An optimized demand-response operation method of regional integrated energy system considering 5G base station energy storage

The scheduling technology of regional integrated energy system is one of the key technologies to realize carbon neutralization by utilizing wind-power. Aiming at the optimal scheduling problem of regional electrothermal integrated energy system considering wind-power utilization and load side energy consumption, this paper proposes an optimized demand-response operation method of regional integrated energy system considering 5G base station energy storage. The regional integrated energy system of load side demand response is constructed based on the comprehensive consideration of technical and economic factors such as wind-power utilization and economic costs and load side peak valley difference. Finally, a two-layer particle swarm optimization method is proposed to solve the model. The experimental results show that the proposed method can effectively achieve wind-power utilization, economic dispatch and reduce the peak valley difference through load side demand response, which can improve the economic efficiency, environmental protection and low-carbon operation of regional integrated energy system.

Changes of Functional Recovery of Ankle Joint with Application of Rehabilitation Exercise Program after Arthroscopic Modified Brostrom Operation: A Pilot Study

OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to demonstrate its effectiveness by applying a systematic rehabilitation exercise program to patients after arthroscopic modified Brostrom operation.METHODS The research subjects were 13 patients who had arthroscopic modified Brostrom operation, the 60-minute rehabilitation exercise program was applied twice a week for six weeks, and then, subjective evaluation of ankle joint, and its dynamic stability and isokinetic muscle strength were measured.RESULTS After application of the rehabilitation exercise program, subjective evaluation of the ankle joint(<i>p</i><.001), its dynamic stability(<i>p</i><.001) and strengths of the involved side for isokinetic muscle strength peak torque inversion(<i>p</i><.001), eversion(<i>p</i><.01), total work inversion(<i>p</i><.001), eversion(<i>p</i><.01) uninvolved side peak torque inversion(<i>p</i><.001), eversion(<i>p</i><.01), total work(<i>p</i><.01), muscle endurance of the involved side peak torque inversion(<i>p</i><.001), eversion(<i>p</i><.01), total work inversion(<i>p</i><.001), eversion(<i>p</i><.01), uninvolved side peak torque inversion(<i>p</i><.01), total work inversion(<i>p</i><.01) were significantly increased.CONCLUSIONS It was confirmed that application of rehabilitation exercise program after arthroscopic modified Brostrom operation was effective for positive possibilities of its settlement as regular rehabilitation exercise program.

An Unambiguous Synchronization Scheme for GNSS BOC Signals Based on Reconstructed Correlation Function

Binary offset carrier (BOC) modulation is a new modulation method that has been gradually applied to the Global Satellite Navigation System (GNSS) in recent years. However, due to the multi-peaks in its auto-correlation function (ACF), it will incur a false lock and generate synchronization ambiguous potentially. In this paper, an unambiguous synchronization method based on a reconstructed correlation function is proposed to solve the ambiguity problem. First, through the shape code vector constructed in this paper, the general cross-correlation function (CCF) expression of the BOC modulated signal will be obtained. Based on the features of the signal correlation function, it is decomposed into a matrix form of trigonometric functions. Then, it generates two local signal waves using a specific method, then the proposed method is implemented to obtain a no-side-peak correlation function by reconstructing the cross-correlation between the received signal and the two local signals. Simulations showed that it fully eliminates the side-peak threat and significantly removes the ambiguity during the synchronization of the BOC signals. This paper also gives the improved structure of acquisition and tracking. The detailed theoretical deduction of detection probability and code tracking error is demonstrated, and the corresponding phase discrimination function is given. In terms of de-blurring ability and detection probability performance, the proposed method outperformed other conventional approaches. The tracking performance was superior to the comparison methods and the phase discrimination curve only had a zero-crossing, which successfully removed the false lock points. In addition, in multipath mitigation, it outperformed the ACF of the BOC signal, and performs as well as the autocorrelation side-peak cancellation technique (ASPeCT) for BOC(kn,n) signals.

Pulse Ranging Method Based on Active Virtual Time Reversal in Underwater Multi-Path Channel

Aiming at improving the accuracy of pulse ranging measurement in underwater multi-path environment, this paper proposes a novel pulse ranging algorithm based on active virtual time reversal (AVTR). By using the focusing characteristics of AVTR, the received signal can be focused at the receiving end, which eliminates the negative influence of multiple pseudo-peaks. In order to extract the received signal, we propose an energy-based adaptive windowed method which preserves the signal focus peak while truncates the side peak component. Numerical simulations are provided and outfield experiments are conducted. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method comparing with correlation-based method.

Azimuthal correlations of prompt D mesons with charged particles in pp and p–Pb collisions at $$\varvec{\sqrt{s_\mathrm{NN}}} = 5.02\ \hbox {TeV}$$

The measurement of the azimuthal-correlation function of prompt D mesons with charged particles in pp collisions at $$\sqrt{s} =5.02\ \hbox {TeV}$$ s = 5.02 TeV and p–Pb collisions at $$\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}} = 5.02\ \hbox {TeV}$$ s NN = 5.02 TeV with the ALICE detector at the LHC is reported. The $$\mathrm{D}^{0}$$ D 0 , $$\mathrm{D}^{+} $$ D + , and $$\mathrm{D}^{*+} $$ D ∗ + mesons, together with their charge conjugates, were reconstructed at midrapidity in the transverse momentum interval $$3< p_\mathrm{T} < 24\ \hbox {GeV}/c$$ 3 < p T < 24 GeV / c and correlated with charged particles having $$p_\mathrm{T} > 0.3\ \hbox {GeV}/c$$ p T > 0.3 GeV / c and pseudorapidity $$|\eta | < 0.8$$ | η | < 0.8 . The properties of the correlation peaks appearing in the near- and away-side regions (for $$\Delta \varphi \approx 0$$ Δ φ ≈ 0 and $$\Delta \varphi \approx \pi $$ Δ φ ≈ π , respectively) were extracted via a fit to the azimuthal correlation functions. The shape of the correlation functions and the near- and away-side peak features are found to be consistent in pp and p–Pb collisions, showing no modifications due to nuclear effects within uncertainties. The results are compared with predictions from Monte Carlo simulations performed with the PYTHIA, POWHEG+PYTHIA, HERWIG, and EPOS 3 event generators.

Unambiguous Acquisition/Tracking Technique Based on Sub-Correlation Functions for GNSS Sine-BOC Signals

The autocorrelation function (ACF) of the Binary Offset Carrier modulation (BOC) signal for Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) has multiple peaks, ambiguity is easily generated during the synchronization of the baseband signal. Some methods have been proposed to remove the ambiguity, but the performance is not suitable for high-order BOC signals or does not maintain narrow correlation characteristics. This paper proposes a sub-function reconstruction synchronization algorithm to solve this problem, of which the key is to design a new local auxiliary code: the local Pseudo-Random Noise (PRN) code is divided into several new codes with different delays. The auxiliary code performs a coherent integration operation with the received signal. Then, a correlation function without any positive side peaks is obtained by multiplying the two correlation results to make the acquisition/tracking completely unambiguous. The paper gives a design scheme of navigation signal acquisition/tracking and deduces the theoretical analysis of detection performance. The phase discrimination function is provided. The performance of the method is analyzed from both theoretical and simulation aspects. Compared with the Binary phase shift keying-like (BPSK-LIKE) method, Subcarrier Phase Cancellation (SCPC) method and the Autocorrelation Side-Peak Cancellation Technique (ASPeCT) method, the proposed method has the best detection probability for the acquisition, which is 0.5 dB-Hz better than ASPeCT. For tracking, the proposed method performs best in terms of phase-detection curve, anti-multipath performance, and anti-noise performance. For high-order BOC signals, the SRSA technique successfully removes the false lock points, and there is only one multipath error envelope, and the code tracking error is almost the same as the ASPeCT method.

Effects of extended powered knee prosthesis stance time via visual feedback on gait symmetry of individuals with unilateral amputation: a preliminary study

Background Establishing gait symmetry is a major aim of amputee rehabilitation and may be more attainable with powered prostheses. Though, based on previous work, we postulate that users transfer a previously-learned motor pattern across devices, limiting the functionality of more advanced prostheses. The objective of this study was to preliminarily investigate the effect of increased stance time via visual feedback on amputees’ gait symmetry using powered and passive knee prostheses. Methods Five individuals with transfemoral amputation or knee disarticulation walked at their self-selected speed on a treadmill. Visual feedback was used to promote an increase in the amputated-limb stance time. Individuals were fit with a commercially-available powered prosthesis by a certified prosthetist and practiced walking during a prior visit. The same protocol was completed with a passive knee and powered knee prosthesis on separate days. We used repeated-measures, two-way ANOVA (alpha = 0.05) to test for significant effects of the feedback and device factors. Our main outcome measures were stance time asymmetry, peak anterior-posterior ground reaction forces, and peak anterior propulsion asymmetry. Results Increasing the amputated-limb stance time via visual feedback significantly improved the stance time symmetry (p = 0.012) and peak propulsion symmetry (p = 0.036) of individuals walking with both prostheses. With the powered knee prosthesis, the highest feedback target elicited 36% improvement in stance time symmetry, 22% increase in prosthesis-side peak propulsion, and 47% improvement in peak propulsion symmetry compared to a no feedback condition. The changes with feedback were not different with the passive prosthesis, and the main effects of device/ prosthesis type were not statistically different. However, subject by device interactions were significant, indicating individuals did not respond consistently with each device (e.g. prosthesis-side propulsion remained comparable to or was greater with the powered versus passive prosthesis for different subjects). Overall, prosthesis-side peak propulsion averaged across conditions was 31% greater with the powered prosthesis and peak propulsion asymmetry improved by 48% with the powered prosthesis. Conclusions Increasing prosthesis-side stance time via visual feedback favorably improved individuals’ temporal and propulsive symmetry. The powered prosthesis commonly enabled greater propulsion, but individuals adapted to each device with varying behavior, requiring further investigation.

Bias Current of Semiconductor Laser: An Unsafe Key for Secure Chaos Communication

In this study, we have proposed and numerically demonstrated that the bias current of a semiconductor laser cannot be used as a key for optical chaos communication, using external-cavity lasers. This is because the chaotic carrier has a signature of relaxation oscillation, whose period can be extracted by the first side peak of the carrier’s autocorrelation function. Then, the bias current can be approximately cracked, according to the well-known relationship between the bias current and relaxation period of a solitary laser. Our simulated results have shown that the cracked current eavesdropper could successfully crack an encrypted message, by means of a unidirectional locking injection or a bidirectional coupling. In addition, the cracked bias current was closer to the real value as the bias current increased, meaning that a large bias current brought a big risk to the security.

Study of Angular Correlations in Monte Carlo Simulations in Pb-Pb Collisions

In two-particle angular correlation measurements, the distribution of charged hadron pairs are evaluated as a function of pseudorapidity ( Δ η ) and azimuthal ( Δ φ ) differences. In these correlations, jets manifest themselves as a near-side peak around Δ η = 0 , Δ φ = 0 . These correlations can be used to extract transverse momentum ( p T ) and centrality dependence of the shape of the near-side peak in Pb-Pb collision. The shape of the near-side peak is quantified by the variances of the distribution. The variances are evaluated from a fit combining the peak and the background. In this contribution, identified and unidentified angular correlations are shown from Pb-Pb collisions at s N N = 2.76 TeV from Monte Carlo simulations (AMPT, PYTHIA 8.235/Angantyr). Results show that transport models in AMPT give better results than PYTHIA 8.235/Angantyr when comparing to the experimental results of the ALICE collaboration.