Isolation of Chemical Constituents and Invitro Antidiabetic Activity of Mirabilis Jalapa Flower Extracts

Objectives: The present work was designed to investigate the phytochemical and in vitro screening of the flower extracts of Mirabilis jalapa. Materials and Methods: Phytochemical constituents were isolated using column chromatography and characterized of the compounds were carried out using IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR and mass spectroscopy data. In vitro anti-diabetic activity was evaluated by alpha-amylase inhibition assay and Alpha-glucosidase inhibition assay. Results: Phytochemical investigation of the ethanol extract revealed the presence of a flavonoid Kaempferol and a triterpenoid Lupeol. In vitro investigation indicated that the Mirabilis jalapa flowers extracts has considerable anti-diabetic activity Conclusion: The anti-diabetic activity may due to the presence of phytoconstituents like flavonoids, triterpenoids, steroids.

COMPARATIVE PROTEOMIC ANALYSIS OF THE THICK-WALLED RAY FORMATION PROCESS OF HALOXYLON AMMODENDRON IN THE GURBANTUNGGUT DESERT, CHINA

Thick-walled ray cells of Haloxylon ammodendronwere first reported by Zhou and Gong in 2017, but their formation mechanism remains unknown. In this study, we performeda proteomic analysis of ray cell wall formation in the xylem. H. ammodendronin Shihezi exhibits a thicker ray cell wall than that in Jinghe. During the process of cell wall biosynthesisin the xylem of H. ammodendron, the nonspecific lipid-transfer protein and beta expansin EXPB2.1 (Mirabilis jalapa) first loosen the cell wall, and this step is followed by extension and expansion. Subsequently, xyloglucan endotransglycosylase/hydrolase 1 cleaves and linksthe xyloglucan chains. Photosystem I P700 apoprotein A1, reversibly glycosylated polypeptide 1 and GDP-mannose-3′,5′-epimerase are involved in the cellulose, hemicellulose and pectin biosynthesis processes in the cell wall by providing components or energy. Finally, the proteins involved in phenylpropanoid biosynthesis promote lignification of the ray cell wall and complete the biosynthetic process of the cell wall.

Evaluation of Cytotoxic Effects of Methanolic Extract and Fractions of Mirabilis jalapa (L.) Leaf

This study examined the potential cytotoxicity of Mirabilis jalapa L. methanolic crude leaf extract and its fractions against brine shrimp nauplii (Artemia salina L.) and Allium cepa L. roots. The leaf extraction was done according to standard technique and crude extract was partitioned using n-hexane, water, ethyl acetate and butanol to obtain their respective fractions. Allium cepa root growth inhibition of M. jalapa methanolic crude extract and fractions were evaluated as well as brine shrimp lethality of the fractions based on standard methods. Also, phytochemical screening of the methanolic crude leaf extract was carried out according to standard methods. The result showed that M. jalapa methanolic crude leaf extract caused a significant reduction in cell mitotic index (32.96%) compared with the control (52.13%). The butanol fraction produced the highest mitotic inhibitory activity on A. cepa cell division at 0.3 mg/ml. Moreover, the butanol fraction produced the highest percentage lethality (LC50 1.45 μg/ml) against brine shrimp nauplii. There was a strong correlation between brine shrimp lethality and mitotic cell inhibition with butanol fraction as the most potent in both models. The methanolic leaf crude extract tested positive for alkaloids, cardiac glycosides, flavonoids, saponins, steroids, tanins and triterpenes. The methanolic crude extract of M. jalapa leaf and its fractions exhibited effective cytotoxic effect on A. cepa and brine shrimps. Butanol fraction, with the most cytotoxic activity among the tested extracts, demonstrates a promising source for novel anticancer agents.

Evaluation of anxiolytic and anticonvulsant potential of Mirabilis jalapa ethanolic extracts on standardized rat models

Anxiety and Convulsion are the most prominent, crippled and cruel neurological diseases in recent times. There are many indigenous plants have beneficial properties to treat mental disease and psychic complaints. Evaluation of anxiolytic and anticonvulsant activity of leaf and root ethanolic extracts of mirabilis jalapa in rat models were carried out using standardized experimental methods. The dried leaves and root was macerated with ethanol separately and administered the discern dose of 200 mg/k g p.o. and 400mg/kg p.o. from each extract and employed in Elevated Plus Maze test (EPM) and Open field test (OFT) with 2mg/kg i.p of Diazepam as a standard drug to assess the anxiolytic activity. Maximal electroshock induced convulsion (MES) (Phenytoin-20mg/kg i.p as a standard drug) and Pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) induced seizures analyzed where Diazepam (5mg/kg) i.p as a standard drug to assess the anticonvulsant activity. Substantial changes in all tested activities EPM, OFT in anxiety model and MES, PTZ in anticonvulsant model were observed. The results revealed that ethanol leaf extract (400 mg/kg p.o.) was more impetus due to the high amount of flavonoid, phenolic compounds, steroids, terpenoid contents possess tremendous anti-anxiety whereas the ethanol root extract (400 mg/kg p.o.) and ethanol leaf extract (400 mg/kg p.o.) produce significant anticonvulsant potential effect compared to the control and standard drug treatment group. This study suggested that the plant M. jalapa is a much more active compound consistent medicinal plant to derive a potent drug against anxiety and convulsion.

UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIINFLAMASI INFUSA BUNGA PUKUL EMPAT SECARA IN VITRO

The stew of Mirabilis jalapa L. flower has been used traditionally as an anti-inflammatory. Phytochemical screening of Mirabilis jalapa L. flower showed flavonoid content which is known to have anti-inflammatory activity. This study aims to determine the anti-inflammatory activity of Mirabilis jalapa L. flower infusion using the red blood cell membrane stabilization method by inducing hypotonicity and heat. The test group consisted of Mirabilis jalapa L. flower infusion with a concentration of 2.5%; 5%; and 10% w / v, positive control (diclofenac sodium 0.01% w / v and aspirin 0.01% w / v), and negative control (distilled water). The anti-inflammatory activity of Mirabilis jalapa L. flower infusion was determined by the percentage of membrane stabilization and inhibition of red blood cell hemolysis. Data from the test results were statistically analyzed both parametric and nonparametric with SPSS. Mirabilis jalapa L. flower infusion contains flavonoids, tannins and terpenoids. The test results showed that the 10% concentration of Mirabilis jalapa L. flower infusion had the largest percentage of red blood cell hemolysis protection on hypotonicity induction, that is 99.50% (p>0.05) and the largest percentage of hemolysis inhibition on heat induction, that is 50.27% ( p≤0.05). From these results, it can be concluded that the Mirabilis jalapa L. flower infusion has potential as an anti-inflammatory by stabilizing the red blood cell membrane.

Synthesis and Characterization of Ag/TiO2 Nanoparticles using Mirabilis jalapa Plant Extract

Green synthesized nanomaterials have been widely developed because of their less toxicity, low energy process, environmentally friendly, effective, cheap, and pollution-free. Green synthesis of silver doped titanium dioxide nanoparticles (Ag/TiO2 NPs) was carried out using Mirabilis jalapa plant extract. The plant extract was used as a reducing agent. The functional groups, morphology, and crystalline structure of as-synthesized Ag/TiO2 NPs were investigated by FT-IR, FESEM, and XRD. Analysis by FESEM confirmed that the morphology of Ag/TiO2 NPs is spherical with an average size of ~ 400 nm. Crystallite size for the Ag/TiO2 NPs was calculated by the Scherrer formula dan the average size found to be in the range of 15.72 nm. The result of XRD analysis showing the fcc structure for metallic silver and TiO2 particles in the anatase and rutile phases.