scholarly journals Sampling and fieldwork practices in Europe: Analysis of methodological documentation from 1,537 surveys in five cross-national projects, 1981-2017

Methodology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 186-207
Author(s):  
Piotr Jabkowski ◽  
Marta Kołczyńska
Keyword(s):  
Survey Data ◽  
National Survey ◽  
Comparative Analyses ◽  
National Surveys ◽  
Samples And Sampling ◽  
Survey Methodologies ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Cross National

This article addresses the comparability of sampling and fieldwork with an analysis of methodological data describing 1,537 national surveys from five major comparative cross-national survey projects in Europe carried out in the period from 1981 to 2017. We describe the variation in the quality of the survey documentation, and in the survey methodologies themselves, focusing on survey procedures with respect to: 1) sampling frames, 2) types of survey samples and sampling designs, 3) within-household selection of target persons in address-based samples, 4) fieldwork execution and 5) fieldwork outcome rates. Our results show substantial differences in sample designs and fieldwork procedures across survey projects, as well as changes within projects over time. This variation invites caution when selecting data for analysis. We conclude with recommendations regarding the use of information about the survey process to select existing survey data for comparative analyses.

Unemployment Insurance

2021 ◽  
pp. 572-588
Author(s):  
Ola Sjöberg ◽  
Eero Carroll ◽  
Joakim Palme
Keyword(s):  
Unemployment Insurance ◽  
Labour Supply ◽  
Welfare States ◽  
First Century ◽  
Macroeconomic Stabilization ◽  
Political Conflicts ◽  
Institutional Differences ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Cross National

Unemployment is one of the ‘old risks’ that modern welfare states can be seen to have responded to, but continues to be of great importance in the twenty-first century. Unemployment insurance also appears to be more ridden by political conflicts than other social policy programmes. This chapter describes the evolution of unemployment insurance schemes in eighteen long-standing welfare states. It dates the emergence of the first laws and traces the expansion of the coverage and replacement levels of benefits during the ‘Golden Age’ to more recent periods marked by economic crisis and retrenchment in the quality of unemployment protection. Four models of unemployment insurance are identified: voluntary state-subsidized, targeted, state corporatist, and comprehensive schemes. These models sum up institutional differences that are important for understanding the cross-national variation in a broad set of outcomes—ranging from individual conditions and behaviours, such as poverty and labour supply, to macroeconomic stabilization. The quality of unemployment insurance contributes to explain, among other things, differences in poverty rates over time and among nations.

East Asian Social Survey (EASS), Cross-National Survey Data Sets: Culture and Globalization in East Asia, 2008

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying-Hwa Chang (TSCS) ◽  
Noriko Iwai (JGSS) ◽  
Lulu Li (CGSS) ◽  
Sang-Wook Kim (KGSS)
Keyword(s):  
East Asia ◽  
Survey Data ◽  
National Survey ◽  
East Asian ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Social Survey ◽  
Cross National

Composition of the City Block and the Cognitive Region of the Resident in the Historical City of Tokyo

2020 ◽  
Vol 103 ◽  
pp. 27-35
Author(s):  
Shichun Zong ◽  
Hirotomo Ohuchi
Keyword(s):  
Urban Environment ◽  
Survey Data ◽  
Change Process ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Environmental Perception ◽  
Information Networks ◽  
City Block ◽  
The City ◽  
Over Time

Due to the development of communication information networks in contemporary cities, and without the interconnection of space units, the quality of the overall urban environment is declining. Simultaneously, the awareness of people sharing such an environment is being lost. In this paper, we address Tsukishima, Tsukuda, Higashiueno, and Tsukiji areas in the historical city of Edo-Tokyo. investigate the district blocks and the environmental recognition of the residents to clarify how cognitive region coalesces as space. The results of our analysis show that the cognitive region will shift from the area where residents live due to the passage of time. There is some concern that the awareness of sharing in the area is decreasing. Based on survey data conducted in 1996 and 2011· 2012, the area of Tsukishima, Tsukiji, Tsukuda, and Higashiueno from the analysis of the resident's environmental perception to evaluate the change process over time, and it was possible to clarify the spread and change of the composition of environmental recognition of residents in historical urban areas (Downtown).

The effects of exposure time on tackiness and rheology of solder paste

1998 ◽  
Vol 212 (7) ◽  
pp. 517-524 ◽  
Author(s):  
I K Hui ◽  
B Ralph
Keyword(s):  
Shear Rate ◽  
Exposure Time ◽  
Power Law ◽  
Linear Dependence ◽  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Surface Mount Technology ◽  
Solder Paste ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Selection Of

The quality of printing and reflow in surface mount technology depends very much on the selection of a solder paste with suitable tackiness and rheology. A series of studies has been conducted to find out the effects of exposure time of the solder paste on its tackiness and rheology. A qualitative method was designed for tackiness analysis. The results of the analysis show that tackiness decreases as exposure time increases and their relationship can be expressed by a power law. It is recommended that the values of the characteristic constants in the power law should be provided as part of the solder paste specification to facilitate calculation of the decay in tackiness over time by the user. The Malcom system was used to investigate rheology changes of the solder paste. Based on the solder paste used for the investigation, it was found that the viscosity increases with exposure time and becomes stable at about 2 h. On a log—log scale plot the viscosity and shear rate have a linear dependence on time of exposure for all solder pastes, and their thixotropy indices remain almost unchanged. However, the non-recovery rate, used for measuring the recovery ability of the solder paste, decreases rapidly in the first 40 min of exposure and then remains almost unchanged.

scholarly journals UPAYA PENGENDALIAN MUTU HARUM MANIS BAKERY DALAM MENCIPTAKAN KEPUASAN PELANGGAN

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dwita Dharma Prastiwi ◽  
Intan Septiana Sari
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Customer Satisfaction ◽  
Small Business ◽  
Research Methods ◽  
Qualitative Research Methods ◽  
Determination Method ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Selection Of

Harum Manis is a bakery (bakery) located in Pringsewu, Lampung. This bakery has been established since the 1990's. This business started from a very small business, then over time and the growing innovation issued by Harum Manis Bakery makes this business growing and progressing. In addition, the thing that makes this store survive is the quality and service provided. Harum Manis always put quality in every product. So do not be surprised if this business still survive for more than 20 years. The purpose of this study is to analyze how the Harum Manis Bakery effort in maintaining the quality of its products for customer satisfaction. Based on sample determination method, the sample used is three respondents. From the results of analyzes conducted the quality of Harum Manis Bakery provided starting from the selection of materials, equipment used, cleanliness, price and taste significantly affect customer satisfaction. This study used qualitative research methods.

Using Cognitive Interviews to Guide Questionnaire Construction for Cross-National Crime Surveys

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Farrall
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Structures ◽  
Cognitive Interviewing ◽  
Cognitive Interviews ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
Intended Meaning ◽  
National Surveys ◽  
Conceptual Equivalence ◽  
Questionnaire Construction ◽  
Cross National

What is a “snowball”? For some, a snowball is a drink made of advocaat and lemonade; for others, a mix of heroin and cocaine injected; for yet others, a handful of packed snow commonly thrown at objects or people; for gamblers, it refers to a cash prize that accumulates over successive games; for social scientists, it is a form of sampling. There are other uses for the term in the stock market and further historical usages that refer to stealing things from washing lines or that are racist. Clearly then, different people in different contexts and different times will have used the term “snowball” to refer to various activities or processes. Problems like this—whereby a particular word or phrase may have various meanings or may be interpreted variously—are just one of the issues for which cognitive interviews can offer insights (and possible solutions). Cognitive interviews can also help researchers designing surveys to identify problems with mistranslation of words, or near-translations that do not quite convey the intended meaning. They are also useful for ensuring that terms are understood in the same way by all sections of society, and that they can be used to assess the degree to which organizational structures are similar in different countries (not all jurisdictions have traffic police, for example). They can also assess conceptual equivalence. Among the issues explored here are the following: • What cognitive interviews are • The background to their development • Why they might be used in cross-national crime and victimization surveys • Some of the challenges associated with cross-national surveys • Ways cognitive interviews can help with these challenges • Different approaches to cognitive interviewing (and the advantages of each) • How to undertake cognitive interviews • A “real-world” example of a cognitive interviewing exercise • Whether different probing styles make any difference to the quality of the data derived.

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