scholarly journals Generation Mean Analysis for Yield and Drought Tolerant Traits under Rainfed and Irrigated Conditions in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)

2021 ◽  
pp. 170-178
Author(s):  
Ramasamy Gobu ◽  
Jai Prakash Lal ◽  
Annamalai Anandan
Keyword(s):  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Susceptible Variety ◽  
Yield Traits ◽  
Generation Mean Analysis ◽  
Early Generation ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
Additive Component ◽  
Almost All

Generation mean analysis was carried out using two crosses, involving a high yielding drought susceptible variety NDR 359 and drought tolerant rainfed cultivars Nagina 22 and Vandana. Six generations namely P1, P2, F1, F2, BC1 and BC2 were grown under both rainfed and irrigated environment to study the gene action for various yield and drought tolerance traits. Scaling test revealed the presence of epistasis for most of the yield and drought tolerance traits in both the crosses. Hence, six parameter model was adopted for these traits and for few traits where epistasis was absent, three parameter model was used. The results revealed that dominance gene effect along with non-allelic interactions had profound effect on the genetic control of majority of the yield traits. Therefore, early generation selection will be misleading for these traits. However, the drought tolerance related traits like proline content and stomatal conductance were governed by additive component as well. Duplicate epistasis was observed for majority of the traits. Hence, present study indicates that, epistasis has a key role in the expression of almost all the traits in both the environment.

scholarly journals Utilize of genetic diversity and marker-trait association to improve drought tolerance in rice (Oryza sativa L.)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed I. Ghazy ◽  
Khaled. F. Salem ◽  
Ahmed Sallam
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Phenotypic Correlation ◽  
Phenotypic Traits ◽  
Yield Traits ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
Drought Conditions ◽  
Rice Genotypes

Abstract Drought stress in one of the main problems for rice crop as it reduces the production and productivity of the grain yield significantly. In Egypt, many restrictions were made on the cultivation of rice due to its high water demand. Producing promising drought-tolerant rice cultivars in a combination with high yielding is one of the main targets for rice breeders. To address this challenge, a set of 22 highly diverse rice genotypes were evaluated under normal and drought conditions. Morphological, physiological, yield traits were recorded on each genotype. Drought susceptibility index (DSI) was estimated for six yield traits to identify the most drought-tolerant rice genotypes. High genetic variation was found among genotypes tested in the experiment. Under normal conditions, the highest phenotypic correlation was found between grain yield (GY) and sterility percentage (SP) (- 0.73**), while, it was among GY and chlorophyll content (CC) (0.82**) under drought conditions. To identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) controlling yielding traits under drought and normal, single marker analysis was performed between all yield traits under both condition and a set of 106 simple sequence repeat (SSR) marker alleles. The genetic association analysis revealed 14 and 17 QTL under drought and normal conditions, respectively. The most drought-tolerant genotypes were selected based on DSI, the number of QTL in each selected genotypes, and the level of genetic diversity. As a result, five genotypes (Giza 178, IET1444, GZ1368-S-5-4, Nahda, Giza 14) were identified as the most promising drought-tolerant rice genotypes. Eight QTL controlling drought tolerance were identified in Giza 178, Nahda, and GZ1368-S-5-4, while, four QTL were found in IET1444. The number of different QTLs were estimated among the five selected genotypes. Giza 178 and GZ1368-S-5-4 shared the same QTLs. Seven different QTLs were found among Nahda, IET1444, GZ1368-S-5-4, and Giza 14. Combining information from phenotypic traits, genetic diversity analysis, and QTL identification was very useful in identifying the true drought-tolerant rice genotypes that can be used for crossing in the future breeding program.

Genetic analysis of yield and quality traits through generation mean analysis in rice

2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 256-262
Author(s):  
Ch Sreelakshmi ◽  
P Ramesh Babu
Keyword(s):  
Gene Action ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
Generation Mean Analysis ◽  
Dominance Model ◽  
Gene Effects ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Kernel Length ◽  
Almost All

The present investigation in rice (Oryza sativa L.) was undertaken to study the magnitude of gene action in two cross combinations for eleven yield and twelve quality traits deploying generation mean analysis following six parameter model for parents (P1 and P2), F1, F2, BC1 and BC2 generations during three crop seasons. The results of the scaling tests revealed that the additive-dominance model was inadequate for all of the characters evaluated in both the crosses suggested the existence of epistasis in the inheritance of these characters. Mean values of both the crosses revealed significant for most of the traits except effective bearing tillers per plant, SCMR, harvest index, kernel length and kernel L/B ratio in the cross BPT 5204 x IR 64. Major contribution of duplicate epistasis was revealed by the two crosses, for most of the characters. Few traits revealed complementary epistasis in both the crosses. The present study demonstrates the importance of additive, dominance and epistatic gene effects for the inheritance of almost all the yield as well as quality characters studied.

scholarly journals The Effects of Combining Ability for Yield Traits in Rice (Oryza sativa L.) under Sodic Soil

2020 ◽  
pp. 34-44
Author(s):  
Durgesh Kumar Shukla ◽  
S. N. Singh ◽  
S. C. Gaur ◽  
Anil Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Combining Ability ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Hybrid Vigour ◽  
Yield Traits ◽  
Additive Gene Action ◽  
Early Maturity ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
Rice Genotypes ◽  
Positive Effect

Information on combining ability is derived from data on twelve yield and yield contributing characters in fifteen male and three female parents utilised in line x tester fashion to estimate combining ability of rice genotypes under coastal saline condition. Forty Five hybrids generated from crossing three lines with fifteen testers were studied along with their parents for combining ability and gene action involved in the expression of characters in rice. The gca and sca effects were significant for all the characters. The magnitude of sca variance was higher than the gca variance for all the characters revealed the presence of predominance of non-additive gene action for all the characters under study. Halchal (-12.29) was found to be good general combiners for days to 50% flowering and early maturity, Halchal (-13.39). However, IR-24 (1.88) was good general combiners with significant positive effect for tallness. Magic (-12.05) good general combiners for dwarfness and Shriram 434 (1.57) was good general combiners for test weight however, Moti was best general combiner with gca estimates of 7.07 for harvest index and Kuber (3.48) was the good general combiners for yield/hill. Cross combinations RHR 27 x IR 24 (4.04) was significant and positive effect for yield/hill, performance for ear bearing tillers per plant were RHR 27 x IR 24 (1.88). In general, the crosses showing significant and desirable combining ability effects were associated with better per se performance for the respective traits. These hybrids could be utilized in heterosis breeding to exploit hybrid vigour.

Genetic components analysis in Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L. Czern. and Coss.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (02) ◽  
pp. 175-181
Author(s):  
Amit Tomar ◽  
Ram Avtar ◽  
Mahak Singh
Keyword(s):  
Gene Action ◽  
Indian Mustard ◽  
Additive Gene Action ◽  
Genetic Components ◽  
Degree Of Dominance ◽  
Additive Component ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
Components Analysis ◽  
Almost All

Genetic components analysis exhibited that both additive and dominance components were highly significant for almost all the traits indicating the role of both additive as well as non-additive gene action in controlling the expression of concerned traits. In general dominance component values were higher than that of additive component for all the traits. The estimates of average degree of dominance indicated presence of over-dominance for all the traits.

scholarly journals Screening of some rice Oryza sativa L. genotypes for drought tolerance using SSR-PCR technique

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 14-18
Author(s):  
Asmaa K. Aurabi ◽  
Kadhim M. Ibrahim ◽  
Shatha A. Yousif
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Ssr Markers ◽  
Simple Sequence Repeat ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Sequence Repeat ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
Simple Sequence

Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR) markers were used to investigate the variations between drought sensitive and drought tolerant genotypes. Patterns obtained using RM328 and RM302 detected polymorphism between T14, T15 and Amber33, Amber Baghdad genotypes and those obtained using RM316 and RM201 for the tested genotypes suggested that these primers may have the ability to produce drought tolerance markers. According to the patterns obtained using RM189, RM3825 and RM212 primers indicated that these primers cannot be relied on as markers for drought tolerance.

scholarly journals Evaluation of advanced back cross lines for drought tolerance in rice (Oryza sativa L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (AAEBSSD) ◽  
pp. 245-251
Author(s):  
P. Venkata Ramana Rao ◽  
M. Girija Rani ◽  
K.S.N. Prasad ◽  
P. Naga Kumari ◽  
B.N.V.S.R. Ravi Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Seedling Survival ◽  
Direct Selection ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Back Cross ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Drought Conditions ◽  
Secondary Traits

Drought is the largest abiotic constraint to rice production which cause significant yield loss depending upon the severity. Development of rice varieties with tolerance to drought and high use water use efficiency is the need of the hour. Despite the importance of drought as major abiotic constraint, the efforts to develop drought tolerant rice varieties are very low. Breeding efforts until recent past were focused on understanding and improvement of secondary traits that are putatively associated with drought tolerance. However, the genetic gain in yield by improvement of secondary traits is very low. Hence, improvement of yield per se under drought conditions will be better solution. Introgression of yield QTLs under drought in the genetic background of high yielding varieties will be helpful to overcome the problem to a certain extent. In the present study, 31 advanced back cross lines (BILs) derived from drought susceptible mega variety Samba Mahsuri (BT 5204) and a drought tolerant tolerant land race Azucena were evaluated under drought. Thirty one advanced back cross inbred lines (BC2F4) lines having yield QTLs viz., qDTY3.1 on chromosome 3 and qDTY2.1 on chromosome 2 were phenotyped under drought conditions. The results suggested that wide range of variation was observed for yield and its component traits in the BILs generated in the background of BPT 5204 and direct selection for yield under water stress coupled with marker assisted screening would help in development of drought tolerant version of mega varieties with improved yield under stress. Thermo tolerance studies indicated that high variability was observed for the BILs in terms of % seedling survival, % reduction in root and shoot growth under stress.

scholarly journals Pyramiding approach for development of blast and bacterial leaf blight resistant, and drought tolerant rice variety through marker-assisted selection

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Silas Akos ◽  
Mohd Rafii Yusop ◽  
Mohd Razi Ismail ◽  
Shairul Izan Ramlee ◽  
Noraziyah Abd Aziz Shamsudin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Blast Resistance ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
Leaf Blight ◽  
Bacterial Leaf Blight ◽  
Multiple Traits ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
Pedigree Selection ◽  
High Yielding Varieties

Abstract Rice ( Oryza sativa L) is an important cereal crop and staple food crop of the world, whose yield could be influenced by biotic and abiotic conditions, resulting in 1-100% yield losses depending on the incidences of diseases or severity of stress condition. The research was basically to identify the polymorphic markers at the target region (parental survey) and screened for selection of improved lines with multiple traits of resistance/tolerance to two or three of blast, bacterial leaf blight and drought tolerance. Three varieties were used; two high yielding varieties of Putra-1 and MR219-PL-137 resistant to blast and tolerant to drought respectively, and an IRBB60 bacterial leaf blight resistance variety. They were crossed to a common recipient parent (Putra-1) to produce two categories of F 1 hybrid as baseline for development of improved lines in three crossing methods which produced five populations (PB, PD, PBD, PDB, DPB) through marker-assisted pedigree selection. The populations were screened by genotyping using SSR markers to select lines polymorphic to parental cultivars and carrying the linked markers/QTLs for diseases resistance and drought tolerance: Blast resistance (RM6836 and RM8225), IRBB60 (RM224, RG136, RM122, RM21), MR219-PL-137 drought tolerance QTLs (RM236, RM520, RM511, RM1261). The results of gel electrophoresis agreed with the phenotyping results of the improved lines F 4 , F 3 (2), F 3 for single, double and three-way (and reciprocal) crosses respectively and also susceptible parent cultivars.

scholarly journals Estimation of Gene Action and Interaction for Some Quantitative Characters in Rice (Oryza sativa L.) by Generation Mean Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 737-744
Author(s):  
Amrita Kumari ◽  
◽  
B. K. Senapati ◽  
Anita Roy Aich ◽  
Aditya Pratap Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Action ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Basic Mechanism ◽  
Generation Mean Analysis ◽  
Dominance Model ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Gene Effects ◽  
Quantitative Characters ◽  
Days To Maturity ◽  
Main Gene

The present investigation was conducted to understand the genetic action for controlling the inheritance of some quantitative characters. The experimental materials consisted of three rice varieties, i.e., Mahsuri, Bhutmuri, IR36 and F1, F2, and F3 populations of Mahsuri×Bhutmuri (Cross I) and IR36×Bhutmuri (Cross II). To conduct the generation mean analysis, the parents and their F1, F2, and F3 populations were evaluated during June to October month of Kharif 2016 and Kharif 2017. Generation mean analysis was done for eighteen quantitative characters following the five parameter model. The Analysis of Variance revealed significant differences among the five generations for all the characters studied. The results of the scaling tests and joint scaling test revealed that the Simple additive-dominance model was inadequate for days to 50% flowering, days to maturity, number of panicles plant-1, number of primary branches panicle-1, number of secondary branches panicle-1 in Cross I, while it was for plant height, number of tillers plant-1, number of panicles plant-1, number of grains panicle-1, number of filled grains panicle–1 and fertility % in Cross II. Hence, the present studies have revealed that epistasis as a basic mechanism that cannot be ignored. Thus, formulating breeding policies on only main gene effects i.e. additive and dominance could be misleading.

scholarly journals Combining ability and heterosis analysis for drought tolerant traits in rice (Oryza sativa L.)

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 674-682
Author(s):  
V. Karpagam ◽  
S. Jebaraj ◽  
S. Rajeswari
Keyword(s):  
Root Length ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Root Length Density ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Root Volume ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
Root Thickness ◽  
The Cross

Rice is the most important staple food for more than half of the world’s population and also for most of the countries. A Line x Tester analysis was undertaken to study the nature of gene action for yield and drought tolerant traits. The ratio of SCA and GCA was less than unity for all the characters which revealed that the preponderance of non- additive gene action governing the traits concerned. The lines viz., ADT 43, ADT (R) 49, CO (R) 50 and the testers viz., PMK (R) 3, Chandikar and Anna (R) 4 were adjudged as the best general combiners for drought tolerant traits. The cross combinations viz., ADT 39 x Vellaichitraikar had exhibited significant values for dry root weight (9.66), root/shoot ratio (0.31), root length (3.82), number of roots per plant (37.08), root thickness (0.11), root volume (4.27) and root length density (0.03) ADT (R) 49 x Chandikar for 70 percent relative water content (8.85), dry root weight (18.03), dry shoot weight (40.55), root length (3.10), number of roots per plant (140.16) root thickness (0.38) and root volume (23.14) were found to be specific combiners for most of the drought tolerant traits. The cross combinations, viz., ADT 43 x Anna (R) 4, ADT (R) 49 x Chandikar and ADT 43 x PMK (R) 3 had highly significant standard heterosis. Breeding for drought tolerance in rice would be of immense value to the farmers economic health, family well-being and harmony in the society.

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