SKIN–FOLD THICKNESS IN RELATION TO BODY WEIGHT AND ARTERIAL BLOOD PRESSURE

1962 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Palmai
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Arterial Blood Pressure ◽  
Skin Fold Thickness ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Skin Fold

scholarly journals Vascular responsiveness in adrenalectomized rats with corticosterone replacement

1989 ◽  
Vol 256 (5) ◽  
pp. H1274-H1281 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. N. Darlington ◽  
K. Kaship ◽  
L. C. Keil ◽  
M. F. Dallman
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Arterial Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Thymus Weight ◽  
Vascular Responsiveness ◽  
Vascular Sensitivity ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
Adrenalectomized Rats

To determine under resting, unstressed conditions the circulating glucocorticoid concentrations that best maintain sensitivity of the vascular smooth muscle and baroreceptor responses to vasoactive agents, rats with vascular cannulas were sham-adrenalectomized (sham) or adrenalectomized (ADRX) and provided with four levels of corticosterone replacement (approximately 100 mg fused pellets of corticosterone: cholesterol 0, 20, 40, and 80% implanted subcutaneously at the time of adrenal surgery). Changes in vascular and baroreflex responses were determined after intravenous injection of varying doses of phenylephrine and nitroglycerin with measurement of arterial blood pressure and heart rate in the conscious, chronically cannulated rats. Vascular sensitivity was decreased, and resting arterial blood pressure tended to be decreased in the adrenalectomized rats; both were restored to normal with levels of corticosterone (40%), which also maintained body weight gain, thymus weight, and plasma corticosteroid binding globulin concentrations at normal values. The baroreflex curve generated from the sham group was different from the curves generated from the ADRX+0, 20, and 40% groups, but not different from that of the ADRX+80% group, suggesting that the baroreflex is maintained by higher levels of corticosterone than are necessary for the maintenance of the other variables. These data demonstrate that physiological levels of corticosterone (40% pellet) restore vascular responsiveness, body weight, thymus weight, and transcortin levels to normal in ADRX rats, whereas higher levels (80% pellet) are necessary for restoration of the baroreflex.

Exaggerated natriuresis during clamping of systemic NO supply in healthy young men

2011 ◽  
Vol 122 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane A. Simonsen ◽  
Mona S. Rasmussen ◽  
Werner Vach ◽  
Poul F. Høilund-Carlsen ◽  
Peter Bie
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Arterial Blood Pressure ◽  
Sodium Excretion ◽  
Volume Expansion ◽  
Renal Plasma Flow ◽  
Peripheral Resistance ◽  
Young Men ◽  
System Activity ◽  
Arterial Blood

NO (nitric oxide) may be involved in fluid homoeostasis. We hypothesized that increases in NO synthesis contribute to acute, saline-induced natriuresis, which, therefore, should be blunted when NO availability is stabilized. Young men were studied during simultaneous infusions of L-NAME [NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester; bolus of 750 μg·kg−1 of body weight and 8.3 μg·min−1·kg−1 of body weight] and SNP (sodium nitroprusside), the latter at a rate preventing L-NAME from increasing total peripheral resistance (‘NO-clamping’). Slow volume expansion (saline, 20 μmol of NaCl·min−1·kg−1 of body weight for 3 h) was performed with and without concomitant NO-clamping. NO-clamping itself decreased RPF (renal plasma flow; P~0.02) and tended to decrease arterial blood pressure [MABP (mean arterial blood pressure)]. Volume expansion markedly decreased the plasma levels of renin, AngII (angiotensin II) and aldosterone (all P<0.001), while MABP (oscillometry), heart rate, cardiac output (impedance cardiography), RPF (by p-aminohippurate), GFR [glomerular filtration rate; by using 51Cr-labelled EDTA] and plasma [Na+] and [K+] remained constant. Volume expansion increased sodium excretion (P<0.02) at constant filtered load, but more so during NO-clamping than during control (+184% compared with 52%; P<0.0001). Urinary nitrate/nitrite excretion increased during volume expansion; plasma cGMP and plasma vasopressin were unchanged. The results demonstrate that NO-clamping augments sodium excretion in response to volume expansion at constant MABP and GFR, reduced RPF and decreased renin system activity, a response termed hypernatriuresis. The results indicate that mediator(s) other than MABP, RPF, GFR and renin system activity contribute significantly to the homoeostatic response to saline loading, but the specific mechanisms of hypernatriuresis remain obscure.

scholarly journals The physiological significance of body weight at birth for subsequent age periods of life

2012 ◽  
Vol 93 (2) ◽  
pp. 330-334
Author(s):  
Yu D Karpenko
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Arterial Blood Pressure ◽  
Random Variable ◽  
The Body ◽  
Examination Period ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Cardio Vascular ◽  
Birth Body Weight

Aim. To study the significance of the features of early development of a child’s body, estimated on the basis of the anthropometric data at birth for subsequent age periods. Methods. The study involved practically healthy 1-5 year students with normal birth weight, 439 males and 112 females, mean age was 21.13±±0.08 years. Measurements of systolic and diastolic arterial blood pressure were performed using an automated tonometer, heart rate variability was studied on a computer electrocardiography device in accordance with the generally accepted guidelines. Conducted was a multiple regression analysis, in which as an independent random variable were the age and height of the mother, the sex of the newborn, the serial number of delivery, and as a dependent variable - the birth body weight. Results. Established was a significant correlation between birth body weight and body length (β=0.163; p=0.000), maternal age (β=0.137; p=0.001), month (season) of birth (β=-0.2012; p=0.003) and sex (β=-0.1009; p=0.003) of the child. Noted was a correlation of the respiration rate with the body weight at birth both during the semester period (r=-0.2; p=0.05) and during the examination period (r=0.26; p=0.03). Conclusion. During the examination period the correlation between birth weight and the values of functional parameters (respiratory rate, tidal volume, arterial blood pressure) of the students increases, therefore, birth body weight among the surveyed students was a predictor of the functional state of the respiratory system, cardio-vascular and autonomic nervous systems.

scholarly journals Ameliorative effect of apelin-13 against renal complications in L-NAME-induced preeclampsia in rats

PeerJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. e11110
Author(s):  
Reham Z. Hamza ◽  
Abdel Aziz A. Diab ◽  
Mansour H. Zahra ◽  
Ali K. Asalah ◽  
Mai S. Attia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Arterial Blood Pressure ◽  
Mean Arterial Blood Pressure ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Serum Urea ◽  
Pregnant Rats ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Total Urine

Pre-eclampsia (PE) accompanying acute liver and kidney injury has remained a master cause of both fetal and maternal mortality and morbidity. Vasoactive mediators, oxidative stress and inflammatory imbalanceshave an important role in PE pathogenesis. Apelin is an adipokine that improves endothelial dysfunction; has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects; moreover, its level reduced during PE. This study aimed to explore the effects of apelin-13 administration on preeclampsia-associated renal dysfunction and proteinuria. Thirty-three pregnant female rats were divided into three groups; group: 1 (normal pregnant rats), group: 2 (preeclamptic rats); where rats were injected subcutaneously with 75 mg L-NAME/ kg body weight/day beginning from 9th to 20th day of pregnancy andgroup 3 (apelin-13 treated preeclamptic rats); In which L-NAME-induced preeclamptic rats were subcutaneously injected with 6 × 10−8 mol apelin-13/kg body weight/twice daily starting from 6th to 20th day of pregnancy. In all groups, mean arterial blood pressure, total urine protein, serum urea, creatinine, nitric oxide (NO), endothelin-1 (ET-1), interleukin–6 (IL-6) and malondialdhyde (MDA) were measured. Histopathological examination of kidney tissues was also done. preeclamptic rats showed significantly increased mean arterial blood pressure, total urine proteins, serum urea, creatinine, ET-1, IL-6, and MDA, but revealed a significantly decreased serum NO level. On the other hand, apelin treatment significantly improved these parameters together with amelioration of kidney histoarchitecture in the treated group. In conclusion, apelin may be a potentially curative candidate for prohibiting kidney damage and have a therapeutic benefit in PE rat models.

scholarly journals High-Normal Arterial Blood Pressure in Children With Excess Body Weight

2016 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Malgorzata Kolpa ◽  
Agnieszka Jankowicz-Szymanska ◽  
Beata Jurkiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Arterial Blood Pressure ◽  
Excess Body Weight ◽  
Arterial Blood

scholarly journals His-Leu, an angiotensin I-derived peptide, does not affect haemodynamics in rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 147032031880887 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrian Drapała ◽  
Klaudia Bielińska ◽  
Piotr Konopelski ◽  
Leszek Pączek ◽  
Marcin Ufnal
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Arterial Blood Pressure ◽  
Haemodynamic Effects ◽  
Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Angiotensin I ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Freely Moving Rats ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Freely Moving

Introduction: The dipeptide histidine-leucine (His-Leu) is formed in the process of converting angiotensin I into angiotensin II. Several studies show that short peptides containing His-Leu may produce significant haemodynamic effects; however, to the best of our knowledge, data on haemodynamic effects of His-Leu are not available in medical databases. Materials and methods: We evaluated acute haemodynamic effects of intravenous administration of either 0.9% NaCl (vehicle) or His-Leu at a dose of 3–15 mg/kg body weight in anaesthetized 15–16-week-old, male, normotensive Wistar Kyoto and spontaneously hypertensive rats. Chronic effects of treatment with either the vehicle or His-Leu at a dose of 15 mg/kg body weight given subcutaneously daily were determined during continuous telemetry recordings in freely moving rats. Results: In anaesthetized rats both the vehicle and His-Leu produced a mild and transient increase in blood pressure and no change in plasma renin activity. There was no significant difference in haemodynamics between the rats infused with the vehicle and the rats infused with His-Leu. In chronic studies, seven-day treatment with vehicle and with His-Leu did not affect arterial blood pressure in freely moving rats. Conclusion: His-Leu does not produce either acute or chronic changes in arterial blood pressure in normotensive and hypertensive rats.

scholarly journals The Correlation Between Body Weight and Arterial Blood Pressure in 11 and 15 Years Old Children: Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 211-215
Author(s):  
Ksenia A. Eletskaya ◽  
Leyla S. Namazova-Baranova ◽  
Elena V. Kaytukova ◽  
Svetlana G. Makarova ◽  
Irina K. Filimonova
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
General Education ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Arterial Blood Pressure ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Randomised Study ◽  
Arterial Blood

Background. Children’s body weight is the predictor of pathologic elevation of arterial blood pressure (ABP) in adult life. The aim of the study is to divide the data on body weight and ABP in adolescents and to find correlations between them. Methods. The randomised study of 11 and 15 years old pupils from general education institutions was carried out. The 16 months research was executed in 9 different regions of the country (one region from every federal district and 5 schools (with juniors and seniors) in each were randomly selected). In addition to measurement of ABP (three times by Korotkov’s method) and body weight (using general bathroom scales) all children were examined by the group of pediatric specialists (pediatrician, gastroenterologist, allergologist, otolaryngologist, ophthalmologist, neurologist, psychologist, cognitive specialist, orthopedic traumatologists, nephrologist, ultrasound and laboratory diagnostic specialist).Results. The study included 1911 teenagers. The correlation (p<0,010 for all groups) between systolic/diastolic blood pressure and body weight was revealed in group of boys at the age of 11 (r=0,394/0,206) and 15 (r=0,231/0,185) years old and in group of girls of the same age age (r=0,330/0,227 and r=0.228/0.148 respectively). Conclusion. The significant correlation between body weight and levels of systolic and diastolic blood pressure in 11 and 15 years old children has been revealed.

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