scholarly journals Fauna edáfica e suas relações com atributos químicos, físicos e microbiológicos em Floresta de Araucária

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 242
Author(s):  
Jamil De Morais Pereira ◽  
Dilmar Baretta ◽  
Luís Carlos Iuñes Oliveira Filho ◽  
Carolina Riviera Duarte Maluche-Baretta ◽  
Elke Jurandy Bran Nogueira Cardoso
Keyword(s):  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Pitfall Traps ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Araucaria Angustifolia

A permanente cobertura vegetal do solo, em Florestas de Araucária, contribui na conservação de sua biodiversidade edáfica. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o potencial da fauna edáfica e das variáveis ambientais explicativas (físico-químicas e microbiológicas do solo) na discriminação de florestas com araucária nativa e reflorestada. Avaliaram-se florestas com Araucaria angustifolia nativa (NF) e reflorestada (RF) em três regiões distintas no estado de São Paulo, representando três repetições. Em cada área, 15 amostras de solo foram coletadas para avaliação dos atributos físicos, químicos e microbiológicos e, nos mesmos pontos, procedeu-se às coletas da fauna utilizando-se o método de armadilhas de queda (Pitfall traps). A fauna do solo foi influenciada pela sazonalidade, apresentando maior abundância de indivíduos no verão. Os grupos Collembola, Formicidae e Coleoptera foram os mais abundantes, independentemente da época de amostragem e tipo de floresta. A Análise de Componentes Principais (ACP) e Análise Canônica Discriminante (ACD) claramente diferenciaram as áreas de araucárias. Na ACP, Hemiptera, Collembola e Diplopoda ficaram associados à RF no inverno, principalmente pelos maiores valores de matéria seca da serapilheira. Já em NF, foram os grupos Orthoptera, Hymenoptera, Araneae e Coleoptera, explicados pela melhor qualidade do solo e da serapilheira. No verão, ficaram associados à NF, os grupos Formicidae, Hemiptera, Orthoptera, Araneae, Coleoptera e Collembola, explicados pelos maiores valores de CBM, Ca, P, C-org, macroporosidade e atividade de desidrogenase. Na ACD, a abundância de grupos taxonômicos foi o atributo da fauna edáfica mais importante para a discriminação das florestas. Da mesma forma, a umidade do solo, teor de P no solo, porosidade total e teor de S na serapilheira contribuíram na discriminação das florestas. A semelhança entre as áreas, em relação aos grupos da fauna edáfica, indica que está ocorrendo uma estabilidade das áreas reflorestadas comparável às nativas.

scholarly journals Crustacea, Isopoda, Oniscidea Latreille, 1802: new continent record and distribution extension in Brazil

Check List ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana Juventina Magrini ◽  
Paula Beatriz Araujo ◽  
Marcio Uehara-Prado
Keyword(s):  
Rio Grande ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
The State ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Pitfall Traps ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Undescribed Species ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Serra Do Mar ◽  
First Time

Terrestrial Isopods were sampled in four protected Atlantic Forest areas located in Serra do Mar, state of São Paulo, southeastern Brazil. A total of 2,217 individuals of six species (Atlantoscia sp., Benthana werneri, Pseudodiploexochus tabularis, Pudeoniscus obscurus, Styloniscus spinosus and Trichorhina sp.) were captured in pitfall traps. The exotic species S. spinosus is recorded for the first time for the Americas. Another introduced species, P. tabularis, previously recorded only from the state of Rio Grande do Sul, had its geographic distribution extended to the state of São Paulo. The most abundant isopods in this study belong to an undescribed species of Atlantoscia.

scholarly journals Dependência micorrízica de Araucaria Angustifolia (Bert.) O. Ktze. sob doses de fósforo

2002 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 905-912 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Moreira-Souza ◽  
E. J. B. N. Cardoso
Keyword(s):  
Glomus Intraradices ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Araucaria Angustifolia ◽  
Gigaspora Rosea

Este trabalho teve como objetivos determinar a dependência micorrízica de plantas de Araucaria angustifolia, sob diferentes doses de P, e acompanhar o desenvolvimento do hospedeiro e do endófito após a inoculação. O experimento foi realizado em condições de casa de vegetação, em delineamento inteiramente casualizado num esquema fatorial 4 x 4, sendo: três espécies de fungos micorrízicos arbusculares (FMA) (Glomus intraradices, Gigaspora rosea e uma mistura de FMAs nativos, provenientes de mata de araucária em Campos do Jordão, no estado de São Paulo, e um controle sem FMA, com quatro doses de P no substrato (0, 20, 50 e 150 mg kg-1 de P na forma de KH2PO4), com cinco repetições. Avaliaram-se a matéria seca da parte aérea e raiz, a taxa de colonização radicular, o número de esporos no solo e os teores de nutrientes presentes na parte aérea da planta. Concluiu-se que a Araucaria angustifolia é planta micotrófica e tem dependência micorrízica até a dose de 150 mg kg-1 de P, sendo a taxa de colonização radicular e esporulação variáveis com a espécie de FMA. A espécie Gigaspora rosea é indicada para baixos teores de P no solo e Glomus intraradices para teores mais elevados, enquanto os FMAs nativos são benéficos ao crescimento da araucária em qualquer teor de P. Independentemente da espécie de FMA, as plantas micorrizadas apresentaram maiores concentrações de P e menores de N e K que as não micorrizadas.

scholarly journals Chemical and biochemical properties of Araucaria angustifolia (Bert.) Ktze. forest soils in the state of São Paulo

2012 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 1189-1202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernanda de Carvalho ◽  
Fatima Maria de Souza Moreira ◽  
Elke Jurandy Bran Nogueira Cardoso
Keyword(s):  
Anthropogenic Disturbance ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Sampling Period ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Biochemical Properties ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Araucaria Angustifolia

Araucaria angustifolia, commonly named Araucaria, is a Brazilian native species that is intensively exploited due to its timber quality. Therefore, Araucaria is on the list of species threatened by extinction. Despite the importance of soil for forest production, little is known about the soil properties of the highly fragmented Araucaria forests. This study was designed to investigate the use of chemical and biological properties as indicators of conservation and anthropogenic disturbance of Araucaria forests in different sampling periods. The research was carried out in two State parks of São Paulo: Parque Estadual Turístico do Alto do Ribeira and Parque Estadual de Campos de Jordão. The biochemical properties carbon and nitrogen in microbial biomass (MB-C and MB-N), basal respiration (BR), the metabolic quotient (qCO2) and the following enzyme activities: β-glucosidase, urease, and fluorescein diacetate hydrolysis (FDA) were evaluated. The sampling period (dry or rainy season) influenced the results of mainly MB-C, MB-N, BR, and qCO2. The chemical and biochemical properties, except K content, were sensitive indicators of differences in the conservation and anthropogenic disturbance stages of Araucaria forests. Although these forests differ in biochemical and chemical properties, they are efficient in energy use and conservation, which is shown by their low qCO2, suggesting an advanced stage of succession.

scholarly journals Faunistic analysis of Carabidae and Staphylinidae (Coleoptera) in five agroecosystems in northeastern São Paulo state, Brazil

2009 ◽  
Vol 44 (8) ◽  
pp. 954-958 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Jorge Cividanes ◽  
José Carlos Barbosa ◽  
Sérgio Ide ◽  
Nelson Wanderlei Perioto ◽  
Rogéria Inês Rosa Lara
Keyword(s):  
Similarity Index ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Pitfall Traps ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Forest Fragment ◽  
Point Scale ◽  
Paulo State ◽  
São Paulo State ◽  
Orange Orchard ◽  
Forest Boundary

The objective of this study was to determined species composition and community structure of Carabidae and Staphylinidae in five areas of forest fragment and soybean/corn crops or orange orchard, from December 2004 to May 2007. Beetles were captured in pitfall traps distributed along two parallel transects of 200 m in length, placed across crop land/forest boundary fragment, with 100 m each. The Shannon-Wiener diversity and evenness indexes and Morisita similarity index were calculated. The carabids Abaris basistriatus Chaudoir, Calosoma granulatum Perty, Megacephala brasiliensis Kirby, Odontochila nodicornis (Dejean) and Selenophorus seriatoporus Putzeys. are dominant and are widely distributed in northeastern São Paulo state, Brazil. Point-scale species diversity was greatest at the transition between forest fragment and cultivated area. The carabid and staphylinid communities of the forest fragment were more similar to the community of orange orchard than that of soybean/corn crops.

scholarly journals Relationships between microbial activity and soil physical and chemical properties in native and reforested Araucaria angustifolia forests in the state of São Paulo, Brazil

2013 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 572-586 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jamil de Morais Pereira ◽  
Dilmar Baretta ◽  
Daniel Bini ◽  
Rafael L. de F. Vasconcellos ◽  
Elke Jurandy Bran Nogueira Cardoso
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Total Porosity ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Basal Respiration ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
The State ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Araucaria Angustifolia ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Araucaria angustifolia (Bert.) O. Kuntze is the main component of the Mixed Ombrophilous forest and, in the State of São Paulo, it is associated with a high diversity of soil organisms, essential for the maintenance of soil quality, making the conservation of this ecosystem a major and pressing challenge. The objective of this study was to identify the physical and chemical properties that are most closely correlated with dehydrogenase enzyme activity, basal respiration and microbial biomass under native (NF) and replanted (RF) Araucaria angustifolia forests in three regions of the state of São Paulo, in winter and summer. The main differentiating factors between the areas were also determined. Each forest was represented by three true replications; at each site, from around the araucaria trees, 15 soil samples (0-20 cm) were collected to evaluate the soil physical, chemical and microbiological properties. At the same points, forest litter was sampled to assess mass and chemical properties. The following microbiological properties were evaluated: microbial biomass carbon (MBC), basal respiration (CO2-C), metabolic quotient (Q: CO2), dehydrogenase enzyme activity (DHA) as well as the physical properties (moisture, bulk density, macroporosity and total porosity), soil chemical properties [pH, organic carbon (org-C), P, Ca, K, Mg, Al, H+Al], litter dry mass, and C, N and S contents. The data were subjected to analysis of variance (TWO-WAY: ANOVA). A Canonical Discriminant Analysis (CDA) and a Canonical Correlation Analysis (CCA) were also performed. In the soil under NF, the values of K, P, soil macroporosity, and litter dry mass were higher and Q: CO2 and DHA lower, regardless of the sampling period, and DHA was lower in winter. In the RF areas, the levels of moisture, porosity and Q: CO2 were higher in both sampling periods, and DHA was higher in winter. The MBC was only higher under NF in the summer, while the litter contents of C, N and S were greater in winter. In winter, CCA showed a high correlation of DHA with CO2-C, pH and H+Al, while in the summer org-C, moisture, Mg, pH and litter C were more associated with DHA and CO2-C. The CDA indicated H+Al, available P, total porosity, litter S content, and soil moisture as the most discriminating variables between NF and RF, but moisture was the most relevant, in both seasons and CO2-C only in winter. The combined analysis of CCA and CDA showed that the contribution of the microbiological variables to a differentiation of the areas was small at both samplings, which may indicate that the period after reforestation was long enough to allow an almost complete recovery of the microbial activity.

scholarly journals Three new species of Mesabolivar (Aranea, Pholcidae) from leaf litter in urban environments in the city of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil

2007 ◽  
Vol 97 (2) ◽  
pp. 168-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Éwerton O. Machado ◽  
Antonio D. Brescovit ◽  
David F. Candiani ◽  
Bernhard A. Huber
Keyword(s):  
Urban Forest ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Metropolitan Region ◽  
Pitfall Traps ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Forest Remnants ◽  
Three New Species ◽  
The City

In this study we describe three new litter inhabiting species of Mesabolivar González-Sponga, 1998 from nine urban forest remnants in the metropolitan region of the city of São Paulo, Brazil: M. forceps, M. mairyara and M. cavicelatus. In three of these remnants, we conduced a three year sampling using pitfall traps. Mesabolivar forceps sp. nov. was the most abundant pholcid (n=273 adults), always present in the samples, but with highest numbers in spring and summer. Mesabolivar mairyara sp. nov. was the second most abundant species (n=32), but the majority of individuals were collected in March 2001. Only three individuals of M. cavicelatus sp. nov. were collected.

scholarly journals Anurans of the sandy coastal plains of the Lagamar Paulista, state of São Paulo, Brazil

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 251-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliana Zina ◽  
Cynthia Peralta de Almeida Prado ◽  
Cinthia Aguirre Brasileiro ◽  
Célio Fernando Baptista Haddad
Keyword(s):  
Oceanic Islands ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Pitfall Traps ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Coastal Plains ◽  
Historical Process ◽  
Paulo State ◽  
Island Effect ◽  
Continental Islands ◽  
Study Sites

Insular habitats are considered ideal for biogeographic studies, as they represent almost closed habitats with known formation timelines. Although São Paulo state in Brazil has a large number of continental and oceanic islands, few studies have examined the composition of the fauna in each locality. These studies are crucial to determine the community structure and to make biogeographic and phylogenetic inferences. From February 2007 to January 2009, we surveyed the anuran community of sandy coastal plains in four municipalities of the Lagamar Paulista: Cananéia, Ilha Comprida, Iguape and Pariquera-Açu, in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. This region is located in the Cananéia-Iguape estuary complex, comprising three continental islands: Ilha de Cananéia, Ilha Comprida, and Ilha do Cardoso, and the continental portions adjacent to these islands in the municipalities of Iguape and Pariquera-Açu. Through the use of pitfall traps and active search, we registered a total of 32 anuran species: 17 in Ilha Comprida, 21 in Ilha de Cananéia, 26 in Ilha do Cardoso, 27 in Iguape, and 23 in Pariquera-Açu. The analysis of the richness indices of the study sites revealed higher values in continental areas. This result is very common in comparative studies between islands and continents. This may be caused by an island effect and may reveal the historical process of island formation in the Lagamar. Our findings provide important information for identifying patterns of amphibian distribution in insular areas of the São Paulo coast, and for examining how events of marine transgression and regression have affected the local amphibian communities.

scholarly journals Diversity of harvestmen (Arachnida, Opiliones) in Parque da Onça Parda, southeastern Brazil

2012 ◽  
Vol 102 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonardo P. A. Resende ◽  
Ricardo Pinto-da-Rocha ◽  
Cibele Bragagnolo
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Geographic Location ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Mountain Range ◽  
Pitfall Traps ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Forest Communities ◽  
Paulo State ◽  
Animal Activity

The environment most diverse in harvestmen species is the Atlantic Forest of São Paulo. However, there remains a lack of studies regarding their communities in certain regions. Among these regions is one south of the Paranapiacaba mountain range in the state of São Paulo, the Parque da Onça Parda (POP). Through nocturnal collections and pitfall traps, the region's harvestmen community has been studied. The observed richness of this site included 27 species, with dominance of three species: Holcobunus nigripalpis Roewer, 1910, Neosadocus maximus (Giltay, 1928) and Munequita sp., accounting for 68.4% of harvestmen abundance. This makes the diversity of POP more similar to the semideciduous Atlantic Forest communities of the interior than to those of the Coastal Atlantic Forest that contains the park. Its geographic location places it within the Southern São Paulo State (SSP) area of endemism, along with the Parque Turístico do Alto Ribeira (PETAR), with which it shares up to 12% similarity regarding harvestmen fauna. Richness and abundance of harvestmen were positively related to temperature and humidity. The period of animal activity (as measured by abundance and richness) varied throughout the night, being highest in the early hours during both studied seasons (summer and winter).

scholarly journals Distribuição de Leptasthenura setaria (Temminck, 1824) (Aves: Furnariidae) no Estado de São Paulo

2007 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 201-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexsander Zamorano Antunes ◽  
Herculano Alvarenga ◽  
Luís Fábio Silveira ◽  
Marilda Rapp de Eston ◽  
Gisela Vianna Menezes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Araucaria Angustifolia

O grimpeiro Leptasthenura setaria é totalmente dependente do pinheiro-do-paraná Araucaria angustifolia e considerado quase ameaçado de extinção pela IUCN. Apresentam-se sete novas localidades de ocorrência do grimpeiro para o Estado de São Paulo, incluindo os primeiros espécimes coletados dentro dos seus limites. A espécie foi encontrada tanto em pinheiros-do-paraná nativos quanto em plantados e está presente em cinco unidades de proteção integral.

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