Glucose supply as a way to reduce procedural pain in newborns. Review of research results

Ból ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 17-24
Author(s):  
Paulina Pisaniak ◽  
Greta Śmietana ◽  
Dorota Ozga
Keyword(s):  
Preventive Measure ◽  
Medical Personnel ◽  
The Body ◽  
Procedural Pain ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Medical Procedures ◽  
Medical Interventions ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
Calming Effect ◽  
Glucose Supply

Immediately after birth, most newborns undergo a number of medical procedures to assess how the body functions. Some of these procedures are invasive and involve breaking the continuity of the baby's tissues, leading to pain and discomfort. Confirmation of pain sensation by newborns is relatively one of the newer scientific discoveries - this fact was not acceptable until the end of the 1980s. Therefore, analgesia was used very rarely during all medical procedures. Nowadays, medical personnel are aware that the youngest patients also feel pain and should be knowledgeable about its prevention and treatment. The aim of the study is to analyze the available studies on glucose supply as a way to reduce procedural pain in newborns. The non-systematic review of the literature was carried out according to the following keywords: pain, glucose, newborn, prevention, recommendations. Analyzes carried out in neonatal departments and a literature review have shown that pain prevention and treatment still pose many problems, as there are no clear guidelines as to how and methods to administer the therapy. Oral glucose is the most common pain reliever used in neonates during medical interventions. Its mechanism of action remains unclear, but it is believed to have a calming effect and reduce behavioral indicators of pain. The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends the administration of three doses of sucrose appropriate to the gestational age of the newborn, but there is concern about the long-term use of this preventive measure, especially in premature babies, who are at greater risk of hyperglycemia and disturbances in the development of the nervous system.

scholarly journals Pranayama and Breathing Exercises - Types and Its Role in Disease Prevention & Rehabilitation

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (44) ◽  
pp. 3325-3330
Author(s):  
Naresh Kumar Satyanarayan Dhaniwala ◽  
Venkatesh Dasari ◽  
Mukunda Naresh Dhaniwala
Keyword(s):  
Disease Prevention ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Preventive Measure ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The Body ◽  
Western World ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Diaphragmatic Breathing ◽  
Breathing Exercises ◽  
Calming Effect

Yoga is a multi-faceted spiritual tool enhancing health and well-being. Physical postures (Asan), regulated breathing (Pranayama), and meditations (Dhyana) are its main components. Breathing exercises of various types, particularly diaphragmatic breathing, alternate nostril breathing (anulom vilom), and kapalbhati have been noted to be useful in chronic asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), post-operative management in head & neck surgery, cardiovascular surgery, and upper abdominal surgery. Its calming effect reduces blood pressure and agitation in various psychiatric disorders also. Common types of breathing exercises which are easy to learn and practice for day to day fitness and prevention of disease are: equal breathing (bhastrika), clavicular breathing, costal breathing, and diaphragmatic breathing. kapalbhati, alternate nostril breathing (anulom vilom), bhramari pranayama, and tribandh breathing. These require proper learning under guidance. Ujjayi pranayama, sitali, and surya bhedan pranayama also require proper training and have a calming effect on the body. Various types of breathing produce their beneficial effects on the body when they are done regularly for the minimum recommended period. These exercises can be practiced in any comfortable posture on the floor or sitting on a chair. Regulation of rate and rhythm during its practice helps towards achieving meditation. Pranayama and Yoga have proven their utility in various diseases as noted in studies done in various medical centers. The western world also recognizes its importance and recommends it to their people. In India, health is given a low priority and outdoor physical activities are becoming less popular. In these conditions of living, Yoga and Pranayama (breathing exercises) are recommended for persons of all ages because these are easy to learn, simple to practice, and do not require any separate space or instruments. Regularity and execution in a proper way for the optimum time alone are needed for general well-being, better lung functions, and as a preventive measure for various respiratory and psychiatric disorders. In the present pandemic of COVID19, warranting house quarantine for a large number of people, this is going to prove a boon for physical and mental alleviation. KEY WORDS Pranayama, Breathing Exercises, Disease, Prevention

scholarly journals КЛІНІЧНИЙ ВИПАДОК ГОСПІТАЛЬНОЇ ПНЕВМОНІЇ, ВИКЛИКАНОЇ KLEBSIELLA PNEUMONIA, ВНАСЛІДОК КОНТАКТУ ІЗ ЧЛЕНОМ РОДИНИ

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 24-27
Author(s):  
Н.Д. Герасименко ◽  
Н.І. Дігтяр
Keyword(s):  
Nosocomial Pneumonia ◽  
Clinical Case ◽  
Lifestyle Modification ◽  
Preventive Measure ◽  
Medical Personnel ◽  
Empiric Therapy ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
The Body ◽  
Medical Institution ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumonia

The problem of morbidity and mortality due to infectious lesions of the respiratory tract, in particular nosocomial pneumonia, remain one of the most pressing problems of modern medicine. Nosocomial pneumonia ranks 3rd among all infectious diseases that a patient can contract at a medical institution after urinary and wound inflammation and it is characterized by high mortality. Nosocomial pneumonia is provoked by antibiotic-resistant microorganisms; in the intensive care patients, it is complicated by the re-aspiration of bacteria that accumulate above the cuff of the intubation tube. Identification of nosocomial and community-acquired pneumonia involves a particular flora of pathogens and, accordingly, involves empiric therapy. Routine analysis of sputum according to Gram gives approximate data, which is a clarification for empiric treatment. We present a clinical case, which demonstrates that infection is also possible due to contact of a family member with another one, working at a medical institution. Therefore, in our clinical case, we emphasize that it is very important to collect a thorough history. Careful collection of medical history can provide additional information: working in a team, being a medical professional, relatives working at a medical institution. It should be noted that in this category of patients, the causative agent of infection, including nosocomial pneumonia, may be the strains of nosocomial microorganisms. Regardless of age, we recommend the use of preventive measures (lifestyle modification, acclimatization training, sports, etc.) to increase the non-specific resistance of the body. As a preventive measure, medical personnel should follow the regimes of ventilation and wet cleaning in the premises, wash their hands and rinse their nasal passages as often as possible with saline solutions, use a mask to protect the respiratory organs, disinfect hands with alcohol.

Nanoparticles and Its Implications in HIV/AIDS Therapy

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 448-456 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor B. Oti
Keyword(s):  
Direct Injection ◽  
Oral Intake ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Antiretroviral Drugs ◽  
The Body ◽  
Viral Agent ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
Hiv Aids

The use of Antiretroviral drugs in treating HIV/ AIDS patients has enormously increased their life spans with serious disadvantages. The virus infection still remains a public health problem worldwide with no cure and vaccine for the viral agent until now. The use of nanoparticles (NPs) for the treatment and prevention of HIV/AIDS is an emerging technology of the 21st century. NPs are solid and colloid particles with 10 nm to <1000 nm size range; although, less than 200 nm is the recommended size for nanomedical usage. There are NPs with therapeutic capabilities such as liposomes, micelles, dendrimers and nanocapsules. The particle enters the body mainly via oral intake, direct injection and inhalation. It has been proven to have potentials of advancing the prevention and treatment of the viral agent. Certain NPs have been shown to have selftherapeutic activity for the virus in vitro. Strategies that are novel are emerging which can be used to improve nanotechnology, such as genetic treatment and immunotherapy. In this review, nanoparticles, the types and its characteristics in drug delivery were discussed. The light was furthermore shed on its implications in the prevention and treatment of HIV/AIDS.

scholarly journals Empagliflozin Improves Metabolic and Hepatic Outcomes in a Non-Diabetic Obese Biopsy-Proven Mouse Model of Advanced NASH

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (12) ◽  
pp. 6332
Author(s):  
Nikolaos Perakakis ◽  
Pavlina Chrysafi ◽  
Michael Feigh ◽  
Sanne Skovgard Veidal ◽  
Christos S. Mantzoros
Keyword(s):  
Mouse Model ◽  
Cell Activation ◽  
Stellate Cell ◽  
Liver Steatosis ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
The Body ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Metabolic Outcomes ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Empagliflozin, an established treatment for type 2 diabetes (T2DM), has shown beneficial effects on liver steatosis and fibrosis in animals and in humans with T2DM, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and steatohepatitis (NASH). However, little is known about the effects of empagliflozin on liver function in advanced NASH with liver fibrosis and without diabetes. This study aimed to assess the effects of empagliflozin on hepatic and metabolic outcomes in a diet-induced obese (DIO) and insulin-resistant but non-diabetic biopsy-confirmed mouse model of advanced NASH. Male C57BL/6JRj mice with a biopsy-confirmed steatosis and fibrosis on AMLN diet (high fat, fructose and cholesterol) for 36-weeks were randomized to receive for 12 weeks: (a) Empagliflozin (10 mg/kg/d p.o.), or (b) vehicle. Metabolic outcomes, liver pathology, markers of Kupffer and stellate cell activation and lipidomics were assessed at the treatment completion. Empagliflozin did not affect the body weight, body composition or insulin sensitivity (assessed by intraperitoneal insulin tolerance test), but significantly improved glucose homeostasis as assessed by oral glucose tolerance test in DIO-NASH mice. Empagliflozin improved modestly the NAFLD activity score compared with the vehicle, mainly by improving inflammation and without affecting steatosis, the fibrosis stage and markers of Kupffer and stellate cell activation. Empagliflozin reduced the hepatic concentrations of pro-inflammatory lactosylceramides and increased the concentrations of anti-inflammatory polyunsaturated triglycerides. Empagliflozin exerts beneficial metabolic and hepatic (mainly anti-inflammatory) effects in non-diabetic DIO-NASH mice and thus may be effective against NASH even in non-diabetic conditions.

Application of melatonin for prevention and treatment of circadian rhythm disorders

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 34-38
Author(s):  
A. S. SAMOYLOV ◽  
◽  
N. V. RYLOVA ◽  
A. V. ZHOLINSKIY ◽  
I. V. BOLSHAKOV ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Circadian Rhythm ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Light Exposure ◽  
The Body ◽  
Optimal Dosage ◽  
Vital Activity ◽  
Time Zone ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
Time Of Administration ◽  
Circadian Rhythm Disorders

The article presents data from the Russian and foreign literature of the properties of melatonin, its role in the vital activity of the body and the regulation of circadian rhythms. The features of using the drug in desynchronosis, the optimal dosage and time of administration, as well as the possibility of its use in combination with non-pharmacological treatment methods are discussed. These methods include dosed light exposure and exercise. Additionally, new studies are considered, indicating the beneficial effect of melatonin and its agonists on the immune, cardiovascular, endocrine and nervous systems. Based on the collected data, it is asserted that melatonin can significantly accelerate the process of adaptation to a new time zone without the development of side effects. Therefore, this drug is the most effective and safe treatment for desynchronosis. It is also important to note that the study of the multifaceted effects of melatonin on body functions opens up great prospects in the treatment of many diseases.

scholarly journals Collagen drinks for functional nutrition

2018 ◽  
Vol 80 (3) ◽  
pp. 97-103
Author(s):  
L. V. Antipova ◽  
S. A. Storublevtsev ◽  
A. A. Getmanova
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Main Part ◽  
Jerusalem Artichoke ◽  
The Body ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Energy Functions ◽  
Preventive Actions ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
Experimental Laboratory

In the process of life of the body continuously consumed nutrients that perform plastic and energy functions. The source of nutrients is a variety of foods, consisting of a complex of proteins, fats and carbohydrates, which in the process of digestion are converted into digestible substances. Collagen is the basis of connective tissue and binds the cells in the tissues, creates the frame of the whole body. The gastrointestinal tract, as a system of organs, is no exception and is designed process and extract nutrients from food. Most organs consist of connective tissue, accounting for 60–90% of their mass, which confirms its importance and the role of collagen in this regard can not be estimated. Collagen functions in the body are diverse, one of the main - part in digestion, the violation of which is the cause of diseases such as gastritis and ulcers. For the prevention and treatment of such diseases are very useful liquid collagen-containing food in the form of functional drinks. Developed and obtained in the experimental laboratory a variety of drinks on a collagen basis, with the use of additional broth with sea buckthorn pulp, tincture of dried chicory root powder and broth with the flesh of Jerusalem artichoke. An invaluable contribution to the therapeutic and preventive actions of all these components is proved not only scientifically, but also time-tested.

scholarly journals SAT-249 Polyarticular Osteoarthritis: A Disabling Manifestation of Acromegaly

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Azkia Khan ◽  
Hashim Ejaz ◽  
Vijaykumar Sekar ◽  
Sofia Syed
Keyword(s):  
Pituitary Adenoma ◽  
Endocrine System ◽  
Mass Effect ◽  
Free Testosterone ◽  
The Body ◽  
Medical Attention ◽  
Serum Prolactin ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
Hands And Feet

Abstract Background Acromegaly is a slow-onset rare endocrinopathy that is characterized by chronic overproduction of growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1). Excess GH and IGF-1 levels lead to insulin resistance, which is implicated in most of the complications associated with acromegaly. We present a case of acromegaly, wherein the patient presented with worsening polyarthralgia and decreasing mobility. As the patient was undergoing workup for rapidly progressing osteoarthritis, the internist became suspicious of patient’s changing physical appearance. Case A 53-year-old man with medical history of diabetes mellitus and hypertension was referred to endocrine clinic on account of high IGF-1 levels, 909 ng/ml (normal: 37-245 ng/ml). He was seeking medical attention because of rapidly progressing polyarthralgia and stiffness for the last two years. His symptoms were intensifying despite use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and intra-articular steroid injections. Imaging revealed severe degenerative changes and narrowing of joint space in bilateral hip, knee and glenohumeral joints. Internist observed that the patient was exhibiting stigmata of acromegaly such as enlargement of hands and feet, prognathism and dental space widening. Patient reported headaches, blurry vision, sleep apnea, dysphagia and right ear exostosis. Colonoscopy revealed hyperplastic polyps. Repeat IGF- 1 levels were 910 ng/ml (Normal: 37-245 ng/ml). Oral glucose tolerance test showed failure of suppression of GH. Serial GH levels were 4.50, 5.08, 6.74, 5.81 and 5.21 ng/ml (Normal: 0.01- 0.97 ng/ml). Tests for other endocrinopathies revealed the following results: serum prolactin 4 ng/ml (Normal &lt;18 ng/ml), serum cortisol 7.9 ug/dl (Normal: 6-27 ug/dl), 24 hour urine cortisol 23mcg/24 hours (Normal: 3.5-45 mcg/24 hours), serum TSH 2.25 uIU/ml (Normal: 0.34- 3 uIU/ml), serum T4 level 0.7 ng/dl (Normal: 0.6-1.6 ng/dl) and serum T3 level 144.9ng/dl (Normal: 87-178 ng/dl). Serum total and free testosterone levels were 111 ng/dl (Normal: 240-950 ng/dl) and 3.89 ng/dl (Normal: 4.06-15.6 ng/dl) respectively and were suggestive of hypogonadism. MRI Brain showed 12x10x8mm pituitary adenoma. He was referred for transsphenoidal surgery for resection of pituitary adenoma. Conclusion Polyarticular osteoarthritis is an early manifestation of acromegaly. Systemic diseases associated with acromegaly are the primary reason for which most patients seek medical attention. It is important to look for coexisting endocrinopathies whenever the diagnosis of acromegaly is established, since mass effect of pituitary adenoma can wreak havoc on the endocrine system of the body. High index of suspicion, early diagnosis and prompt treatment are the key to reverse some but not all comorbid conditions associated with acromegaly.

scholarly journals Analisis Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Pendapatan Usahatani Alpukat

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 143
Author(s):  
Wiwiek Andajani ◽  
Djoko Rahardjo
Keyword(s):  
Random Sampling ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
The Body ◽  
Descriptive Research ◽  
Avocado Fruit ◽  
Quantitative Descriptive ◽  
One Year ◽  
Calming Effect

Avocado fruit is one of 10 fruits that can relieve stress, because it contains hormones and nutrients that can have a calming effect on the body. East Java Province is one of the centers for fruit production in Indonesia, including avocado fruit center, precisely in Ngliman Village, Sawahan District, Nganjuk Regency. However, this does not guarantee the high income of avocado farmers, which is caused by, among other things, price fluctuations during the harvest season, unoptimal farming management, pest attacks, and others. The purpose of this study was to determine the farmer income of avocado farming, and the factors that influence it, as well as the factors that most influence the income of avocado farming. Using quantitative descriptive research methods and deliberately choosing the research area in Ngliman Village, the research was conducted in a leading area of avocado farming in Sawahan District, Nganjuk Regency. Sampling method employed a simple random sampling of avocado farmers who have been producing for more than 10 years. From the results of the analysis, it can be seen that the income of avocado farmers in one year per hectare was IDR 9,624,550, and the land area factor affecting the income of avocado farming.Buah alpukat adalah salah satu dari 10 macam buah-buahan yang dapat meredakan stress, karena mengandung hormon dan nutrisi yang dapat memberikan efek tenang pada tubuh. Propinsi Jawa Timur adalah salah satu sentra produksi buah-buahan di Indonesia, diantaranya sentra buah alpukat, tepatnya yaitu di Kabupaten Nganjuk, Kecamatan Sawahan, Desa Ngliman. Namun demikian belum menjamin tingginya pendapatan petani alpukat, yang disebabkan antara lain, fluktuasi harga pada musim panen, belum maksimalnya pengelolaan usahataninya, adanya serangan hama, dan lain sebagainya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pendapatan usahatani alpukat, dan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor produksi yang mempengaruhinya, serta untuk mengetahui faktor produksi (umur, tingkat pendidikan, pengalaman atau lama usahatani, dan luas lahan) yang paling berpengaruh terhadap pendapatan usahatani alpukat. Menggunakan metode penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif, dan secara sengaja memilih daerah penelitian di Desa Ngliman, karena merupakan daerah unggulan penghasil buah alpukat di Kecamatan Sawahan, Kabupaten Nganjuk. Pengambilan sampel secara simple random sampling terhadap petani alpukat yang sudah berproduksi lebih dari 10 tahun. Dari hasil analisis dapat diketahui pendapatan petani alpukat dalam satu tahun per hektarnya sebesar Rp9.624.550-, dan faktor luas lahan saja yang berpengaruh terhadap pendapatan usahatani alpukat.

Procedural anesthesia and sedation for children undergoing diagnostic and medical procedures – a review of post‐procedural pain, nausea and vomiting by questionnaire‐based survey

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chloe Batchelor ◽  
Thomas Drake‐Brockman ◽  
Andrew Lowe ◽  
Aine Sommerfield ◽  
Britta S von Ungern‐Sternberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Procedural Pain ◽  
Medical Procedures

Why blackseed can be the cure for all illnesses except death

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 75-80
Author(s):  
Rashid Bhikha ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Pharmacological Action ◽  
The Body ◽  
Past Century ◽  
Self Healing ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Bible ◽  
The World ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
Vast Range ◽  
Regular Intake

The use of plants to prevent and treat illnesses has been known since time immemorial. Blackseed has been used in different civilizations around the world for centuries. The curative properties of blackseed were mentioned in the Bible and further elaborated on by Prophet Mohammed (PBUH) as “Hold on to the use of blackseed, as it has a remedy for every illness except death”. Extensive research conducted over the past century into the phytochemistry of blackseed has identified many active ingredients and confirmed its pharmacological action in the treatment of a vast range of illness conditions across the different systems of the body, including the prevention and treatment of cancer, and optimum functioning of the immune system. Furthermore, the Tibb philosophical principles highlight the ability of the body’s inherent self-healing capacity, known as Physis, and the intricate functioning of the human body, based on the temperamental and humoral theory. This paper emphasizes the importance of Physis, and its role in the maintenance and restoration of health with the regular intake of blackseed, highlighting why blackseed can be a cure for all illnesses except death. Keywords: Blackseed, phytochemistry, pharmacological action, Tibb philosophical principles.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document