TÁC ĐỘNG CỦA CHUYỂN ĐỔI SỐ ĐẾN TĂNG TRƯỞNG KINH TẾ TẠI CÁC TỈNH TRONG VÙNG KINH TẾ TRỌNG ĐIỂM PHÍA NAM

Nghiên cứu này được thực hiện nhằm đánh giá tác động của chuyển đổi số đến tăng trưởng kinh tế của các tỉnh trong vùng kinh tế trọng điểm phía Nam. Tác giả sử dụng phương pháp GMM sai phân (Difference GMM – DGMM) của Arellano & Bond (1991) để ước lượng các mô hình với dữ liệu bảng cân bằng của 8 địa phương vùng kinh tế trọng điểm phía Nam trong giai đoạn từ 2009 đến 2017. Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy nếu chỉ số mức độ sẵn sàng cho ứng dụng và phát triển công nghệ thông tin tăng 1% thì có khả năng làm tổng sản phẩm nội địa của các địa phương vùng kinh tế trọng điểm phía Nam tăng 0,84%. Nguyên nhân của sự gia tăng này bắt nguồn từ sự gia tăng của các chỉ số hạ tầng công nghệ thông tin và chỉ số ứng dụng công nghệ thông tin tại các địa phương vùng kinh tế trọng điểm phía Nam. Trên cơ sở kết quả nghiên cứu, tác giả đề xuất các hàm ý chính sách cho quá trình chuyển đổi số tại các địa phương vùng kinh tế trọng điểm phía Nam.

Education and Economic Growth in Developing Countries: Empirical Evidence from GMM Estimators for Dynamic Panel Data

The paper aims at studying the effect of education measured by enrolment ratios in secondary and higher education on economic growth measured by the rate of GDP growth in a sample of 40 developing countries during the period from 2002 to 2016 using the dynamic panel data estimators. The results of estimating the model of this study using the difference GMM estimator or what is known as the Arellano and Bond estimator showed that the proportions of those enrolled in tertiary education had a significant positive effect on economic growth, while the proportions of those enrolled in secondary education had a significant negative effect.

Re-examining the determinants of capital structure in Nigeria

PurposeThe paper investigates the determinants of capital structure and the speed of adjustment of capital structure decisions of Nigerian firms.Design/methodology/approachThe paper adopts three methods: difference GMM, system GMM and stochastic frontier analysis (SFA).FindingsThe empirical results show that firms' efficiency affects the capital structure decisions of Nigerian firms. At the same time, short-term debt has a higher speed of adjustment in the context of Nigerian firms. The roles of other control variables are established in the paper.Social implicationsNigerian firms should adopt short-term debt in order to achieve their targeted debt levels. Managers of Nigerian firms are also advised to be more efficient in order to attract higher performance.Originality/valueThe paper is the first literature to measure the efficiency of firms using SFA method. Extant studies in the literature have neglected the determinant while four papers that adopt the determinant data envelope analysis (DEA) method. This is also the first study to document the speed of adjustment in capital structure decisions in the context of Nigerian firms.

Does the Quality of CSR Information Disclosure Affect the Speed of Capital Structure Adjustment?—Evidence from Chinese Listed Companies

This paper takes the balanced panel data of 376 A-share listed companies in 2010-2016 as a sample, and makes the quality of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) information disclosure as the research entry point. Based on the two-stage method, this paper tests the relationship between the quality of CSR information disclosure and the speed of capital structure adjustment of Chinese listed companies by using the difference-GMM. Empirical research shows that the higher the quality of CSR information disclosure, the faster the rate of capital structure adjustment. However, the speed of capital structure adjustment of non-state-owned enterprises is more sensitive to the quality of CSR information disclosure than that of state-owned enterprises.

MEMODELKAN RASIO KETERSEDIAAN BERAS MENGGUNAKAN REGRESI DATA PANEL DINAMIS

The purpose of this research is to model and to determine the significant factor(s) that influence the ratio of rice availability at Province of East Java from 2007 to 2017 by applying dynamic panel data analysis. Independent variables of this research are land productivity, harvest area, and total population. The estimation method used are the first-difference GMM and system GMM. The best model to model the ratio of rice availability at Province of East Java is first-difference GMM and the independent variables which significant influence the ratio of rice availability at Province of East Java from 2007 to 2017 are lag ratio of rice availability, land productivity, harvest area, and total population.

Do Firms Approach the Target Working Capital Requirement? A Case of Pakistan

The study investigates the dynamism of working capital requirement (WCR) in non-financial firms listed on the Pakistan Stock Exchange from the period of 2007 to 2013. The purpose of this research is to analyze whether firms follow the target WCR, to estimate the speed with which firms adjust towards its target WCR and to investigate the firm-specific and macroeconomic determinants of WCR. Difference GMM technique is used to analyze the speed and determinants of WCR to avoid the problems of endogeneity and unobservable heterogeneity. The study gives evidence that there is an existence of target WCR in firms of Pakistan and firm require 1.6 years to completely adjust back to target WCR. The factors which are statistically significant in the determination of WCR are the level of economic activity in the country, operating cash flow, profitability, leverage, financial distress, and financing cost. The WCR is measured by net trade cycle of a firm.

TEMPORAL AND SPATIAL DEPENDENCE OF INTERREGIONAL RISK SHARING: EVIDENCE FROM RUSSIA

We present an analysis of interregional consumption risk sharing in Russia between 1999 and 2009 using novel estimation methods. In addition to standard fixed-effects panel estimations, we use system and difference GMM estimators to reflect time dynamic properties and possible endogeneity between output and consumption. Furthermore, we apply spatial models that control for spatial dependence across regions. The results show that regional consumption deviations from the national average are highly persistent in time and space. Nevertheless, the regional consumption risk sharing in Russia is relatively high with 70%–90% of idiosyncratic risk being smoothed. Finally, fiscal policy and the degree of financial development appear to contribute to the consumption smoothing.

The Determinants of Military Expenditure in Asia and Oceania, 1992–2016: A Dynamic Panel Analysis

Using a dynamic panel approach, this article examines the determinants of military expenditures for 29 Asian and Oceanian countries during 1992–2016. A two-step difference-GMM estimator is applied. Both the impact of Chinese and US military expenditure on sample countries’ military budgets are considered. Results show that sample countries do not respond to Chinese military expenditure; however, these countries respond to US military expenditure. Moreover, lagged military expenditure, GDP, population, and trade openness are important determinants of military spending, while wars and regime type are not.

Risk Governance Structure and Firm Performance: An (Exploratory) Empirical Study in Indian Context

The study attempts to explore the relationship between riskgovernance structureand firm performance. In perhaps the first of its kind attempt, a normative framework for risk governance structures is being put forward. Based on the framework, an index indicating strength/quality of risk governance structures is proposed. Then, the impact of risk governance structure on firm performance is gauged. To this end, the study makes use of constituents of S&P CNX500 index and covers a ten year period from April 1, 2005 to March 31, 2015.To control for potential endogeneity among variables of interest, the study makes use of a robust and reliable methodology,‘difference-GMM’. In addition, to ensure completeness of results, the study employs control variables such as recession dummy, firm’s age, size, and growth rate and leverage ratio. The results suggest that robust risk governance structures do not necessarily lead to better firm performance. In fact, risk governance index is negatively related to both ROA and ROE. The relationship is not statistically significant but has wide economic implications. A prominent implication being, mere constitution of risk management committee and appointment of CRO will not improve firm performance; regulators and companies need to ensure that governance structures are not too rigid, excessively risk averse and ineffective and inefficient in decision making. Given the simplicity and reliability of the proposed risk governance index, and the recommendations put forth in the paper, the study is expected to be of immense utility in an important yet neglected area of risk governance.

Do Institutional Investors Aleviate Agency Costs in R&D Investment Decisions?

This study tests whether institutional investors encourage R&D investment in firms with potential agency problems. Firm and year fixed effect regressions and difference-GMM regressions are used to examine the effect of changes in institutional investor levels to subsequent changes in R&D investment levels. Increased institutional ownership leads to increased R&D investment and this relationship is stronger in firms more susceptible to agency problems. Agency-based free cash flow theory predicts that institutional investors will encourage R&D investment in firms with good investment opportunities, but they will not encourage R&D investment simply because a firm has higher free cash flow. My results support this prediction indicating that institutional investors help to control agency problems in R&D investment decisions. The results in this paper indicate that this may lead to a decrease in agency costs in R&D decisions, thus benefiting institutional and non-institutional shareholders.