUDS) to attenuate flow.

The management of urban surface water flood risks: SUDS performance in flood reduction from extreme events

2013 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Viavattene ◽  
J. B. Ellis
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Overland Flow ◽  
Water Flooding ◽  
Urban Surface ◽  
Management Approach ◽  
Storm Event ◽  
Urban Drainage ◽  
Performance Effectiveness ◽  
Flood Risks ◽  
Related Risk

The need to improve the urban drainage network to meet recent urban growth and the redevelopment of old industrial and commercial areas provides an opportunity for managing urban surface water infrastructure in a more sustainable way. The use of sustainable urban drainage systems (SUDS) can reduce urban surface water flooding as well as the pollution impact of urban discharges on receiving waters. However, these techniques are not yet well known by many stakeholders involved in the decision-making process, or at least the evidence of their performance effectiveness may be doubted compared with more traditional engineering solutions often promoted by existing 1D/2D drainage models. The use of geographic information systems (GIS) in facilitating the inter-related risk analysis of sewer surface water overflows and urban flooding as well as in better communication with stakeholders is demonstrated in this paper. An innovative coupled 1D/2D urban sewer/overland flow model has been developed and tested in conjunction with a SUDS selection and location tool (SUDSLOC) to enable a robust management approach to surface water flood risks and to improve the resilience of the urban drainage infrastructure. The paper demonstrates the numerical and modelling basis of the integrated 1D/2D and SUDSLOC approach and the working assumptions and flexibility of the application together with some limitations and uncertainties. The role of the SUDSLOC modelling component in quantifying flow, and surcharge reduction benefits arising from the strategic selection and location of differing SUDS controls are also demonstrated for an extreme storm event scenario.

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