scholarly journals Visual Aspects of Intercultural Technical Communication: A Cognitive Scientific and Semiotic Point of View

2008 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 154-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanna Risku ◽  
Richard Pircher
Keyword(s):  
Participant Observation ◽  
Extended Period ◽  
Translation Studies ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Visual Elements ◽  
Technical Translation ◽  
Visual Dimension ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Empirical Field

Abstract This article presents a cognitive scientific view of the role of verbal and visual aspects in the translation of technical texts. The semiotic differentiation between symbols and icons is discussed from both the cognitive scientific and the translation studies perspectives. The article refers to the definition of text as a unit of communication (and translation) that includes both verbal and visual aspects and thus emphasises the function of the visual dimension in translation. The theoretical discussion is related to professional practices in the modern translation workplace: through its discussion of the results of a recent empirical field study based on participant observation over an extended period of time in a translation agency, the present research seeks to determine the extent to which the visual dimension can be taken into account in technical translation. In particular, the results point to the consequences of the use of translation technologies (translation memories, translation management systems, localisation software, etc.) in the modern translation workplace. The dominance of the verbal aspect induced by the use of some such technologies can make it increasingly difficult for translators to pay attention to the visual elements in translation. This stresses the importance of the inclusion of courses on the critical and professional use of translation technologies within translation studies programmes.

scholarly journals A Translator’s Wanderings in TranslationStudiesWorld

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 79-99
Author(s):  
Brian Mossop
Keyword(s):  
Applied Linguistics ◽  
Translation Studies ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Canadian Government ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Object Of Study

This semi-autobiographical article reflects on the discipline known as Translation Studies from the point of view of the author, who was a full-time Canadian government translator from 1974 to 2014, but also taught and wrote about translation. The narrative begins with the emergence of Translation Studies in Canada and in Europe and continues through the present neoliberal era, with reflection on a variety of topics including the English name of the discipline, the lack of definition of an object of study, the original role of the journal Meta, and the notion of translation as applied linguistics. The last section considers two fictive scenarios in which Translation Studies does not emerge, and translation is studied, right from the start, in ways much more closely linked to the translation profession, with a focus on translators rather than translations, and therefore on translational production rather than the analysis of completed translations.

The Limit Situation And The Narrative Of War (On The Material Of The Novel “My Lieutenant” By Daniil Granin)

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 90-104
Author(s):  
Anatoly S. Kuprin ◽  
Galina I. Danilina
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Continuous Limit ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Term Limit ◽  
Abstract Author ◽  
The Third ◽  
Definition Of

The purpose of this study is the analysis of limit situation in the narrative of war. The material of the study is the novel of Daniil Granin “My Lieutenant” and related texts. In the first part of the paper, the authors explore existing approaches to the term “limit situation” and similar concepts into scientific and philosophical traditions; limits of its applicability in literary studies and its relation to the categories of “narrative instances” and “event”. Proposed a literary-theoretical definition of the limit situation, which can be used in the analysis of fiction texts. Existing approaches to the examination of the situation of war are analyzed: philosophical-existential, psychoanalytic, sociological, literary. In the second part of the paper, the authors propose their method for analyzing limit situations in texts about war, which basis on existing approaches and preserves the text-centric principle of studying the structure of the story. Two interrelated areas of research have been identified: the study of war as a continuous limit situation in the intertextual aspect (the discourse of war); the study of limit situations (death, suffering, guilt, accident) in the narrative of war as part of a specific text. In the third part of the scientific work,the analysis of war as a continuous limit situation results in the study of the concept of “limit” (border) in a fiction text. The role of “limit” (border) concept in the texts about the war is studied, the possible types of limits in the discourse of war are examined. Limit situations in the narrative of war are analyzed on the basis of the novel “My Lieutenant” by Daniil Granin. A review of journalistic and scientific works about the novel revealed both the continuity and the differences between the novel and the “lieutenant” prose of the 20th century. An analysis of the limit situations in the novel revealed their key position in the narrative. These situations are independent of the fiction time, of the fluctuation of the point of view’; the function of the abstract author is to build the narrative as a “directive” immersion of the hero and narrator in these situations.

scholarly journals Towards a Scientific Definition of App Marketing – A Practice-Oriented Approach Using Scientific and Grey Literature

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-25
Author(s):  
Atilla Wohllebe ◽  
Mario Hillmers
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Apps ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Mobile App ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Practical Point ◽  
Gray Literature ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Job Ads ◽  
Oriented Approach

The relevance of smartphones and mobile apps has increased significantly in recent years. Increasingly, companies are trying to use mobile apps for their business purposes. Accordingly, the role of app marketing has become more important. Nevertheless, there is no uniform understanding of the term "app marketing". Based on scientific and gray literature, two definitions of "app marketing" are developed. In the narrower sense, app marketing refers to measures aimed at making a mobile app better known and acquiring users i. e. generating app downloads. In the broader sense, app marketing refers to all activities that are used to acquire users for a mobile app, contact them, and encourage them to reach a specified goal. Additionally, based on job ads, an overview of activities in app marketing is provided from a practical point of view. Here, the focus is primarily on paid app install campaigns as well as on monitoring, reporting and analytics.

The Mathematical Model for Studying Bearing Reliability Unconventional Treated

2013 ◽  
Vol 371 ◽  
pp. 606-611
Author(s):  
Mirela Gheorghian ◽  
Gheorghe Simionescu
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Ultrasonic Field ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Cold Plastic Deformation ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Bearing Steels ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Mathematical Model

The reliability reprezents the main criterion, which imposes itself in the definition of the reliability and the competition of the bearins. The rotation precision and the functional role of the bearings are realized if is a good dimensional stability and proper mechanical properties during the running. To fulfill these conditions it is necessary to establish the technological parameters of the processes of primary heat treatment, hot or cold plastic deformation, intermediate heat treatment, mechanical processing, final heat treatment below 0°C or in ultrasonic field. The comparative evaluation of different variants of heat treatment classic or nonconventional (cryogenic or ultrasonic) which are applied on bearing steels from the point of view of reliability have revealed significant increases of the values of real and median reliability for non-conventional heat treated steels, [.

scholarly journals Electrification of Urban Three-Wheeler Taxis in Tanzania: Combining the User’s Perspective and Technical Feasibility Challenges

2021 ◽  
pp. 97-112
Author(s):  
Mirko Goletz ◽  
Daniel Ehebrecht ◽  
Christian Wachter ◽  
Deborah Tolk ◽  
Barbara Lenz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Data ◽  
Field Work ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Charging Infrastructure ◽  
Taxi Drivers ◽  
Quantitative Data Analysis ◽  
The City ◽  
Vehicle Market ◽  
Empirical Field

AbstractThis study assesses the feasibility of electric three-wheelers as moto-taxis in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania from a socioeconomic and technical point of view. The analysis is based on three pillars: (i) the acceptance of users (the moto-taxi drivers) for adoption, (ii) the vehicle specifications incl. battery type and size, and (iii) the role of the charging infrastructure. Findings are based on data from empirical field-work; methods used are qualitative and quantitative data analysis and modelling. Main findings include that moto-taxi drivers, who we see as most important adopters, are open towards electric mobility. They request however that vehicles should have similar driving characteristics than their current fuel-vehicles. As the market is very price sensitive, keeping the vehicle cost is of high importance. A high potential to lower these costs is seen by offering opportunity charging spots around the city. If such an infrastructure is being implemented the combination with suitable, cost competitive vehicles makes the transformation of the vehicle market towards electrification possible.

scholarly journals General education role of foreign language teaching in General education schools and higher educational institutions

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-30
Author(s):  
Natalya Bashlueva ◽  
Mariya Bashlueva
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
General Education ◽  
Language Teaching ◽  
General Purpose ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Foreign Languages ◽  
Educational Role ◽  
Language Communication ◽  
Definition Of

the article deals with the directions in the methodology of teaching foreign language to students of secondary schools and cadets and students of educational organizations of the Ministry of internal Affairs. The issue of the General educational role of teaching foreign languages is discussed. Attention is paid to the discussion of the point of view of some Methodists about the place and role of the theoretical and descriptive aspect of teaching. Proponents of this theory believe that this aspect is the essence of the General educational function of language teaching, and sometimes argue that it should be considered as the main content of learning and its main purpose. In the existing methodological concepts, two points deserve the sharpest criticism: the wrong understanding of the General educational meaning of foreign languages and the resulting erroneous definition of the content and essence of teaching. Ready-made signs of a language, its systems of elements and structures can and should be studied separately as the sum of phenomena and facts of language in the corresponding theoretical courses; but specific types of communicative activity are always mastered, where the "lexical", "grammatical" and "phonetic" aspects appear in an indissoluble organic unity, because not only in any act of language communication, but also in any sign of a sound language, there are both "vocabulary", "grammar", and "phonetics". From the General purpose of teaching a foreign language at school, it follows that it cannot be reduced to the development of any one type of communication activity (for example, reading or speaking), since this would unacceptably narrow the practical value of learning; the school should lay the Foundation for using all four main types: speaking, listening, reading to oneself and writing.

scholarly journals Writers as Leaders of Nation: Typological Convergence of I. Franko and P. Kulish

2019 ◽  
pp. 14-29
Author(s):  
Yevhen Nakhlik
Keyword(s):  
State Building ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Creative Work ◽  
Late Period ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
Age Related ◽  
The Social ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Right

The article draws a parallel between P. Kulish’s and I. Franko’s disposition to the age-related ideological autorevision. It is argued that, experiencing evolution of the worldview and creative work, revising his own early radical social impulses caused by the ‘national radical stage’ (Franko’s definition) of liberation movement in Halychyna, mature Franko in 1896 – 1907 got closer to the views of P. Kulish, especially those of the late period of his life (1874 – 1897). Like the latter, Franko defended the right to worldview evolution and changing views. These typological coincidences consisted also in the movement from the center-left forces to the right-centered ones; the transition to the primacy of the national idea over the social one; the drastic national self-criticism and simultaneous emphasis on the nation-building and state-building; gradual reorientation from the idea of social revolutionary development of society to evolutionary progress and moderate “means and ways of acting and speaking” (as Franko called it); the warnings against admiring communist illusion, against ochlocracy; and, finally, in the focus on the leading role of the nationally conscious Ukrainian intellectuals in the liberation struggle. Ideological and formal parallels between Franko and Kulish were revealed not only in the letters and journalism, but also in Franko’s practice of grounding his works on the materials of the national, biblical and Christian history and mythology (i. e. literary historicism and mythologism, focused on the present, the future and the author’s personality; symbolic autobiography). From this point of view it is worth to compare:  “Pisnia Budushchyny” (“Song of Future”) – “Try Braty” (“Three Brothers”); “Pokhoron” (“Funeral”), “Ivan Vyshenskyi” – “Velyki Provody” (“Great Farewell Procession”), “Marusia Bohuslavka”, “Dramovana Trylohiia” (“Drama-like Trilogy”); “Moisei” (“Moses”) – “Mahomet i Khadyza” (“Muhammad and Hadiza”), “Duma-Perestoroha, Velmy na Potomni Chasy Potribna” (“Warning Refl ections that will be Needed in Future”); “Strashnyi Sud” (“The Last Judgement”) – “Kulish u Pekli” (“Kulish in Hell”); “Slavianska Oda” (“Slavic Ode”) – “Tsarski Slova” (“Royal Words”).

scholarly journals Dostoevsky - Strakhov - Tolstoy: Toward to the Story of One Conflict

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-88
Author(s):  
Svetlana M. Klimova
Keyword(s):  
Philosophical Anthropology ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Direct Relation ◽  
Religious Thought ◽  
Dual Nature ◽  
Interpersonal Conflicts ◽  
Fyodor Dostoevsky ◽  
Religious Consciousness ◽  
Definition Of

The well-known epistolary conflict between Fyodor Dostoevsky and Nikolai Strakhov over the latter's slander of the great Russian writer's terrible sins is considered in the article from the point of view a philosophical anthropology and relations not two but between three participants of this story: Dostoyevsky, Strakhov and Tolstoy. This conflict is presented through anthropological, existential, and class prisms of description, based on a reconstruction of Strakhov's concept of man as a controversial, dual, and undefined being reflected in Dostoevsky's work. A direct relation between the definition of the dual nature of man in the works of Strakhov and Dostoevsky and interpersonal conflicts within "boundary forms of literature" is substantiated. Special attention is paid to the class of seminarians, the object of Dostoevsky's targeted criticism. He saw their worst characteristics in Strakhov personality. Tolstoy plays the role of an arbiter in this controversy, assessing the situation both in terms of literary, existential and religious thought. In the course of his examination of this conflict, his unexpected closeness to Dostoevsky was discovered in regard to assessment of Strakhov. The point of their coincidence was the "pink Christianity" of the writers, who justify man in a quite similar manner, in terms of their religious consciousness.

scholarly journals Japanese Philosophy: Approaches to a Proper Understanding

2018 ◽  
pp. 7-22
Author(s):  
L. B. Karelova
Keyword(s):  
Human Mind ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Proper Understanding ◽  
Cultural Field ◽  
Intellectual Traditions ◽  
Intercultural Interactions ◽  
Cultural Borrowing ◽  
Definition Of

Since the role of the Asian countries is increasing in the modern world, their philosophical traditions attract more and more attention. Due to this trend, a more complete panoramic view of the development of world philosophy as a whole is accessible, and it has become possible to understand that any constructions of the human mind that have arisen in a particular cultural field of experience cannot be regarded as exemplary and absolute. The researchers of Asian philosophies concentrate mostly on studying the texts of individual thinkers. As a rule, they do not set themselves the task of examining these texts from the point of view of intercultural interactions and transformations of significant ideas and concepts in various cultural and historical contexts, defining the direction and mechanisms of cultural borrowing, as well as revealing new approaches and growth points. To achieve these goals, the research should focus at the problem of the self-determination and development of philosophy as a separate science in non-Western cultures, which are based on intellectual traditions with different origin than Greek and Judeo-Christian traditions. This article deals with the consideration of some topics that elucidate the features of the development of philosophical science in Japan, including the emergence of the concept of “philosophy” in this country, the definition of its subject, the formation of philosophical terminology, and various interpretations of what the term “Japanese philosophy” means. The author pays special attention to the characteristic of the main periods of progress of Japanese philosophical thought. In the conclusion, the author argues that the most important characteristic feature of the Japanese philosophy is its involvement in intercultural dialogue throughout its history.

La figura del biostatistico nei Comitati Etici (CE). Linee guida per il ruolo del biostatistico e per l’attività del biostatistico nella revisione dei protocolli degli studi proposti al parere dei CE

2016 ◽  
Vol 65 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno Mario Cesana ◽  
Elio Mario Briganzoli
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Ethics Committees ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Statistical Analysis Plan ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
General Nature ◽  
Professional Recognition ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Active Contribution

Gli autori considerano il ruolo del Biostatistico (BS) dei Comitati Etici (CE) per i farmaci in Italia e delineano le competenze che tale figura di professionista dovrebbe possedere unitamente alle problematiche che l’emissione del parere da parte del CE comporta dal punto di vista statistico. Oltre gli aspetti di natura generale, sono considerati gli specifici campi in cui la metodologia statistica deve applicarsi al fine di valutare la scientificità e la eticità degli studi sottoposti a parere al CE. In particolare, è considerato il riconoscimento professionale del BS del CE, il ruolo che il BS del CE ha nel considerare gli aspetti di sua precipua competenza dei protocolli sottoposti a parere sia per quanto riguarda gli studi sperimentali e, quindi, la randomizzazione, la definizione della popolazione obiettivo dell’analisi, l’individuazione degli endpoint, la rilevazione delle variabili, la formalizzazione delle ipotesi statistiche che portano al calcolo della dimensione campionaria. Inoltre, sono considerati gli aspetti relativi alla formulazione del piano dell’analisi statistica. Infine, una serie di tipologie di studi sperimentali ed osservazionali con i peculiari aspetti metodologici di natura statistica sono considerati unitamente agli avvertimenti da dare al BS del CE per portare il suo fattivo contributo alla valutazione ed alla loro discussione nel contesto del CE.The authors consider the role of the Biostatistician of the Ethics Committees (EC) for Drugs in Italy and outlines the skills that this professional figure should possess together with the problems that the issuance of a judgment by the EC acts from the point of view statistical. Besides the aspects of a general nature, the authors regarded the specific fields in which the statistical methodology must be applied in order to approve the scientific and ethical nature of the studies submitted to the EC opinion. Particularly, it is considered the professional recognition of the Biostatistician of the EC, and his/her role in the context of the EC in considering the aspects of his/her primary field of knowledge regarding the protocols submitted to the CE. The different aspects regard the experimental studies and, therefore, the randomization, the definition of the target population, the identification of the endpoints, the detection of the variables, the formalization of the statistical assumptions that lead to the calculation of sample size. Finally, the aspects relating to the development of the statistical analysis plan are taken into account. Finally, several experimental and observational studies with their specific methodological statistical aspects are considered together with the warnings to be given to the Biostatistician of the EC to bring his/her active contribution to the evaluation and the discussion in the context of the EC section.

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