Power Transfer Capability Recognition in Deregulated System under Line Outage Condition Using Power World Simulator

The major challenges in deregulated system are determination of available transfer capability on the interconnected transmission lines. Electricity industry deregulation is the required for creating a competitive market throughout the world, which instigate new technical issues to market participants and Power System Operators (PSO). Power transfer capability is a crucial parameter to decide the power flow in the lines for further transactions and the estimation of Transfer Capability decides the power transactions based on the safety and ability of the system. This parameter will decide if an interconnected network could be reliable for the transfer of bulk power between two different areas of the network without causing risk to system consistency. The Power Transfer Distribution Factor (PTDF) is the sensitivity index, which decides the transfer capability in the interconnected network under deregulated power systems. This experiment is conducted on IEEE-6 bus system using Power World Simulator to determine the transfer capability in deregulated system under line outage condition.

ER proteins decipher the tubulin code to regulate organelle distribution

Organelles move along differentially modified microtubules to establish and maintain their proper distributions and functions1,2. However, how cells interpret these post-translational microtubule modification codes to selectively regulate organelle positioning remains largely unknown. The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is an interconnected network of diverse morphologies that extends promiscuously throughout the cytoplasm3, forming abundant contacts with other organelles4. Dysregulation of endoplasmic reticulum morphology is tightly linked to neurologic disorders and cancer5,6. Here we demonstrate that three membrane-bound endoplasmic reticulum proteins preferentially interact with different microtubule populations, with CLIMP63 binding centrosome microtubules, kinectin (KTN1) binding perinuclear polyglutamylated microtubules, and p180 binding glutamylated microtubules. Knockout of these proteins or manipulation of microtubule populations and glutamylation status results in marked changes in endoplasmic reticulum positioning, leading to similar redistributions of other organelles. During nutrient starvation, cells modulate CLIMP63 protein levels and p180–microtubule binding to bidirectionally move endoplasmic reticulum and lysosomes for proper autophagic responses.

Adolescent depression beyond DSM definition: a network analysis

Calls for refining the understanding of depression beyond diagnostic criteria have been growing in recent years. We examined the prevalence and relevance of DSM and non-DSM depressive symptoms in two Brazilian school-based adolescent samples with two commonly used scales, the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-A) and the Mood and Feelings Questionnaire (MFQ). We analyzed cross-sectional data from two similarly recruited samples of adolescents aged 14–16 years, as part of the Identifying Depression Early in Adolescence (IDEA) study in Brazil. We assessed dimensional depressive symptomatology using the PHQ-A in the first sample (n = 7720) and the MFQ in the second sample (n = 1070). We conducted network analyses to study symptom structure and centrality estimates of the two scales. Additionally, we compared centrality of items included (e.g., low mood, anhedonia) and not included in the DSM (e.g., low self-esteem, loneliness) in the MFQ. Sad mood and worthlessness items were the most central items in the network structure of the PHQ-A. In the MFQ sample, self-hatred and loneliness, two non-DSM features, were the most central items and DSM and non-DSM items in this scale formed a highly interconnected network of symptoms. Furthermore, analysis of the MFQ sample revealed DSM items not to be more frequent, severe or interconnected than non-DSM items, but rather part of a larger network of symptoms. A focus on symptoms might advance research on adolescent depression by enhancing our understanding of the disorder.

Heat Transfer in Cassava Starch Biopolymers: Effect of the Addition of Borax

In recent years, polymer engineering, at the molecular level, has proven to be an effective strategy to modulate thermal conductivity. Polymers have great applicability in the food packaging industry, in which transparency, lightness, flexibility, and biodegradability are highly desirable characteristics. In this work, a possible manner to adjust the thermal conductivity in cassava starch biopolymer films is presented. Our approach is based on modifying the starch molecular structure through the addition of borax, which has been previously used as an intermolecular bond reinforcer. We found that the thermal conductivity increases linearly with borax content. This effect is related to the crosslinking effect that allows the principal biopolymer chains to be brought closer together, generating an improved interconnected network favoring heat transfer. The highest value of the thermal conductivity is reached at a volume fraction of 1.40% of borax added. Our analyses indicate that the heat transport improves as borax concentration increases, while for borax volume fractions above 1.40%, heat carriers scattering phenomena induce a decrement in thermal conductivity. Additionally, to obtain a deeper understanding of our results, structural, optical, and mechanical characterizations were also performed.

Data deciphered: A visual migration of VFX

<p>The visual effects industry is an interconnected network of migratory professionals that is in an on-going state of dynamism. The transient nature of industry contracts and the resultant economic impact of studio ebb and flow is a largely uncharted, yet highly phenomenological subject, within design discourse. In the absence of a reliable metric to quantify employee migration, previous theories in this field have been speculative and conjectural. However, the wealth of data inherent in employment-oriented social-media profiles and online crowd-sourced databases provides a new way in which to identify and analyse collective trends in industry migration. Data Deciphered: A Visual Migration of VFX reveals the geographical and demographic patterns in the postproduction services industry through the data visualization medium. Furthermore, it investigates the optimal way to comprehend, filter and relate the large volume of information that is the sector’s migration patterns. This thesis first amassed a dataset of 82,711 migratory employment records specific to professionals within the visual effects industry over the previous 35 years. It drew this information from the public-facing pages of both the LinkedIn and Internet Movie Database (IMDB) online Internet platforms. This collection has been subsequently used to drive a 3D visualization tool that was constructed within the Unity5 game engine. This study has revealed that, despite claims to the contrary, California continues to function as the central hub of the visual effects world and that the majority of industry professionals have been located there at some point throughout their employment histories. Furthermore, environment and matte-painting roles have been identified as the most migratory, while technician and code professions tend to be more static. Finally, skills analysis demonstrates that while proficiency in software packages and coding languages is prevalent within the industry, ultimately, the possession of these abilities has negligible impact upon migration frequency.</p>

An Algorithm for Tracking the Position and Velocity of Multiple Neuronal Signals Using Implantable Microelectrodes In Vivo

Increasingly complex multi-electrode arrays for the study of neurons both in vitro and in vivo have been developed with the aim of tracking the conduction of neural action potentials across a complex interconnected network. This is usually performed through the use of electrodes to record from single or small groups of microelectrodes, and using only one electrode to monitor an action potential at any given time. More complex high-density electrode structures (with thousands of electrodes or more) capable of tracking action potential propagation have been developed but are not widely available. We have developed an algorithm taking data from clusters of electrodes positioned such that action potentials are detected by multiple sites, and using this to detect the location and velocity of action potentials from multiple neurons. The system has been tested by analyzing recordings from probes implanted into the locust nervous system, where recorded positions and velocities correlate well with the known physical form of the nerve.

Examining Modern Data Security and Privacy Protocols in Autonomous Vehicles

A fully automated, self-driving car can perceive its environment, determine the optimal route, and drive unaided by human intervention for the entire journey. Connected autonomous vehicles (CAVs) have the potential to drastically reduce accidents, travel time, and the environmental impact of road travel. Such technology includes the use of several sensors, various algorithms, interconnected network connections, and multiple auxiliary systems. CAVs have been subjected to attacks by malicious users to gain/deny control of one or more of its various systems. Data security and data privacy is one such area of CAVs that has been targeted via different types of attacks. The scope of this study is to present a good background knowledge of issues pertaining to different attacks in the context of data security and privacy, as well present a detailed review and analysis of eight very recent studies on the broad topic of security and privacy related attacks. Methodologies including Blockchain, Named Data Networking, Intrusion Detection System, Cognitive Engine, Adversarial Objects, and others have been investigated in the literature and problem- and context-specific models have been proposed by their respective authors.

The Plasma Proteome

INTODUCTIONThere is an urgent need for a simple and sensitive method to elucidate the human plasma proteome to find markers of disease, or therapeutic factors. Human plasma proteome may be obtained from tryptic peptides that results from native digestion using commonly available, sensitive and robust analytical instruments such as linear quadrupole, tandem mass spectrometers. METHODSThe human plasma proteome was elucidated from three independent human EDTA plasma populations analyzed by precipitation with acetonitrile (ACN) for quaternary amine (QA) micro-chromatography prior to native tryptic digestion for nano liquid chromatography, electrospray ionization and tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS/MS). The LC-ESI-MS/MS results from authentic plasma and blank injection MS/MS noise controls were parsed into SQL Server along with the fit of the MS/MS spectra from the rigorous X!TANDEM for analysis with the R statistical system. A total of 13,408 gene symbols from tryptic (TRYP) and/or phosphor/tryptic (STYP) peptides showed ≥ 10 peptides with an FDR q ≤ 0.01 from fit of MS/MS spectra by X!TANDEM and were resolved from the null distribution of background noise showed a Chi Square value of χ2 ≥ 9 (p ≤ 0.005). RESULTSNative digestion of human EDTA plasma permitted the identification and quantification of ~ 13,408 protein gene symbols in plasma that showed low FDR (q≤0.01) from the fit of peptide MS/MS spectra and where observation frequency was resolved from the null distribution of random MS/MS spectra of source noise from recordings of blank injections. There was good agreement between the orbital ion trap (OIT) and the sensitive linear ion trap (LIT) as well as the tryptic versus phospho/tryptic peptides. A distinct subset of human cellular proteins showed a variety of specific interaction domains that formed a highly interconnected network in the plasma. DISCUSIONThe agreement between the fit of the peptide MS/MS spectra by the rigorous X!TANDEM algorithm versus random MS/MS spectra controls from blank noise injections demonstrated the reliability of the experimental approach. The highly interconnected network in the plasma confirmed that digestion of plasma under native conditions permitted the identification and quantification of the proteins in a population of human plasma samples. CONCLUSIONIt was feasible to identify more than ten thousand proteins from human plasma with high confidence using a simple linear ion trap after precipitation, quaternary amine chromatography, native digestion and nano spray analysis with a linear quadrupole ion trap.