Cadar and Women’s Awrat In Indonesian Qur'an Literature

The use of cadar becomes a controversial discussion in Indonesia. However, the majority of scholars consider the cadar is not an obligation in religion. Bearing in mind, there are differences in the limits of women's genitalia or awrat. It shows in the Quranic interpretation of literature in Indonesia that cadar's views lie in the different scholars in interpreting and determining the limits of women's genitalia. This paper uses a comparative method to compare the interpretations of Hasbi Ash-Shiddieqy and Quraish Shihab in understanding verses about the cadar and the limits of women's Awrat (genitalia) in both interpretations. This research method is qualitative and library research. Hasbi Asy-Syiddieqy, in his interpretation of An-Nur, explains that women are obliged to cover their jewelry, while Quraish Shihab considers the cadar is not an obligation in religion because, for him, the face is not part of the awrat (genitalia) that must be covered. The difference can be seen from their educational and scientific backgrounds. Hasbi Asy-Syiddieqy has a background in Islamic law (Fiqh), so the style of interpretation in the book of An-Nur is more nuanced in fiqh. However, Quraish Shihab highlights the nuances of interpretation in the book of Al-Misbah, which tends to imitate the model or style of interpretation of Muhammad Abduh and Rashid Rida. This cadar is part of the need for tahsiniyat (Luxuries). The need for tahsiniyat is a need which if not fulfilled, does not threaten the existence of one of the maqashid ash-shariah (objectives of sharia) and does not cause difficulties.

STUDENTS AWARENESS AND PERFORMANCE INPHILIPPINE FOLK DANCES

This research aimed to determine the students level of awareness and performance in folk dance that served as basis of developing program for promotion of folk dancing skills in Bitin National High School for the school year 2017 to 2018.The descriptive research was used in the study using the Grade 9 students of Bitin National High School as the respondents. A self-made questionnaire and rubrics for dance performance were used to describe the level of awareness and dance performance skills of the respondents. Mean and standard deviation and Pearson r correlation using an alpha level of .05 were used as the statistical tools.The study revealed the following findings. Majority were 15 years old (90), followed by 14 years old (65), 16 years old (53), 17 years old (23) and the least 18 years old (10) with total number of 241.The over-all mean of 3.30 shows that the students are Moderately Interested about Philippine folk dances. For the Level of awareness of the students to folk dance related variables. In terms of the following variables: objectives, has an over-all mean (OM) of 3.30, strategies (OM=3.71), skills in folk dancing (OM=3.77), availability of dance materials (OM=2.88), and training (OM=3.12) were all interpreted as Moderately Aware. While exposure to Philippine folk dances (OM=3.43) shows that the students are somewhat awareto Philippine folk dances. Only the competence of the dance instructor was rated highly aware.With regard to the performance of the Grade 9 students in folk dancing fundamental skills, for the three categories given: poise and grace, timing and rhythm, interpretation of literature, most of the respondents were rated as Moderately Aware.The Correlation of folk-dance awareness variables as to poise and grace shows No Significant Correlation to folk dancing fundamental skills. The second category for folk dancing fundamental skills, timing and rhythm shows Negligible Correlation to folk dance awareness variables. The third category which is the interpretation of literature also shows Negligible Correlation to folk dance awareness related variables.

Literature from the perspective of interpretative anthropology

Kryminalna odyseja oraz inne szkice o czytaniu i pisaniu [Criminal Odyssey and Other Essays About Reading and Writing] by Wojciech J. Burszta and Mariusz Czubaj is not the first text written together by the two scientists. Their other joint work was, for instance, published over a decade ago in 2007 Krwawa setka. 100 najważniejszych powieści kryminalnych [The Bloody Hundred. The 100 Most Important Crime Novels]. What is more, together with the two above-mentioned texts, Czu-baj’s monography published in 2010, Etnolog w Mieście Grzechu. Powieść kryminalna jako świa-dectwo antropologiczne [An Ethnologist in the City of Sin. The Crime Novel as an Anthropological Testimony], creates a thematically consistent cycle devoted to “the stories of crime and punishment” whose key to interpretation is Clifford Geertz’s concept of interpretative anthropology.The authors of the “Criminal Odyssey…” admit that the choice of the literary examples pre-sented in their work was subjective. Thus, one could accuse the authors of incompleteness resulting from the choice of these particular texts as well as their contexts. However, it seems that the authors did it purposefully, which also complies with Greetz’s attitude, as he believed that a complete study of any cultural phenomenon is a utopian project. Paradoxically, it is the very incompleteness that induces the reader to inquire further, which is the subject of “Czytanie” [Reading] (pp. 17–58), the first essay of the “Criminal Odyssey…”. It serves as an “introduction to reading”, complemented with the following essays which focus on specific problems and which, if examined separately, seem to be subject to the case studies of literary phenomena, poetics of specific writers, or motives. One could also examine Burszta and Czubaj’s work from another perspective and read it not as an anthropological interpretation of literature, but as a literary conceptualisation of anthropology.

Ethical Assumptions and Implications of Hermeneutic Practice as Practical Wisdom

The goal of this paper is to justify the view that hermeneutical practice as a philosophical proposal cannot be reduced to the extraction of hidden meanings or the explication of text structures but instead contains ethical assumptions and implications. Following Ricœur’s work, I will show that literary texts are part of ethics insofar as they create different mental experiments about ideas and values. I will show that the interpretation of literary texts, woven by the free play of imagination, constitutes a practice in which readers have the possibility of reconfiguring their way of looking at the world and acting. The reading of literature is an exercise of practical wisdom by enabling readers to rehearse and enable the implementation of the good life in just institutions. To achieve the paper’s goal, I initially discuss ethical assumptions present in literary texts. I then develop Ricœur’s notion of hermeneutics as used for the interpretation of literature. Finally, I propose several ethical implications resulting from the hermeneutical practice that is related to literary texts.

Dworkin’s Literary Analogy

For decades Ronald Dworkin defended the view that legal interpretation is constructive. One of his most fascinating arguments for this idea, which turns on an analogy between legal and literary interpretation, has been more or less ignored by philosophers of law—probably because they have not been especially interested in the claims about literary interpretation that it presupposes. This chapter explores Dworkin's analogical argument with the sensitivity it deserves, and with particular attention to its controversial ideas about the interpretation of literature. The chapter evaluates the implications of Dworkin’s analogy for his overall anti-positivist project, and for one’s thinking about legal interpretation more generally.

CZY INTERPRETACYJNA „ZEMSTA” TRWA? ROSJA W POLSKIEJ PROZIE PODRÓŻNICZO-REPORTAŻOWEJ OSTATNICH LAT

The essay aims at showing which ways an interpretation of literature can turn towards. A proposed way is based on how to functionalise post-colonial criticism tools for the purpose of today’s polish literary studies. The author discusses concept of post-colonial researches connected with polish literature about Russia and Russians. The article presents ways of an interpretation of Russia in polish travel literature after 1989. The author writes about three books, witch are a representation of different perspectives of thinking and writing about Russia. The first way is concerned with polish recolonization of the former USSR. Second is connected with a position of a wanderer, who travel from place to place with no permanent home in Russia. The last way shows thinking about Russian Federation in very innovative way, it is perspective of a settler. All those concepts of seeing and describing Russia is infected by an interpretation “revenge”.

Dynamic competences in the opinion of the machine sector experts – from management theory to practice

Summary Dynamic competence in the opinion of the machinery sector experts - from theory to management practice The main objective of this paper is an attempt to reply to the question: how is the concept of dynamic competence understood by representatives of the manufacturing companies operating in the Polish agricultural machinery sector? Within the theoretical and design measures, a method of reconstruction and interpretation of literature implying the discussion in a group of intentionally selected experts operating in the examined sector will be used; as a result of the creative discussion, the key designates of dynamic competence will be generated. At the empirical level, it was considered appropriate to determine the hierarchy of their importance. The task of deliberately selected respondents will be to make a choice as to which of the suggested dimensions of the dynamic competence best reflects the sense of this concept.