Intergenerational Memory Transmission

Chapter 4 discusses the process of intergenerational memory transmission. It analyzes how young people in the 2000s and early 2010s took up knowledge and developed understandings of the events in 1989 through a web of institutions including the family, the school, and the media. Nevertheless, the limitation of intergenerational transmission in the period is also illustrated through comparing different generations’ attitudes and affects toward June 4. Moreover, in-depth interviews shed light on the challenge of intergenerational memory transmission within specific social institutions and professions.

Changing Attitudes toward Tiananmen?

Chapter 7 discusses the impact of young people’s identity shift on collective remembering of Tiananmen. It examines intergenerational memory transmission in an altered social and political context. It illustrates the extent and characteristics of generational differences on the issue of Tiananmen. In addition, drawing upon sociologist Karl Mannheim’s distinction among generation of location, generation in actuality, and generation unit, the chapter examines why and how some young people came to abandon Tiananmen commemoration, yet others were still recruited into the mnemonic community surrounding Tiananmen.

The Struggle for Memory Institutionalization

Chapter 5 discusses the struggle for memory institutionalization. Given the role of schools in intergenerational memory transmission, part of the empirical analysis focuses on the controversies surrounding the place of June 4 in the secondary school curriculum. Besides, the chapter examines efforts by the Alliance and other activist groups to establish enduring “sites of memory” for Tiananmen. Specifically, the struggles surrounding the placement of June 4-related monuments on university campuses and the project of a permanent June 4th Museum are examined.

Analysis of Image Processing and Its Challenges

Major two main areas of application. Improved visual information for human interpretation. Process image data for memory, transmission and representation for the perception of automata. The purpose of this article is to define the meaning and scope of image processing, describe the various steps and methodologies involved in typical image processing and the application of image processing tools and procedures

TRANSMISI MEMORI PERISTIWA 1965 DALAM NOVEL PULANG DAN AMBA/THE 1965 MEMORY TRANSMISSION IN PULANG AND AMBA NOVEL

AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan transmisi memori peristiwa 65 dari generasi pertama ke post-generasi dalam karya sastra. Metode penelitian yang digunakan, yakni deskriptif kualitatif. Penelitian ini merupakan kajian postmemory Marianne Hirch. Sumber data penelitian adalah novel Pulang karya Leila S. Chudori dan Amba karya Laksmi Pamuntjak. Data penelitiannya adalah frasa, kalimat, atau paragraf yang merepresentasikan gambaran generasi pertama dan post-generasi, proses transmisi memori, dan rekonstruksi memori. Teknik analisis data menggunakan teknik interaktif, yaitu dengan cara reduksi data, sajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa (1) terdapat tiga generasi dalam proses transmisi memori, yaitu generasi pertama sebagai tokoh yang mengalami peristiwa 65 secara langsung, generasi 1.5 dan kedua sebagai penerima transmisi memori; (2) familial postmemory dilakukan melalui garis keturunan keluarga dan afiliative postmemory melalui buku, museum, foto, surat pribadi, dokumen sejarah, dan narasi yang berkembang di masyarakat; (3) konstruksi memori oleh tokoh post-generasi yang diwujudkan dengan penerimaan maupun penolakan. Penerimaan memunculkan rasa trauma, was-was, atau perubahan identitas yang mirip dengan generasi pertama. Sementara itu, sikap penolakan menempatkan cerita sebagai mitos yang sudah kedaluwarsa. Kata kunci: post-memori, generasi pertama, post-generasi, peristiwa 65 AbstractThis study aims to explain the memory transmission of events from the first generation to the post-generation in literary works. The research method used is descriptive qualitative. This research is a postmemory study of Marianne Hirch. The source of the research data is the novel Pulang by Leila S. Schudori and Amba by Laksmi Pamuntjak. The research data are phrases, sentences, or paragraphs that represent first-generation and post-generation descriptions, memory transmission processes, and memory reconstruction. The data analysis technique used interactive techniques, namely by way of data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results of this study are (1) there are three generations in the memory transmission process, namely the first generation as a character who experiences events directly, the 1.5 generation and the second as a memory transmission receiver; (2) familial postmemory is carried out through family lineages and affiliative postmemory through books, museums, photos, personal letters, historical documents, and narratives that develop in society; (3) memory construction by postgeneration figures which is realized by acceptance or rejection. Acceptance creates a sense of trauma, anxiety, or a change of identity similar to that of the first generation. Meanwhile, the attitude of rejection places the story as an outdated myth. Keywords: postmemory, first generation, post-generation, event 65

MEMORY TRANSMISSION IN DORA BRUDER NOVEL: A POST-MEMORY ANALYSIS

Traumatic events such as the Holocaust transcend through generations. Hirsch strengthens this argument by saying that post-memory is a study of the structure of intergenerational and trans-generational memory transmission in the form of traumatic knowledge and experiences. This study raises the meaning of memory transmission in the Dora Bruder novel by Patrick Modiano. The method used in this article is the content analysis of the story. The data are collected form of sentences that describe the meaningful forms of memory transmission. There are three interpretations from the results of memory transmission. They are the narrator’s interpretation of a location as signifiers of the incommensurability of return, the narrator’s interpretation as an agent and actor of allo-identification, and the emergence of a desire to reject the act of forgetting. Analysis using post-memory illustrates that the generation of heirs to the traumatic memories inherits various challenged and debated questions, intending to expose and retell that story to the public.

“I think it is [the] mother who keeps things going”: The gendered division of labor in the transmission of memory of the Armenian Genocide

In this paper, we discuss what role gender plays in remembering, transmitting, and reframing memories of the Armenian Genocide in order to address the question of how young Armenian women negotiate their roles in this process. Centering the societal roles of memory transmission, we employ the specific sociological lens of gender to analyze 26 interviews conducted in Beirut during the week of the official commemorations of the Armenian Genocide in 2016. We define gender as the social construction of a stylized repetition of acts that reflect power relations. Accordingly, the examination of these power relations is necessary not only to understand the experiences and testimonies of men and women, but also the transmission of memory. While understanding Armenian youth as agents of the collective memory, gender allows us to discuss different patterns of remembrance and transmission. We therefore argue that gender influences how individuals remember the Armenian Genocide, as it underpins the (historically) assigned roles of memory and transmission.