Differential Diagnosis between Apraxia and Dysarthria Based on Acoustic Analysis

2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 495-504 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia Melle ◽  
Carlos Gallego
Keyword(s):  
Motor Control ◽  
Acoustic Analysis ◽  
Normal Population ◽  
Motor Planning ◽  
Speech Disorders ◽  
Normative Values ◽  
Apraxia Of Speech ◽  
Acoustic Parameters ◽  
Sensorimotor Processing ◽  
Planning Processes

Acoustic analysis provides objective quantitative measures of speech that enable a comprehensive and accurate understanding of motor disorders and complement the traditional measures. This paper aims to distinguish between normal and pathological speech, more specifically between apraxia of speech and spastic dysarthria in native Spanish speaking patients using acoustic parameters. Participants (4 aphasic with apraxia of speech, 4 with spastic dysarthria, and 15 without speech disorders) performed three different tasks: repeating the syllable sequence [pa-ta-ka], repeating the isolated syllable [pa] and repeating the vowel sequence [i-u]. The results showed that the normative values of motor control, in general, coincide with those obtained in previous research on native English speakers. They also show that damage to motor control processes results in a decrease in the rate of alternating and sequential movements and an increase in the inter-syllabic time for both types of movements. A subset of the acoustic parameters analyzed, those that measure motor planning processes, enable differentiation between normal population and apraxic and dysarthric patients, and between the latter. The differences between the pathological groups support the distinction between motor planning and motor programming as described by van der Merwe's model of sensorimotor processing (1997).

scholarly journals Speech Rhythm Variation in Early-Stage Parkinson's Disease: A Study on Different Speaking Tasks

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Maffia ◽  
Rosa De Micco ◽  
Massimo Pettorino ◽  
Mattia Siciliano ◽  
Alessandro Tessitore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Acoustic Analysis ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Speech Disorders ◽  
Acoustic Parameters ◽  
Speech Rhythm ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Effect Of Pd ◽  
Vowel Onset Points

Patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) usually reveal speech disorders and, among other symptoms, the alteration of speech rhythm. The purpose of this study is twofold: (1) to test the validity of two acoustic parameters—%V, vowel percentage and VtoV, the mean interval between two consecutive vowel onset points—for the identification of rhythm variation in early-stage PD speech and (2) to analyze the effect of PD on speech rhythm in two different speaking tasks: reading passage and monolog. A group of 20 patients with early-stage PD was involved in this study and compared with 20 age- and sex-matched healthy controls (HCs). The results of the acoustic analysis confirmed that %V is a useful cue for early-stage PD speech characterization, having significantly higher values in the production of patients with PD than the values in HC speech. A simple speaking task, such as the reading task, was found to be more effective than spontaneous speech in the detection of rhythmic variations.

scholarly journals Atraso motor de fala não especificado: revisão integrativa

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. e2249108480
Author(s):  
Gabriela Brum dos Santos ◽  
Marileda Barichello Gubiani ◽  
Leticia Arruda Nóro ◽  
Helena Bolli Mota
Keyword(s):  
Motor Control ◽  
Speech Sound ◽  
Speech Disorders ◽  
Speech Motor Control ◽  
Apraxia Of Speech ◽  
Speech Sound Disorder ◽  
Childhood Apraxia Of Speech ◽  
Motor Speech ◽  
Motor Speech Disorders ◽  
Speech Motor

Objetivo: realizar uma revisão bibliográfica sobre o atraso motor de fala não especificado, como ele é avaliado e ainda como se diferencia de outras desordens motoras da fala. Estratégia de pesquisa: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura. Realizou-se a busca nas bases SciELO, PubMed, Medine e Scopus no mês de novembro de 2019. Para as quatro bases foram utilizados os seguintes construtos e descritores: “motor speech disorders” OR “childhood apraxia of speech” OR “childhood apraxia of speech cas” OR “developmental dyspraxia” OR “speech sound disorder” AND “speech motor control”, além da utilização de dois filtros: sujeitos até 18 anos e humanos. Critérios de seleção: Artigos publicados em português, inglês ou espanhol foram incluídos, sendo ou não de periódicos de acesso livre. Foram excluídos artigos que não estavam relacionados ao atraso motor de fala não especificado e estudos de revisão de literatura. Resultados: Foram encontrados56 artigos nas bases de dados, sendo 33 da base Scopus, 19 da PubMed, 3 da SciElo e 1 da Medline. Após análise e seleção pelos critérios de inclusão, foram selecionados 14 estudos. Posteriormente a leitura integral dos artigos, 8 estudos foram excluídos, pois não respondiam as perguntas norteadoras da pesquisa, obtendo-se um n de 6 estudos. Conclusão: Muitas crianças com atraso significativo na fala são diagnosticadas erroneamente, sendo o DMS-NOS a desordem de maior prevalência na infância.

A Phonomotor Approach to Apraxia of Speech Treatment

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 2109-2130
Author(s):  
Lauren Bislick
Keyword(s):  
Phase I ◽  
Treatment Effects ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Motor Planning ◽  
The Other ◽  
Multimodal Approach ◽  
Apraxia Of Speech ◽  
Duration Of Treatment ◽  
Treatment Gains ◽  
Future Work

Purpose This study continued Phase I investigation of a modified Phonomotor Treatment (PMT) Program on motor planning in two individuals with apraxia of speech (AOS) and aphasia and, with support from prior work, refined Phase I methodology for treatment intensity and duration, a measure of communicative participation, and the use of effect size benchmarks specific to AOS. Method A single-case experimental design with multiple baselines across behaviors and participants was used to examine acquisition, generalization, and maintenance of treatment effects 8–10 weeks posttreatment. Treatment was distributed 3 days a week, and duration of treatment was specific to each participant (criterion based). Experimental stimuli consisted of target sounds or clusters embedded nonwords and real words, specific to each participants' deficit. Results Findings show improved repetition accuracy for targets in trained nonwords, generalization to targets in untrained nonwords and real words, and maintenance of treatment effects at 10 weeks posttreatment for one participant and more variable outcomes for the other participant. Conclusions Results indicate that a modified version of PMT can promote generalization and maintenance of treatment gains for trained speech targets via a multimodal approach emphasizing repeated exposure and practice. While these results are promising, the frequent co-occurrence of AOS and aphasia warrants a treatment that addresses both motor planning and linguistic deficits. Thus, the application of traditional PMT with participant-specific modifications for AOS embedded into the treatment program may be a more effective approach. Future work will continue to examine and maximize improvements in motor planning, while also treating anomia in aphasia.

The Labeling Problem in Aphasia

1986 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 176-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Audrey L. Holland ◽  
Davida Fromm ◽  
Carol S. Swindell
Keyword(s):  
Speech Disorders ◽  
Case Description ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Apraxia Of Speech ◽  
Poor Agreement ◽  
Motor Speech ◽  
Motor Speech Disorders ◽  
Communication Difficulties ◽  
Token Test ◽  
Primary Problem

Twenty-five "experts" on neurogenic motor speech disorders participated in a tutorial exercise. Each was given information on M, a patient who had communication difficulties as the result of stroke, and asked to complete a questionnaire about his problem. The information included a detailed case description, an audiotape of M's speech obtained at 4, 9, 13, and 17 days post-stroke, and test results from the Western Aphasia Battery, the Token Test, and a battery for apraxia of speech. The experts were in excellent agreement on M's primary problem, although it was called by seven different names. The experts were in poor agreement on his secondary problem(s), e.g., the presence and type of aphasia and dysarthria. The results suggest that labeling is difficult, even for "experts." Furthermore, the practicing clinician needs to be sensitive to the likelihood of more than one coexisting problem.

scholarly journals Apraxia verbal: una patología multidimensional

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 49
Author(s):  
Natalia Melle Hernández
Keyword(s):  
Motor Control ◽  
Apraxia Of Speech

Acquired apraxia of speech is an alteration of the production of speech that results of a cerebral wound. In the last ten years it has enlarged the interest by the description and understanding of its nature. Therefore, different centered lines of study in several aspects have arisen. These are: the neuropathological bases, the processes cognitivo-motors and the verbal conducts of the apraxia of speech. This paper presents relevant concepts of neuroanatomy, psycholingüistic and motor control of speech models, and perceptual, acoustic and physiologic analyses of apraxia of speech.

scholarly journals Initial laryngeal neutralisation in Tyrolean

Phonology ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandro Vietti ◽  
Birgit Alber ◽  
Barbara Vogt
Keyword(s):  
Acoustic Analysis ◽  
Initial Position ◽  
Final Position ◽  
Acoustic Cues ◽  
Acoustic Parameters ◽  
Place Of Articulation ◽  
Closure Duration

In the Southern Bavarian variety of Tyrolean, laryngeal contrasts undergo a typologically interesting process of neutralisation in word-initial position. We undertake an acoustic analysis of Tyrolean stops in word-initial, word-medial intersonorant and word-final contexts, as well as in obstruent clusters, investigating the role of the acoustic parameters VOT, prevoicing, closure duration and F0 and H1–H2* on following vowels in implementing contrast, if any. Results show that stops contrast word-medially via [voice] (supported by the acoustic cues of closure duration and F0), and are neutralised completely in word-final position and in obstruent clusters. Word-initially, neutralisation is subject to inter- and intraspeaker variability, and is sensitive to place of articulation. Aspiration plays no role in implementing laryngeal contrasts in Tyrolean.

scholarly journals Acoustic voice assessment in Parkinson's disease patients submitted to posteroventral pallidotomy

2005 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucia Figueiredo Mourão ◽  
Patrícia Maria de Carvalho Aguiar ◽  
Fernando Antônio Patriani Ferraz ◽  
Mara Suzana Behlau ◽  
Henrique Ballalai Ferraz
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Postoperative Complications ◽  
Speech Disorders ◽  
Acoustic Parameters ◽  
Voice Assessment ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Posteroventral Pallidotomy

Long-term complications in levodopa treated Parkinson's disease (PD) patients caused a resurgence of interest in pallidotomy as an option of treatment. However, postoperative complications such as speech disorders can occur. PURPOSE: The aim of this study is to evaluate the acoustic voice in PD patients, before and after posteroventral pallidotomy. METHOD: Twelve patients with PD were submitted to neurological and voice assessments during the off and on phases, in the pre-operative, 1st and 3rd post-operative months. The patients were evaluated with the UPDRS and the vocal acoustic parameters - f0, NHR, jitter, PPQ, Shimmer, APQ (using the software MultiSpeech - Kay Elemetrics - 3700). RESULTS: The off phase UPDRS scores revealed a tendency to improvement at the 1st month and the off phase worsened. The shimmer and APQ improved. CONCLUSION: This study shows that pallidotomy has little improvement on functional use of communication of PD patients.

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