Important Stability Factors for Styrene-Butadiene Rubber

1960 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 510-527 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. A. Hunter ◽  
A. C. Nawakowski ◽  
R. R. Barnhart ◽  
E. M. Campbell ◽  
E. B. Hansen
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Oxidative Degradation ◽  
Styrene Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Gel Content ◽  
Polymer Stability ◽  
Heat Degradation ◽  
Mooney Viscosity ◽  
Styrene Butadiene ◽  
Acid Coagulation

Abstract (1) Styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) is very susceptible to oxidative degradation unless an effective stabilizing agent is incorporated in the polymer during manufacture. (2) Degradation of SBR appears as discoloration or resinification during drying of the polymer or during storage. Changes in the polymer may appear as variation in Mooney viscosity or as an increase in gel content. (3) Deterioration of inadequately stabilized SBR may also show up during processing operations when the polymer is subjected to heat—as in the Banbury or on a hot mill. (4) Deterioration of SBR polymer will appear as degraded physical properties in the cured vulcanizate. (5) The rubber goods manufacturer will benefit from the use of a really effective SBR stabilizer incorporated in the polymer during manufacture or by adding additional stabilizer to provide more protection against heat degradation in his operations. (6) Tris(nonylated aryl) phosphite exhibits unusual effectiveness as a stabilizer for SBR. (7) The presently widely used method of salt-acid coagulation of SBR polymer leaves room for improvement as far as polymer stability is concerned. (8) The more effective SBR stabilizers exhibit benefits in the aging of SBR vulcanizates.

The Structure of Gels. IX. Effects of Plasticizers on the Physical Properties of Styrene Butadiene Rubber

1959 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 536-538
Author(s):  
M. P. Zverev ◽  
P. I. Zubov
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Structure ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Intramolecular Interaction ◽  
Styrene Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Flow Transition ◽  
Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Transition Temperatures ◽  
Relative Extension ◽  
Styrene Butadiene

Abstract 1. The glass and flow temperatures and the strength and relative extension of rubber depend not only on the concentration of the plasticizer but also on its molecular structure. 2. Styrene butadiene rubber plasticized with nonpolar plasticizers has higher glass and flow transition temperatures than rubber plasticized with polar substances. The same relationships are found for the strength and relative extension of vulcanizates of this rubber. 3. Nonpolar plasticizers also weaken intramolecular interaction to a greater extent than polar plasticizers.

Viscosity and Molecular Weight of Masticated Styrene-Butadiene Rubber

1965 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 961-966 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. K. Bhatnagar ◽  
S. Banerjee
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Intrinsic Viscosity ◽  
Crosslink Density ◽  
Empirical Relation ◽  
Styrene Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Mooney Viscosity ◽  
The Times ◽  
Styrene Butadiene

Abstract Changes in the value of [η], [ηm], K′, (M) and μ of SBR masticated in the cold at 25.0 ± 5.0° C in presence of oxygen with the times of mastication are reported. An empirical relation has been developed between the intrinsic viscosity [η] and Mooney viscosity [ηm] which permits molecular weight of the rubber to be determined directly from Mooney viscosity. The value of g which appears in the Flory equation connecting true crosslink density with the physically determined one has been calculated for unfilled SBR.

scholarly journals Hybridization with Water Glass. Preparation and Physical Properties of 2-Vinylpyridinium silicate-styrene-butadiene Rubber.

2002 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-20
Author(s):  
Satoshi NAKAKITA ◽  
MING Zhang ◽  
Shin-ichi INOUE ◽  
Hiroshi OKAMOTO
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Water Glass ◽  
Styrene Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Glass Preparation ◽  
Styrene Butadiene

Some studies on the effect of bagasse concentration on the mechanical and physical properties of SBR composites

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (8-9) ◽  
pp. 663-677
Author(s):  
ESA Khalaf ◽  
H Farag ◽  
EM Abdel-Bary
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Styrene Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Butadiene Rubber ◽  
The Road ◽  
Reinforcing Fillers ◽  
Mechanical And Physical Properties ◽  
Grinding Machine ◽  
Styrene Butadiene

This work aims to avoid pollution of the environment resulting from ashes accumulated due to the burning of agricultural wastes. Also, it aims to reduce the cost without impairing the mechanical properties of rubber vulcanizates. For this reason, this work was carried out as a possible solution by incorporation of cellulose fibers derived from bagasse waste as reinforcing fillers in rubber composites. Besides, it aims at reporting an investigation on a series of mixtures based on natural ground bagasse powder (GBP) and carbon black (CB) as reinforcing fillers to study their effects on the mechanical and physical properties of styrene butadiene rubber (SBR) composites. The GBP obtained from the grinding machine has a selective grain size distribution ranging from about 20 µm to 180 µm. In addition, 2.5 phr of added maleic anhydride was used to improve the interfacial adhesion between SBR and agricultural waste fillers (i.e. bagasse). Tensile strength, elongation at break, modulus at 100% elongation, resilience and hardness (Shore A), degree of swelling, and thermal properties of the rubber vulcanizates were studied. The prepared samples were also analyzed by X-ray diffractometer and scanning electron microscopy. The advantage of choosing the 25 phr bagasse concentration as a pivoting factor makes the road clearer to investigate that the optimum concentration of bagasse to be used simultaneously with CB in SBR composites is 30 phr. Furthermore, it was found from the obtained results that the addition of GBP up to 50 phr is possible without impairing the mechanical properties of SBR vulcanizates.

The Effects on the Cure Characteristics and Physical Properties of Bamboo Activated Carbon Filled Styrene Butadiene Rubber (SBR) Compounds

2015 ◽  
Vol 815 ◽  
pp. 24-28
Author(s):  
N.R. Munirah ◽  
N.Z. Noriman ◽  
M.Z. Salihin ◽  
H. Kamarudin ◽  
M.H. Fatin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Filler Loading ◽  
Styrene Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Cure Characteristics ◽  
Rubber Compounds ◽  
Roll Mill ◽  
Cure Time ◽  
Styrene Butadiene

The role of activated carbon (AC) in rubber compounds was investigated to better understand the reinforcing mechanism. The activated carbon filled styrene butadiene rubber vulcanizates (SBR-AC) using bamboo activated carbon as filler were prepared by using two-roll mill and cured at 160 °C. AC filler loading from 10 to 50 phr (part per hundred rubber) were used in this study. Study into the influences of filler loading on the cure characteristics, swelling behaviour and physical properties (hardness and resilience) of SBR-AC vulcanizates were carried out. It was observed that SBR-AC vulcanizates has better cure characteristics compared to the styrene butadiene rubber gum vulcanizate (SBR-GV) which is a non-filled vulcanizate. The results showed that the scorch time (ts2) decreased with increasing filler loading. The cure time (tc90) slightly decreased up to 20 phr before a rise as the filler loading increased. The minimum torque (ML) of SBR vulcanizate increased and the maximum torque (MH) decreased up to 20 phr but then increased with increasing filler loading. The cure rate index (CRI) of SBR-GV vulcanizate was higher than that of all SBR-AC vulcanizates. Up to 20 phr of filler loading, the CRI increased before a decline occurred as the filler loading increased. As expected, the hardness value of SBR-AC vulcanizates was higher compared to SBR-GV vulcanizate which has lower resilience. The hardness and crosslink density showed an increasing trend meanwhile the resilience was adversely affected by the increase in filler loading. Bamboo activated carbon showed some potential enhancement on the reinforcing and physical properties of the vulcanizates.

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