Pengaruh Promosi Kesehatan Terhadap Penerapan Protokol Kesehatan Pada Siswa Di Smk Bina Banua Banjarmasin

COVID-19 telah dinyatakan sebagai pandemi dunia oleh WHO. Remaja merupakan bagian dari masyarakat yang tidak dapat sepelekan dalam upaya pencegahan penularan penyakt ini. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh promosi kesehatan terhadap penerapan protokol kesehatan pada siswa di SMK Bina Banua Banjarmasin. Penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif dengan rancangan quasi eksperimen pre-test dan post-test dengan melibatkan kontrol grup. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah pelajar kelas X dan XI di SMK Bina Banua Banjarmasin. Sampel penelitian berjumlah 194 orang, yang diambil dengan menggunakan teknik stratified random sampling. Hasil analisis data menggunakan uji independen sample t test, menunjukkan hasil yaitu post-test kelas X t hitung = 5,246 dan kelas XI t hitung = 5,239 dengan nilai p Value =0,000. Hasil ini menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan post-test kelas X dan post-test kelas XI. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh promosi kesehatan terhadap pengetahuan, sikap dan perilaku hidup bersih dan sehat yang signifikan pada kelompok eksperimen dengan nilai p value yaitu < 0,005 dan pada kelompok kontrol tidak ada nilai p value karena tidak terdapat perbedaan nilai. Petugas kesehatan diharapkan untuk dapat melakukan promosi kesehatan terkait COVID-19 dengan memanfaatkan berbagai media. Kata kunci: Covid-19, Penerapan protokol kesehatan, Promosi kesehatan DAFTAR PUSTAKA Agus Wibowo.2020.Keputusan Kepala Badan Nasional Penanggulangan Bencana Nomor 13 A Tahun 2020 Tentang Perpanjangan Status Keadaan Tertentu Darurat Bencana Wabah Penyakit Akibat Virus Corona Di Indonesia.https://bnpb.go.id/Azwar, S. 2013. Sikap Manusia (Teori dan Pengukurannya). Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar.Budiman, A.R. 2013. Pengetahuan dan Sikap dalam Penelitian Kesehatan. Jakarta: Salemba Medika.Dahlan, M.S. 2010. Besar Sampel dan Cara Pengambilan Sampel Dalam Penelitian Kedokteran dan Kesehatan. Jakarta: Salemba Medika.Dinkes Prov Kalsel.2021. Informasi Terbaru Covid 19 di Kalimantan Selatan 10 April 2021.http://dinkes.kalselprov.go.id/berita/informasi-terbaru-covid-19-di-kalimantan-selatan-10-april-2021.htmlHamdalah,A.2013.Efektifitas Media Cerita Bergambar dan Ular Tangga Dalam Pendidikan Kesehatan Gigi dan Mulut Siswa SDN 2 Patrang Kabupaten Jember.JurnalPromkes,I(2):118-123.Jember:Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat Universitas Jember. http://journal.unair.ac.id/dowload-fullpapers-jupromkesa4369c10e3full.pdfIDAI. 2020. Panduan Ikatan Dokter Anak Indonesia Mengenai COVID-19.IDAI. 2020. Anjuran Ikatan Dokter Anak Indonesia Menjelang Akhir Masa Tanggap Darurat COVID-19Ihsanuddin. (2020). Jokowi: Kerja dari Rumah, Belajar dari Rumah, Ibadah di Rumah Perlu Digencarkan Artikel ini telah tayang di Kompas.com dengan judul “Jokowi: Kerja dari Rumah, Belajar dari Rumah, Ibadah di Rumah Perlu Digencarkan”,https://nasional.kompas.com/read/2020/03.Kompas.https://nasional.kompas.com/read/2020/03/16/15454571/jokowi-kerja-dari-rumah-belajar-dari-rumah-ibadah-di-rumah-perlu-digencarkaKPPPA RI. 2020. Panduan Perlindungan Anak Terpadu Berbasis Masyarakat (PATBM) Dalam Pandemi Covid-19Malik, D., & Muhammad, A. r. (2020). Anies Tutup Lokasi Wisata di Jakarta, Wisatawan Pindah ke Puncak Bogor. Vivanews. https://www.vivanews.com/berita/nasional/40497-anies-tutup-lokasi-wisata-di-jakarta-wisatawan-pindah-ke-puncak-bogor?medium=autonextMorawska, L., & Cao, J. 2020, ‘Airborne transmission of SARS-CoV-2: the world should face the reality’, Environment International, 105730Qian, H., & Zheng, X. (2018). Ventilation control for airborne transmission of human exhaled bio-aerosols in buildings. Journal of Thoracic Disease, 10(Suppl 19), S2295–S2304. https://doi.org/10.21037/jtd.2018.01.24Wawan, A dan Dewi M. 2010. Teori & Pengukuran Pengetahuan, Sikap dan Perilaku Manusia Dilengkapi Contoh Kuesioner. Nuha Medika, YogyakartaWHO.(2021).Indonesia:WHO Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19).https://covid19.who.int/region/searo/country/id

Time to Detection of Growth for Mycobacterium tuberculosis in a Low Incidence Area

BackgroundDiagnosis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) infection can be confirmed by Xpert assays within hours. However, when sample size does not allow performing both culture and Xpert, or if Xpert is negative, then formal diagnosis of MTB relies on culture and time to detection of growth (TDG) becomes critical for clinical management.ObjectivesTo determine TDG in Xpert negative samples, or in samples in which Xpert could not be performed, in a low-incidence area for MTB.MethodsRetrospective analysis (2015-2020) of a database including all cultures for mycobacteria in a University Hospital covering approximately 500’000 inhabitants. Analysis was restricted to culture positive (C+) samples for MTB for which 1/Xpert was negative or could not be performed because of limited sample volume, and 2/collected from subjects treated less than 24 hours. TDG was analyzed according to microscopy, origin of sample (pulmonary or not) and presence of cavitation.ResultsAmong 837 C+ samples for MTB, 236 samples (80% of respiratory origin) from 147 patients fulfilled study criteria; 78 samples (49 patients, 33%) were acid-fast bacilli (AFB) positive. Median (IQR) TDG was 25 (17; 40) days for all samples. TDG exceeded 28 days in 43% of samples and was significantly shorter in AFB+ vs AFB- samples, and samples from cavitary vs non cavitary or extra-thoracic disease.ConclusionsIn Xpert negative samples, or samples for which Xpert could not be performed, TDG exceeded 4 weeks in 43% of samples. AFB+ and samples from cavitary lung disease had a significantly shorter TDG.

Weighing features of lung and heart regions for thoracic disease classification

Background Chest X-rays are the most commonly available and affordable radiological examination for screening thoracic diseases. According to the domain knowledge of screening chest X-rays, the pathological information usually lay on the lung and heart regions. However, it is costly to acquire region-level annotation in practice, and model training mainly relies on image-level class labels in a weakly supervised manner, which is highly challenging for computer-aided chest X-ray screening. To address this issue, some methods have been proposed recently to identify local regions containing pathological information, which is vital for thoracic disease classification. Inspired by this, we propose a novel deep learning framework to explore discriminative information from lung and heart regions. Result We design a feature extractor equipped with a multi-scale attention module to learn global attention maps from global images. To exploit disease-specific cues effectively, we locate lung and heart regions containing pathological information by a well-trained pixel-wise segmentation model to generate binarization masks. By introducing element-wise logical AND operator on the learned global attention maps and the binarization masks, we obtain local attention maps in which pixels are are 1 for lung and heart region and 0 for other regions. By zeroing features of non-lung and heart regions in attention maps, we can effectively exploit their disease-specific cues in lung and heart regions. Compared to existing methods fusing global and local features, we adopt feature weighting to avoid weakening visual cues unique to lung and heart regions. Our method with pixel-wise segmentation can help overcome the deviation of locating local regions. Evaluated by the benchmark split on the publicly available chest X-ray14 dataset, the comprehensive experiments show that our method achieves superior performance compared to the state-of-the-art methods. Conclusion We propose a novel deep framework for the multi-label classification of thoracic diseases in chest X-ray images. The proposed network aims to effectively exploit pathological regions containing the main cues for chest X-ray screening. Our proposed network has been used in clinic screening to assist the radiologists. Chest X-ray accounts for a significant proportion of radiological examinations. It is valuable to explore more methods for improving performance.