Nano-Tech Power Cables

This chapter explores the novel nano-metric present-day materials considering power law Profile PLP for redesigning the electrostatic field circulation in the insulation of power cables assessed for scrutinizing charge simulation method (CSM). Moreover, this chapter presents a deep study for using individual and multiple nanodielectrics in power cables manufacturing. An investigation on dielectric strength and partial discharges in the nanodielectrics of power cables is also presented. Furthermore, it offers a detailed theory and effective parameters of partial discharge in nanodielectrics of power cables. Finally, forecast and recommendations are offered for manufacturers to fabricate high quality commercial nano-tech power cables.

Distribusi Medan Listrik di Kompartemen Busbar Gas Insulated Switchgear (GIS) Menggunakan Charge Simulation Method

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengilustrasikan distribusi medan listrik di kompartemen busbar tipe gas insulated switchgear (GIS). Gas Insulated Substation (GIS) merupakan rangkaian peralatan gardu induk yang terpasang di dalam sebuah metal enclosure dan diisolasi oleh gas bertekanan yaitu Sulfur Hexafluoride (SF6). Dalam simulasi ini, diasumsikan titik referensi berada di sekitar contact pin busbar, dan titik muatan buatan berada disekitar kompartemen busbar. Simulasi dilakukan dengan menentukan titik referensi dan titik muatan bantuan untuk menghitung nilai muatan yang akan dicari yaitu contact pin. Titik muatan buatan ini terletak disembarang titik disekitar kompartemen busbar GIS dan akan dihitung nilai muatannya melalui metode simulasi muatan (charge simulation method) dengan bantuan komputasi Matlab

Pemodelan dan Simulasi Medan Listrik pada Jaringan Distribusi 20 kV Double Feeder Konstruksi 3B

ABSTRAKPeralatan listrik yang bertegangan dapat menyebabkan medan listrik di sekitar peralatan listrik, mengetahui besaran nilai medan listrik menjadi hal yang penting, untuk mengetahui paparan medan listrik pada lingkungan sekitar. Metode numerik memainkan peran penting dalam perhitungan medan listrik untuk studi medan listrik yang terkait dengan aplikasi tegangan tinggi. Charge Simulation Method merupakan salah satu metode numerik yang dapat digunakan sebagai pendekatan untuk menghitung distribusi medan listrik dan medan magnet pada penghantar yang bertegangan. Paper ini membahas pemodelan medan listrik di sekitar jaringan distribusi double feeder kontruksi 3B dengan menggunakan Matlab untuk mengetahui jarak ambang batas aman pengaruh medan listrik bagi manusia. Simulasi dilakukan pada setiap fasa konduktor dengan jarak ukuran setiap fasa diatur sesuai kontruksi yang diterapkan pada PLN. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa simulasi menggunakan MATLAB pada distribusi 20 kV double feeder kontruksi 3B, hasil medan listrik maksimal pada ketinggian 1 meter atau pada ketinggian rata-rata manusia, memiliki besaran 1,54 kV/meter. Besaran medan ini lebih kecil dari batas minimal standar WHO dan SNI, sehingga masih masuk batas aman.Kata kunci: medan listrik, charge simulation method, jaringan distribusi, distribusi kontruksi double feeder 3BABSTRACTElectrical equipment can cause an electric field around the equipment, knowing the value of the electric field becomes important, to determine the exposure of the electric field to the surrounding environment. Numerical methods play an important role in the computation of electric fields for the study of electric fields related to high voltage applications. Charge Simulation Method is one of the numerical methods that can be used as an approach to computate the distribution of electric and magnetic fields in a live conductor. This paper discusses the modeling of the electric field around the distribution double feeder 3B construction network using Matlab to determine the safe threshold distance of the influence of the electric field for humans. Simulation experiments are carried out on each phase of the conductor with the distance of each phase adjusted according to the applied construction to PLN. The results showed that the simulation using MATLAB on the distribution of 20 kV double feeder construction of 3B, value of the maximum electric field at an altitude of 1 meter or at an average height of humans, has a magnitude of 1.54 kV / meter. The magnitude of this field is smaller than the minimum WHO and SNI standards, so it is still safe for humans.Keywords: electric field, charge simulation method, distribution network, 3B double feeder construction distribution

Charge-Simulation-Based Electric Field Analysis and Electrical Tree Propagation Model with Defects in 10 kV XLPE Cable Joint

The most severe partial discharges and main insulation failures of 10 kV cross-linked polyethylene cables occur at the joint due to defects caused by various factors during the manufacturing and installation processes. The electric field distortion is analyzed as the indicator by the charge simulation method to identify four typical defects (air void, water film, metal debris, and metal needle). This charge simulation method is combined with random walk theory to describe the stochastic process of electrical tree growth around the defects with an analysis of the charge accumulation process. The results illustrate that the electrical trees around the metal debris and needle are more likely to approach the cable core and cause main insulation failure compared with other types of the defects because the vertical field vector to the cable core is significantly larger than the field vectors to other directions during the tree propagation process with conductive defects. The electric field was measured around the cable joint surface and compared with the simulation results to validate the calculation model and the measurement method. The air void and water film defects are difficult to detect when their sizes are less than 5 mm3 because the field distortions caused by the air void and water film are relatively small and might be concealed by interference. The proposed electric field analysis focuses on the electric field distortion in the cable joint, which is the original cause of the insulation material breakdown. This method identifies the defect and predicts the electrical tree growth in the cable joint simultaneously. It requires no directly attached or embedded sensors to impact the cable joint structure and maintains the power transmission during the detection process.

PSO/GA Combined with Charge Simulation Method for the Electric Field Under Transmission Lines in 3D Calculation Model

The accurate calculation of electric field intensity under transmission lines is more and more important with the expansion of high voltage engineering, which largely determines the site selection and design of transmission projects. In order to get more accurate results, a methodology of a charge simulation method (CSM) combined with an intelligent optimization algorithm for a 3D calculation model is proposed in this paper. Three key points are emphasized for special mention in this optimized charge simulation method (OCSM). First, the number of sub-segments on the finite length conductor, the position and number of the simulating charge set on a sub-segment are taken as the optimization parameters for unified calculation. Secondly, the fitness function of optimization algorithm is constructed by two values, voltage relative error and electric field intensity relative error. Thirdly, a finite element method (FEM) was used to obtain the electric field intensities, which are compared with the results of the proposed algorithm. A simulation case is carried out on a 3D calculation model of 220 kV transmission lines, which verify the effectiveness of the optimization algorithm. The proposed OCSM solves the parameter optimization problem of CSM in the 3D computational model, which considers physical shape of wire span, and has the advantages of strong global search ability and higher calculation accuracy.