Development of treasury management of public procurement: problems and prospects

The subject of this study is the legal norms contained in legislation, other legal acts, as well as materials of law enforcement practice regulating the process of treasury management of budgetary funds. This article also analyzes the experience of legal regulation of the mechanism of treasury management of budgetary funds during public procurement, examines the gaps in budget legislation directly related to the topic under consideration.The purpose of this article is to consider the problems and prospects of the development of the Institute of the Federal Treasury in the Russian Federation. The reason for this study was multiple scientific discussions, which caused an ambiguous reaction from the legal community of Russia. The gaps in the budget legislation directly related to the topic under consideration are considered.The methodology. General scientific methods were applied in the framework of comparative, logical and statistical research and analysis of law enforcement and judicial practice in the field of treasury management of budget funds.The main results. A number of issues related to the chosen topic were considered. First of all, it is necessary to understand how the legal regulation of treasury management of budgetary funds is carried out. The form of legal regulation of treasury management differed from other forms and instruments of control the norms on treasury management were established annually by the federal law on the federal budget and acts of the Russian Government, Russian Ministry of Finance and the Federal Treasury adopted in pursuance of this federal law. Secondly, it is worth noting how the procedure for treasury management of budgetary funds during public procurement is built. The mechanism of treasury management provides for operations on personal accounts opened in the Federal Treasury with funds received from the relevant budget in the form of subsidies and budget investments, as well as funds directed to the execution of government contracts, contracts, the sourceof financing of which is the budget of the budgetary system of the Russian Federation. Thirdly, it is necessary to understand what prospects the institute of treasury management of public procurement has. Trends in the development of the institute of treasury management show that quantitative parameters will grow, including due to the use of "extended" treasury management and due to the spread of technological solutions to the level of subjects of the Russian Federation and municipalities.Conclusions. Treasury management of budgetary funds during public procurement is a new institution of budget law, a comprehensive budgetary and legal instrument of public administration, which is used at the stage of budget execution for expenditures to exercise financial control over the public procurement, contracts with legal entities and sole proprietors who are not participants in the budget process. In addition, treasury management is a tool with sufficient elasticity and relative "versatility". At its core, it allows you to strengthen control over the targeted and effective use of budget funds, ensure transparency and openness of procurement procedures and execution of state contracts; reduce unscrupulous suppliers in the chain of co-executors while ensuring proper execution of the state contract; increase financial discipline of the parties to the contract. It is also worth noting that treasury management minimizes some of the risks inherent in the use process. This institution should be considered as a system element in a larger mechanism of budget monitoring.

Milk productivity of first-calf cows depending on the intensity of their breeding

The paper presents the results of studies of milk productivity of black-and-white cows depending on the age of the first insemination and live weight at the first calving in the conditions of the Irkutsk region. The dynamics of heifer rearing by year, milk productivity of cows in the 1st and 3rd lactations depending on the intensity of their development has been studied. The experiment was conducted on farm materials from the Irkutsk Region using generally accepted zootechnical, analytical, variation and statistical research methods from 2016 to 2020. Live weight of heifers at all ages met the requirements of the elite and elite-record classes. Analysis of the data showed that the growth rate of the animals increased during 5 years (6.0%, 6.8, 2.3 and 4.8% respectively with a significant difference p ≥ 0.90). With the increased intensity of heifer rearing, an increase in milk yield over 305 days of the first lactation was observed. The highest milk production was noted in the 1st (5309-5476 kg) and 3rd (5418-5817 kg) lactations in cows with the first fruitful insemination at 13-14 months. The lowest 1st and 3rd lactation yields are obtained from cows inseminated at 20 months of age or older. Higher milk production in the first and third lactations was obtained from cows with a live weight at first calving of 541-550 kg, 551 kg and higher (5197-5164, 5436-5545 kg respectively). Less milk production was obtained from cows with a live weight at first calving of up to 500 kg (4567-5122, 4943-5009 kg). The results obtained make it possible to reveal the influence of the intensity of rearing heifers on the productive qualities of cows.

Temperature Analysis of Flaring (AR11283) and non-Flaring (AR12194) Coronal Loops

Here, we study the temperature structure of flaring and non-flaring coronal loops, using extracted loops from images taken in six extreme ultraviolet (EUV) channels recorded by Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA)/ Solar Dynamic Observatory (SDO). We use data for loops of X2.1-class-flaring active region (AR11283) during 22:10UT till 23:00UT, on 2011, September 6; and non-flaring active region (AR12194) during 08:00:00UT till 09:00:00UT on 2014, October 26. By using spatially-synthesized Gaussian DEM forward-fitting method, we calculate the peak temperatures for each strip of the loops. We apply the Lomb-Scargle method to compute the oscillations periods for the temperature series of each strip. The periods of the temperature oscillations for the flaring loops are ranged from 7 min to 28.4 min. These temperature oscillations show very close behavior to the slow-mode oscillation. We observe that the temperature oscillations in the flaring loops are started at least around 10 minutes before the transverse oscillations and continue for a long time duration even after the transverse oscillations are ended. The temperature amplitudes are increased at the flaring time (during 20 min) in the flaring loops. The periods of the temperatures obtained for the non-flaring loops are ranged from 8.5 min to 30 min,but their significances are less (below 0.5) in comparison with the flaring ones (near to one). Hence the detected temperature periods for the non-flaring loops' strips are less probable in comparison with the flaring ones, and maybe they are just fluctuations. Based on our confined observations, it seems that the flaring loops' periods show more diversity and their temperatures have wider ranges of variation than the non-flaring ones. More accurate commentary in this respect requires more extensive statistical research and broader observations.

Dynamics of mortality from diseases of the circulatory system in the Voronezh region

INTRODUCTION: The mortality rate of the population from diseases of the circulatory system is one of the most pressing problems in the socio-economic development of the Russian Federation and its regions. Since mortality from diseases of the circulatory system ranks first among all causes of mortality in the population, this problem needs special attention and measures addressed to them. AIM: Conduct a comparative analysis of indicators of the level, structure and dynamics of mortality from diseases of the circulatory system of the population of the Voronezh region for 2010–2019. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this article analytical and statistical research methods were used. RESULTS: The features of the dynamics of the mortality rate from diseases of the circulatory system in the Voronezh region from 2010 to 2019 have been revealed: there is a positive steady downward trend, including mortality from diseases of the circulatory system at working age, by 18.2%; the leading place in the structure of the causes belongs to diseases of the circulatory system (42.5% and 37.4% for the working age); in the structure of deaths from diseases of the circulatory system, persons over 60 years of age prevale (63.3%), the involvement people under the working age is insignificant and amounts to 7%, the total amount of women younger than the working age and working age is 1.5 times less than in corresponding groups in men, respectively, 28.8% and 42.7% (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Comparative analysis of indicators of the level, structure and dynamics of mortality from diseases of the circulatory system in population of the Voronezh region for 2010–2019 allowed revealing a stable positive trend of a decrease of mortality rate from diseases of the circulatory system.

The effectiveness of mineral adaptogen in experimental immunosuppression

Modern conditions of animal husbandry and poultry farming dictate a continuous search for effective means that increase the natural resistance of the organism of farm animals and poultry. The purpose of the study. In this regard, an experimental study was conducted on laboratory animals using a mineral adaptogen of domestic production in order to determine its effectiveness in conditions of artificially induced immunosuppression. The objectives of the study were to determine the immunobiochemical status, subcellular and intra-organ changes in the organs of the immune system at all levels. Research methods. Experimental studies were carried out using generally accepted zootechnical, pathomorphological, histological, immunobiochemical and statistical research methods. Results. Immunobiochemical changes in the body of experimental animals are described. Microscopic changes at the level of tissues and cells in the organs of the immune system at all levels are described. Changes in the organs of the immune system during immunosuppression and against the background of feeding mineral adaptogen are described. Morphological examination of the immune system organs in experimental animals revealed prolonged immunosuppressive changes for 14 days. At the same time, after induced immunosuppression, significant structural changes remain in the central and peripheral organs of the immune system in the form of lymphoid tissue atrophy (in the thymus, both in the organ of central immunogenesis and in the organs of the peripheral immune system – the spleen and lymph nodes and intra-organ lymph formations). During histological studies, the structure of cells and tissues, when using a mineral adaptogen, was more morphologically mature and was in a functionally active state, and dystrophic and necrotic processes were observed in the control group. The conducted studies convincingly prove the effect of mineral adaptogen on increasing natural resistance and its immunoprotective properties. Scientific novelty. For the first time in experimental conditions, a simultaneous assessment of the immunobiochemical parameters of the blood of laboratory animals and a microscopic examination of the organs of the immune system at all levels with morphometric analysis of the data obtained were given. As a result of the conducted studies, the immuno- and organoprotective effect of feeding the mineral adaptogen was proved and the immunomodulatory effect was morphometrically confirmed.

Life quality as an indicator of sustainable development: international statistical research

The purpose of the article is to substantiate the methodology for determining the European quality of life index. The theoretical and methodological basis of research is the ideas of the interdependence of life quality and sustainable development. To achieve the desired goal, the following research methods were used: analysis and synthesis (for determining theoretical and practical aspects of ensuring the life quality); statistical (for determining standardized indicators and a European Quality of Life Index for Sweden and Ukraine); abstract-logical (for theoretical summarization and conclusion). As a result, the authors created the European Quality of Life Index based on the comparison of the characteristics of international life quality assessment systems (calculation principle, number and composition of indicators, number of countries covered for calculation), as well as systematization of research by Ukrainian and foreign authors. Therefore, the authors selected twelve main indicators. The indicators are divided into two groups: stimulants (prosperity index, basic human needs index, welfare bases, availability of nutrition and basic health care, GDP per capita, population, global competitiveness index, personal security, access to basic knowledge, ecosystem status) and disincentive (government debt, unemployment). To determine the “European life quality index”, the authors used the formula for calculating the arithmetic mean, as all selected indicators can be considered equivalent as a result of standardization by the method of “minimum- maximum”. In addition, for in-depth analysis, the authors calculated the growth rates of indicators, as well as coefficients of variation. The authors made calculations based on data of 2013–2019 for two countries, namely Sweden and Ukraine. Sweden occupies a much better position in achieving the Sustainable Development Goals, so studying the impact of life quality on sustainable development in this country will suggest ways to achieve the chosen strategic priorities for Ukraine.

Age features of morphological changes of the hematotesticular barrier in experimental diabetes mellitus.

Background. Diabetes mellitus is an acute medical and social problem in all parts of the world due to the constant increase in the incidence of the disease, severe complications, disability and high mortality. Hyperglycemia leads to oxidative stress and increased processes of formation of active oxygen species, which in turn make a significant contribution to the development of male infertility. Objective. Therefore, the aim of our study was to establish morphological changes in the vessels of the hemomicrocirculatory flow and testicular sustentocytes of adult rats with experimental streptozotocin diabetes mellitus (SDM). Methods. The material for the study were the testicles of 20 sexually mature 6-month-old rats (weighing 150-180 g). SDM in animals of the experimental group was simulated by a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (dissolved in 0.1 M citrate buffer solution with a pH of 4.5) at a dose of 6 mg per 100 g of mass. An equivalent dose of 0.1 M citrate buffer was injected intraperitoneally to animals of the control group. Histological, electron microscopic, biochemical, morphometric and statistical research methods were used. Results. It was found that in the early stages of SDM (28th day) on the background of hyperglycemia in the hemomicrocirculatory flow of the testes there is a spasm of the vessels of the afferent link, which is confirmed by a decrease in the lumen of arterioles and an increase in their Wagenworth index. On the 70th day of SDM on the background of elevated levels of glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin in the links of the hemomicrocirculatory flow of the testis there are signs of diabetic microangiopathy, manifested by: hemorheological disorders in micro-hemo-vessels, (erythrocyte sludge, adhesion of erythrocytes and platelets, microclasmatosis), decrease in the capacity of arterioles and capillaries (increase in the Wagenworth index, respectively by 1.8 and 1.9 times), microclasmatosis, thickening and proliferation of the basement membrane of capillaries. Against the background of diabetic microangiopathy, there is a decrease in the number of sustentocytes by 0.01 mm2 of testicular parenchyma by 1.8 times, compared with control indicators, the area of their profile increases by 2.2 times (in all cases p<0.05). The nucleolar areas probably do not change, which leads to an increase in the nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio by 2.9 times (p<0.05). Such morphometric changes of sustentocytes are caused by development of vacuolar hydropic dystrophies in them, and an apoptosis that is confirmed by data of histo-ultrastructural studies. Changes in sustentocytes against the background of the development of diabetic microangiopathy lead to a violation of the hematotesticular barrier and to dystrophic changes in the spermatogenic epithelium of the testis. Conclusion. Thus, on the 70th day of SDM in the hemomicrocirculatory flow of the testis, the development of diabetic microangiopathy is observed, which leads to a violation of the hematotesticular barrier, and as a consequence, to a violation of spermatogenesis.

Comparative Aging and Qualitative Theorizing

The principal aim of this argument is to analyze the swift expansion in the proportion of older people across the globe, and to highlight the main social and economic forces causing this through methodological challenges especially through the lens of qualitative methodology. We recognize the enormity of the task. Drawing from a range of qualitative research studies provides enriched meanings about aging identity that can be used to shed light on how aging is experienced in equal to how it has been defined in macro or populational terms. Balancing micro and macro levels of understanding is key to open up broader level of explaining what it means to be an older person in different cultures Whilst this is a noble aim, there is no doubt that the rapid increase in population aging across the globe is signalling the most astonishing populational changes in the history of humankind that qualitative levels of understanding are uniquely placed to balance the huge figures in describing complex demography in that qualitative methodology unravels the facts and instead reveals the narratives, meanings and identity formation of research subjects; whereas statistical research has pre-dominantly made its findings looking at people as research objects or as a ‘number’ (Gruber and Wise 2004). The balance is key but this paper explores the issue of comparative aging underpinned by what Powell and Cook (2001) call ‘qualitative theorising’ in making sense of statistical and experiential aging.

Analysis of the Influence of Leadership, Organizational Culture and Control Systems on Organizational Performance at Hasanuddin University Hospital

This study aims to evaluate and examine the impact of leadership, organizational culture, and administrative performance management systems at Hasanuddin University Hospital Makassar. This research was conducted at Hasanuddin University Hospital Makassar from June to July 2020. The study method used is survey research using cross-section data, where information is obtained from respondents using a questionnaire whose population data is focused on the fact that all members of the population are sampled, namely 87 employees. The path analysis is used for statistical research. The findings indicate that leadership has a significant favourable influence on Hasanuddin University Hospital's organizational success in Makassar. The administration has a positive and considerable impact on the control system at Hasanuddin University Hospital in Makassar. Corporate culture has a positive but negligible effect on organizational success, and organizational culture has a positive and significant influence on the control system at Hasanuddin University Hospital in Makassar. The control system has a positive and substantial effect on the Hasanuddin University Hospital's organizational efficiency in Makassar. Leadership has a positive but no considerable impact on organizational success through the control system at Hasanuddin University Hospital in Makassar. Corporate culture has a positive but negligible influence on organizational success through the control system at Hasanuddin University Hospital in Makassar.

Methods and prospects of selection of sugar corn adapted to the conditions of the Central Forest-Steppe of Ukraine

The aim of the research is selection and genetic improvement of the source material of maize silica and sugar subspecies by methods of classical selection and experimental mutagenesis and synthesis on their basis of high-yielding, adaptive hybrids capable of stably realizing their yield potential in different growing conditions. Research methodology. Field experiments were conducted at the Cherkasy State Agricultural Research Station NSC "IZ NAAN", located in the central Forest-Steppe of Ukraine (Smila) during 2020-2021. The period of action of active temperatures (above 10 ° С) begins on April 20–28 and lasts 155–180 days. The probability of frost to -3 ° C during the sowing of corn (III decade of April and the first decade of May) is 10 and 5 %, respectively, and during ripening (September – first half of October) from 1 to 30 %. Sowing of the experimental material was carried out in the third decade of April in early May. During the growing season, phenological observations were made, during flowering the plants self-pollinated under parchment insulators, crossbreeding, evaluation and selection of the best samples were performed. Common field, laboratory and statistical research methods were used. Research results. Based on the morphobiological characteristics and assessment of the set of features of the samples of the sugar corn collection, the length of the period from emergence to flowering to 75 % of the panicles was determined, early-maturing samples were selected. When studying the genetic variability of the characteristics of the performance of inbred lines such as weight and length of the head, the number of rows of grains revealed the best lines, the average of which differs significantly from the standard. Based on genetic analysis of performance traits, it has been shown that the selection of starting material by cob weight and length may be most effective, as under favorable conditions these traits are controlled by additive genes, while other traits play a crucial role. Conclusions. The frequency of the obtained more productive self-pollinated lines on the original hybrid material with a significant excess of control indicators for such elements of productivity as cob weight, length and number of rows of grains is 7.19 ± 1.36 %. Selection based on "number of rows of grains" is effective, the best multi-row lines are selected based on genetic sources from Australia. As a result of the analysis of the sugar content in the grains, samples with a sugar content of 8.6% in the top sugar and 5.8 % in the white corn were selected. The coefficient of inheritance of quantitative traits, such as cob weight, length, number of rows of grains, number of grains in a row, is 0.71–0.93, which indicates the possibility of successful selection of these traits. All studied numbers exceed the hybrid standard by cob weight and number of rows of grains. Numbers 269, 272 and 276 and 277 were significantly better in terms of yield, with yields of 15.7–19.8 t/ha.