Comparative Evaluation of Prophylactic and THP of CO (Hawthorn) Fruit with Atorvastatin in Murine Model of Dyslipidemia

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. 2913-2916
Author(s):  
Syeda Mah-e- Noor Zahra ◽  
Saadia Shahzad Alam ◽  
Maryam Nadeem ◽  
Huma Zia Arain ◽  
Neelofer Warraich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Murine Model ◽  
Normal Saline ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Therapeutic Groups ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
Hawthorn Fruit

Background: Dyslipidemia or hyperlipidemia is a consequential condition resulting from derangement in lipid profile. Standard treatment such as Atorvastatin though beneficial, causes many serious adverse effects thus an alternative like Crataegus oxyacantha (Hawthorn) with hypolipidemic potential was investigated. Aims: To evaluate prophylactic and therapeutic hypolipidemic potential of crataegus oxyacantha (hawthorn) fruit in comparison with atorvastatin in murine model of dyslipidemia through assessing physiological parameter i.e., weight and serum biochemical parameters i.e., lipid profile: TC, TGs, VLDL, LDL and HDL. Study design: This experimental study was carried out in research laboratory of Akhtar Saeed Medical and Dental College and National Health Research Centre (NHRC), Lahore Methods: A murine study of 60 days was conducted on 64 male albino Wistar rats (Age  6 weeks) divided into 8 groups with 8 rats each weighing 180-200 grams. Group 1 (healthy control) received normal diet and 2 ml of normal saline for 60 days. Group 2 (disease control) received HFD and 2 ml of normal saline for 30 days while 3-5 (prophylactic groups) were given HFD along with ethanolic extract of Crataegus oxyacantha fruit, atorvastatin and their combination in doses of 40 mg/kg OD, 80 mg/kg OD and 20+40 mg/kg OD orally respectively for the same period. 6-8 (therapeutic groups) received ethanolic extract of Crataegus oxyacantha fruit, atorvastatin and their combination respectively after induction of dyslipidemia from 30th till 60th day in the same doses as mentioned above. Each rat was weighed and fasting samples for biochemical parameters were drawn by cardiac puncture in all groups at baseline and repeated at 30th day in all groups while also at 60th day in therapeutic groups as well as healthy control group. The results were analyzed using one way ANOVA for Mean±SD, post hoc Tukey’s test for group comparison in the Graph-Pad Prism (V.5) software. A p-value ≤ 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Study period: This study was conducted from September, 2020-November, 2020. Results: Our murine study concludes that Crataegus oxyacantha (40 mg/kg OD orally) when administered prophylactically and therapeutically shows a noteworthy hypolipidemic potential when compared with Atorvastatin (80mg/kg OD orally). Better results were obtained in prophylactic doses as well as in low dose combination with Atorvastatin (20 mg/kg + 40 mg/kg respectively). Conclusion: Results suggest that Crataegus oxyacantha can be used as alternative in treating hyperlipidemias. Keywords: Crataegus oxyacantha, Atorvastatin, Hyperlipidemia.

scholarly journals Osmotic Fragility in Essential Hypertension Revisited: A Correlation with Iron Status and Lipid Profile

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hussein Kadhem Al-Hakeim ◽  
Zainab Hussein Alhillawi ◽  
Sahatha Raoof Al-Ani
Keyword(s):  
Essential Hypertension ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Iron Status ◽  
Transferrin Saturation ◽  
Osmotic Fragility ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Vascular Walls ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
Iron Parameters

Background: Essential hypertension is a major public health associated with increase pressure on the vascular walls and red blood cells (RBCs). In the present work, osmotic fragility (OF) of RBCs was reexamined in the means of its correlation with two risk factor; iron status and lipid profile. Experimental: OF, iron status parameters, and lipid profile components were measured in 60 patients and compared with the results of 30 controls. Results: The results showed a significant increase in all iron indices of hypertensive patients in comparing with healthy control group except TIBC, UIBC, and transferrin concentrations, which decrease in these patients in comparing with control group. Serum TGs, total cholesterol, VLDLc, and LDLc were increased while there is no significant in serum HDLc in patients to comparing with control group. There is no significant change in OF between patients and controls where p=0.173. The iron status parameters and lipid profile components were dependent on sex and smoking state. Hemoglobin and PCV were correlated significantly with total cholesterol and LDLc. Transferrin saturation showed a positive correlation with cholesterol, LDLc, and TGs, but negatively correlated with HDLc. No significant correlation between all the measured parameters and OF in HT patients. There is a significant correlation between serum ferritin and systolic BP and between Hb and systolic BP. Conclusion: No significant effect on the OF in HT patients. HT patients have elevated level of iron parameters in comparing with controls. OD has no correlation with iron status parameters or with lipid profile components.

ACUTE AND SUBACUTE TOXICITY STUDIES OF ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF MIRABILIS JALAPA LINN IN WISTAR ALBINO RATS

2021 ◽  
pp. 80-85
Author(s):  
SENTHIL KUMARI C ◽  
DHANASEKHAR KESAVELU
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Subacute Toxicity ◽  
Toxicity Studies ◽  
Mirabilis Jalapa

Objective: The objective of the study was to evaluate the toxicological potential of the ethanolic extract of leaves of Mirabilis jalapa linn through acute and subacute toxicity studies in albino Wistar rats. Methods: For acute toxicity studies, the ethanolic extract of M. jalapa was given up to 2000 mg/kg and then the animals were observed for 14 days to find out any adverse effect or death. For sub-acute toxicity studies, the exact was given for 28 days and the following parameters were observed such as changes in body weight, food intake, water intake, hematological parameters, biochemical parameters, lipid profile, urine analysis, and histopathological studies were undertaken. Results: Single oral administration of 2000 mg/kg of the ethanolic extract of M. jalapa produced no mortality or signs of toxicity. During subacute toxicity there were no changes in body weight, food intake and water intake were observed. There were no changes in lipid profile, hematological parameters, and biochemical parameters. In histopathological changes, there were no structural changes in treated groups when compared to control. Conclusion: The leaves of ethanolic extract of M. jalapa is safe when administered for 28 days. There were no deaths or signs of toxicity in treated rats during acute toxicity studies and subacute toxicity studies.

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF ANTIDEPRESSANT ACTIVITY OF ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF LAGERSTROEMIA SPECIOSA LEAVES IN ALBINO WISTAR RATS

2019 ◽  
pp. 68-74
Author(s):  
VANITA KANASE ◽  
SUNITA VISHWAKARMA
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Normal Saline ◽  
Restraint Stress ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Antidepressant Activity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Lagerstroemia Speciosa ◽  
Dose Dependent

Objective: The objective of the study was to evaluate the antidepressant activity of ethanolic extract of dried leaves of Lagerstroemia speciosa L. (EELS) on acute restraint stress (ARS)-induced depression-like behavior and biochemical alterations in albino Wistar rats. Methods: Thirty rats were randomly divided into five experimental groups. Group-I (normal control) rats received normal saline (2.0 ml/kg, p.o.) daily for 14 days; Group-II (stress control) rats received normal saline (2.0 ml/kg, p.o.) daily for 14 days and subjected to restraint stress on the 13th day. Group-III (standard drug-treated) rats received imipramine (15 mg/kg, p.o.) daily for 14 days and subjected to restraint stress on the 13th day. Groups-IV and V rats were treated with EELS (100 mg/kg and 300 mg/kg, p.o.) daily for 14 days subjected to ARS on the 13th day. Stress-like behavior was assessed by subjecting the rats to behavioral paradigms such as tail-suspension test (TST) and open field test (OFT), 40 min post-restraint stress procedure. Pretest of 10 min for forced swim test (FST) was also given to each rat simultaneously. Then, 23.5 h later, the relevant samples were administered and the main test performed 30 min later. Oxidative stress parameters such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), malondialdehyde (MDA), and extent of lipid peroxidation (LPO) were analyzed in restraint stress-induced animals and control group, following FST on the 15th day. Statistical Analysis: Expression of data was done as a mean standard error of the mean. The normally distributed data were subjected to one-way analysis of variance followed by Dunnett’s test. *p<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: It was observed that L. speciosa L. showed a significant dose-dependent decrease in duration of immobility time in TST and FST when compared with the control group in a dose-dependent manner. The results of OFT also showed a dose-dependent increase in locomotor activity. In addition to behavioral tests, EELS also normalized oxidative stress markers such as CAT, SOD, MDA, and LPO in a dose-dependent manner. Conclusion: The results suggest that the ethanolic extract of L. speciosa L. leaves possesses significant antidepressant property, may be recommended as a supplement for the antidepressant activity.

scholarly journals Sonographic Assessment of Heel Pad Thickness in Patients With Poorly Controlled Diabetes

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 374-379 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin Effiong Udoh ◽  
Bassey Eyo Archibong ◽  
Akpama Egwu Egong
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Hemoglobin A1c ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Heel Pad ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Apparently Healthy

The aim was to compare the heel pad thickness (HPT) in diabetic patients with high biochemical parameters (fasting blood sugar [FBS], hemoglobin A1c [HbA1c], and lipid profile) with nondiabetic counterparts. A total of 438 subjects made up of 216 diabetics with high biochemical parameters (poorly controlled) and 222 apparently healthy subjects were recruited. The HPT, FBS level, HbA1c values and lipid profile, and duration of diabetes mellitus were assessed. Results showed that the mean HPT was 13.33 ± 1.29 mm in the control subjects and 16.79 ± 1.84 mm in diabetics. The HPT among diabetics differed significantly from the control group ( P < .05). The mean value of HbA1c in the control group was 5.4 ± 1.3 compared to diabetics with values of 8.53 ± 2.1. The values of HbA1c among diabetics were significantly higher than that of the control group ( P < .05). HPT had a significant linear relationship with HbA1c among the diabetic subjects ( r = 0.42, P < .05).

scholarly journals Comparative study to establish significance of D-dimer, lipid profile and homocysteine level in cases of deep vein thrombosis

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 1733
Author(s):  
Vishal Sharma ◽  
Mahendra Bendre ◽  
Shahaji Chavan ◽  
Sree Ganesh B.
Keyword(s):  
Deep Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Homocysteine Level ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Deep Vein ◽  
D Dimer

Background: The purpose of the study was to establish the relationship of D-dimer, lipid profile and homocysteine level in deep-vein thrombosis (DVT). The purpose of this study was to assess the value of D-dimer in the detection of early DVT.Methods: A hospital based comparative study was conducted at Dr. D.Y. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, Pimpri, Pune with 100 patients to compare the level of D-dimer and lipid profile in cases of Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) with healthy controls. The study was carried out with following two groups of 50 patients each: study group       : 50 cases with DVT; control group: 50 healthy controls.Results: The D-Dimer levels was significantly higher in study group as compared to control group (748.44±93.17 vs. 426.06±78.11 ng/ml) and statistically significant as per student t-test (p<0.05). It was observed that total cholesterol (r=0.714; p<0.05), triglyceride (r=0.534; p<0.05), LDL (r=0.662; p<0.05), HDL (r=0.655; p<0.05), homocysteine (r=0.285; p<0.05) and D-dimer (r=0.368; p<0.05) were strongly and directly correlated with DVT.Conclusions: In our study most sensitive test for early diagnosis of DVT is D-dimer as it is considered to be useful as a screening test for DVT in hospitalized patients with acute medical diseases/episodes. D-dimer assay is an important preliminary test to detect deep vein thrombosis in post-operative cases. Its extreme sensitivity and high negative predictive value make it an ideal single test to screen patients suspected of having deep vein thrombosis. A negative test rules out deep vein thrombois and a positive test report needs further investigation for its confirmation. In case of increased lipid profile levels, patients are more prone to develop DVT hence there should be regular screening for DVT.

scholarly journals THES STUDY OF ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF BINAHONG LEAVES (ANREDERA CORDIFOLIA (TEN.) STEENIS) AND MULBERRY LEAVES (MORUS NIGRA L.) IN COMBINATION ON HYPERLIPIDEMIC INDUCED RATS

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elin Yulinah Sukandar ◽  
Dewi Safitri ◽  
Nisrina Nur Aini
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Triglyceride Level ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Mulberry Leaves ◽  
Morus Nigra ◽  
Antihyperlipidemic Activity

Objective: This study aimed to determine antihyperlipidemic activity of binahong leaves and murbey leaves extracts in combination.Methods: A total of 28 rats were divided into seven groups: normal, control, simvastatin 3.6 mg/kg bw, binahong leaves extract 100 mg/kg bw (B100), mulberry leaves extract 200 mg/kg bw (M200), combination of binahong extract 50 mg/kg and mulberry 100 mg/kg (B50+M100), and combination of binahong extract 100 mg/kg bw and mulberry 200 mg/kg bw (B100+M200). Hyperlipidemia was induced by giving rats a high fat diet along with cholesterol (200 mg/kg), cholic acid (0.2% of chow), and propylthiouracil (10 mg/kg bw) for 30 days orally. Then, for the next 14 days, all groups except the control were given the tested substances. Measurement of lipid profile was performed immediately after induction (T0), seven and fourteen days after treatment (T7 and T14, respectively).Results: There were significant differences on a group of M200, B50+M100, and B100+M200 compared to the control group at T14, with the value 33.68%, 34.39 %, and 44.81% (in reduction of total cholesterol) and 36.86%, 37.16%, and 49.99% (in reduction of triglyceride).Conclusion: Group of M200, B50+M100, and B100+M200 reduced total cholesterol and triglyceride level remarkably at day 14. The combination of both extract (B100+M200) considerably shows better activity than either binahong extract or mulberry extract. 

scholarly journals Effect of Ethanolic Extract of Fruits of Eriobotrya japonica on Lipid Profile and Body weight in Streptozotocin Induced Diabetic Rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabeeha Shafi ◽  
Nahida Tabassum
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
The Body ◽  
Eriobotrya Japonica ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels

Eriobotrya japonica locally called as loquat in Kashmir has been studied in various parts of the world but little work has been reported on Kashmiri loquat. The chemical nature of fruits and vegetables offers a great diversity of biological properties and plays an important role in the field of pharmacology. There is a quest for newer drugs with few adverse effects and this poses a challenge for the development of new drugs. The study was undertaken to study the activities of ethanolic extract of Eriobotrya japonica fruits in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. The phytochemical screening of the plant was also done. The animals were divided into five groups. Normal Control group received only the vehicle. Toxic group included those animals in which diabetes was induced by streptozotocin. The 3rd group was those animals which received streptozotocin and standard antidiabetic drug-glibenclamide. 4th group included those diabetic animals which received 50 mg/kg b.w dose of fruits of Eriobotrya japonica. 5th group animals included those diabetic animals which received 100 mg/kg b.w of the plant extract. The biochemical parameters that were evaluated were blood glucose levels and lipid profile tests. The body weight was also checked. Histopathology of pancreas was also done. The results showed significant decrease in blood glucose levels, lipid profile tests in animals treated with different doses of the plant extracts. Histopathology of pancreas also showed positive results.

scholarly journals Effect of Methotrexate on the Liver Enzymes and Lipid Profile in Adult Female Albino Mice

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 176-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baghdad Science Journal
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Adult Female ◽  
Normal Saline ◽  
Liver Enzymes ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Female Mice ◽  
The Third ◽  
Albino Mice

Methotrexate (MTX) was used for treatment of malignancies and now is widely used in treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. In this research the evaluation of the effects of MTX on some liver enzymes and lipid profile was studied. Twenty four adult female mice divided into three groups (8 mice each). The first two groups were treated with MTX while the third group was used as a control. MTX was intraperitoneally given at 50 µg/ml and 75 µg/ml to the first and second groups respectively for 35 days ,whereas the control group was intraperitoneally injected with normal saline. The results showed a significant (p

ALTERATIONS IN SOME BIOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS IN CATTLE AFFECTED WITH FOOT AND MOUTH DISEASE IN DAKAHLIA GOVERNORATE, EGYPT

2018 ◽  
pp. 49-56
Author(s):  
Eman Kamal ◽  
MOhamed Salama ◽  
Ahmed Elgamal ◽  
Nabil Heakal
Keyword(s):  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Serum Insulin ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Foot And Mouth Disease ◽  
Mouth Disease ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Infected Cattle ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Foot And Mouth ◽  
Healthy Control

This study was carried out to evaluate the changes in serum biochemical parameters during foot and mouth disease (FMD) viral infection, so blood samples were collected from different farms in Dakahlia Governorate during the outbreak of the disease in 2016. Blood samples were collected after complete clinical and physical examination of twenty five cattle; their ages were ranging from 1-2 years and divided into two groups as follows: 15 cattle were showing the clinical signs of the disease and 10 cattle were clinically healthy (control group). The obtained results showed a significant increase in glucose level (P<0.01), non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) (P<0.001), beta hydroxyl butyric acid (BHBA) (P<0.001) and lipase enzyme (P<0.01) in infected cattle compared to control group. On the other hand, serum insulin concentration and amylase were significantly lower in blood of infected cattle than control group (P<0.001) and (p<0.01) respectively. from the obtained results it could be concluded that FMD infection in cattle is associated with hyperglycemia, hypoinsulinemia and ketosis

Assessment of hepatoprotective activity of coded plant (222) leaf ethanolic extract against carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatotoxicity in Wistar rats – Part IV

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Krishnakumar N M
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Tetrachloride ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Subcutaneous Administration ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Hepatoprotective Activity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Hepatic Enzymes ◽  
Standard Drug

The present study was designed to assess the possible hepatoprotective activity of the leaf ethanolic extract of coded plant (Code No. 222**) against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced hepatic injury in Wistar albino rats. The animals were divided into different groups and treated with 222 leaf ethanolic extract at different concentrations for five days. Silymarin, the known hepatoprotective standard compound (100 mg/kg) was administered for five days. Hepatotoxicity was induced by the subcutaneous administration of a single dose of CCl4: Olive oil (2 mL/kg) on days 2 and 3. The administration of CCl4 resulted in marked increase in serum hepatic enzymes such as alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and serum bilirubin levels. CCl4 intoxication also resulted in a significant (P=0.05) increase in malondialdehyde (MDA), which is a common marker of lipid peroxidation. The other biochemical parameters such as cholesterol, triglycerides, creatinine, urea and uric acid levels were also increased significantly (P=0.05) compared to normal control group. Changes in serum hepatic enzymes, biochemical parameters and MDA levels induced by CCl4 were reversed by the leaf ethanolic extract of 222 (125 mg/kg) dose. The standard drug silymarin treated group also reversed CCl4-induced changes in biomarkers of liver function and MDA levels. Histopathological studies of the liver samples confirmed the hepatoprotective property of the coded drug 222. It was seen that histopathological damage induced by CCl4 were improved in rat liver, treated with 222 extract. The results of the present study suggested that coded plant (222) leaf ethanolic extract may be used as a hepatoprotective agent against toxic effects caused carbon tetrachloride in the liver.

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