Spatial structure of national administrative division’s systems

2020 ◽  
pp. 63-74
Author(s):  
S.A. Tarkhov ◽  
A.A. Korolev
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Structure ◽  
Topological Structure ◽  
Average Distance ◽  
Topological Complexity ◽  
Topological Center ◽  
Spatial Parameters ◽  
Parallel Connections ◽  
Transportation Routes ◽  
Territorial Division ◽  
National Systems

The spatial parameters of systems of administrative-territorial division (ATD) are considered: contact number (neighbors number), transportation permeability (average distance between neighbor intersection of administrative border by transportation routes), shapes of administrative-territorial units (some indices, including Morton index), graph theoretical indexes of Karel Kansky described the peculiarities of topological structures of ATD systems (connectivity and form). Main concepts of graph theory which are applied to describe the level of spatial (topological) complexity of ATD network are explained in detail: vertices, edges, circuit (closed round), vertices degree, topological center, circuital framework, topological tier. The technique of assignment of topological tiers in the circuital framework of ATD-system for the analysis of spatial structure of its network for 1st level of hierarchy of 9 nations is applied. Maximal number of topological tiers – 20 – for ATD system on 2nd level hierarchy is revealed on the example of the system of counties of U.S.A. The variation of numbers of topological tiers depending on the level of hierarchy of ATD is shown in the case of Spain: 2 – for 1st level hierarchy, 3 – for 2nd, 7 – for 3th, 24 – for 4th. 5 types of topological structure of national systems of ATD are distinguished: compact roundish, compact, elongated with particular distensions, elongated with parallel connections, linearly elongated with truncated circuital framework.

The Role of the Land Layout Parameters and Production Efficiency in the Evaluation and Shaping of the Spatial Structure of Land

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacek Gniadek ◽  
Robert Szewczyk ◽  
Izabela Piech
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Structure ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Surface Element ◽  
Southern Poland ◽  
Applied Technology ◽  
Ground System ◽  
Spatial Parameters ◽  
Basic Features ◽  
The Village

The article contains the results of the plots layout research in the farms of the selected object in the southern Poland. The basic surface element adopted for the research, were continuous parts of the registry plots covered by one form of use. To carry out tests on such a large number of plots specialized computer programs used, which use data from the digital cadastral map and the descriptive part of the land and buildings registry documentation kept in digital system. The applied technology allowed obtaining more than 70 features, characterizing each analyzed plot. Detailed studies included the 15 basic features of plots layout, first four of which determine the spatial parameters of the plot, three features relate to the estimated costs of cultivation dependent on its layout, the next two describe the location of the plot in the village and in the farm, and the last five characterize the farm, that owns the plot. The obtained result allowed the identification of positive and negative aspects of the tested ground system indicating the necessary changes in terms of its improvement.

Observations of the spatial structure of interstellar hydrogen

1967 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 45-46
Author(s):  
Carl Heiles
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Spatial Structure ◽  
Velocity Dispersion ◽  
Temperature Variations

High-resolution 21-cm line observations in a region aroundlII= 120°,b11= +15°, have revealed four types of structure in the interstellar hydrogen: a smooth background, large sheets of density 2 atoms cm-3, clouds occurring mostly in groups, and ‘Cloudlets’ of a few solar masses and a few parsecs in size; the velocity dispersion in the Cloudlets is only 1 km/sec. Strong temperature variations in the gas are in evidence.

On the Location of Quiescent Prominences with Respect to Coronal Holes

1979 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 209-213
Author(s):  
B. Rompolt
Keyword(s):  
Coronal Hole ◽  
Average Distance ◽  
Coronal Holes

The aim of this contribution is to turn attention to a peculiarity of location of the filaments (quiescent prominences) with respect to the boundaries of the coronal holes. It is generally known that quiescent prominences are located at some distance from the boundary of coronal holes. My intention was to check whether the average distance between the nearest border of a coronal hole and the prominence is comparable to the average horizontal extension of a helmet structure overlying the prominence. As well as, whether this average distance depends upon the orientation of the long axis of the prominence with respect to the nearest boundary of the coronal hole.

Results of Spatial Structure of Atmosphere Radiation in a Spectral Range (1.5–2) µm Research

2018 ◽  
pp. 7-13
Author(s):  
Anton M. Mishchenko ◽  
Sergei S. Rachkovsky ◽  
Vladimir A. Smolin ◽  
Igor V . Yakimenko
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Structure ◽  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Wavelength Range ◽  
Spectral Range ◽  
Near Ir ◽  
Optoelectronic Systems ◽  
Aerial Vehicle

Results of experimental studying radiation spatial structure of atmosphere background nonuniformities and of an unmanned aerial vehicle being the detection object are presented. The question on a possibility of its detection using optoelectronic systems against the background of a cloudy field in the near IR wavelength range is also considered.

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