STRUCTURAL PECULIARITY OF SOME SOMATIC PHRASEOLOGICAL UNITS OF THE CHAMALI LANGUAGE

The article analyzes the structural features of somatic phraseological units of the Сhamali language with the components «head», «eyes», «heart» etc.

Macro-semantic rhythmic structures in popular author songs

Certain author song of the 1950s – 1980s are characterized with such structural peculiarity as semantic rhythms. This pattern manifests itself in two forms: dialectical juxtaposition of the particular and the general (PG-rhythm); as well as the conflict of non-entropic and entropic processes, order and chaos (OC-rhythm). For broader understanding of this phenomenon, it is necessary to determine its place within the framework of the author song as a large-scale cultural phenomenon. The author mass processing of popular compositions using the method of almost full enumeration. The research material includes all 5 thematic national collections that feature 487 songs. The analysis of the lyrics reveals the total number of works with the initial semantic rhythmics: 43% with the PG-structure and 23% with the OC-structure. The application of various strategies of analysis indicates that the sampling of no less than 70-80 compositions should be used for achieving accurate results in partial studies (for example, by authors) . In the course of research, the author determines new versions of manifestation of the semantic structures: PG-structure of fable-type, as well as variability of Brodsky's saw in songs with entropic rhythmics. There are also songs with intersection of both types of semantic rhythms. Correlation is established between the social processes of cultural environment associated with the author song and the dynamics of semantic rhythms in popular compositions. In the early 1970s, a bifurcation point is noticed in the moods of the corresponding social community.

The Interaction Between Caudate Nucleus and Regions Within the Theory of Mind Network as a Neural Basis for Social Intelligence

The organization of socio-cognitive processes is a multifaceted problem for which many sophisticated concepts have been proposed. One of these concepts is social intelligence (SI), i.e., the set of abilities that allow successful interaction with other people. The theory of mind (ToM) human brain network is a good candidate for the neural substrate underlying SI since it is involved in inferring the mental states of others and ourselves and predicting or explaining others’ actions. However, the relationship of ToM to SI remains poorly explored. Our recent research revealed an association between the gray matter volume of the caudate nucleus and the degree of SI as measured by the Guilford-Sullivan test. It led us to question whether this structural peculiarity is reflected in changes to the integration of the caudate with other areas of the brain associated with socio-cognitive processes, including the ToM system. We conducted seed-based functional connectivity (FC) analysis of resting-state fMRI data for 42 subjects with the caudate as a region of interest. We found that the scores of the Guilford-Sullivan test were positively correlated with the FC between seeds in the right caudate head and two clusters located within the right superior temporal gyrus and bilateral precuneus. Both regions are known to be nodes of the ToM network. Thus, the current study demonstrates that the SI level is associated with the degree of functional integration between the ToM network and the caudate nuclei.

Technical design and stability analysis procedure for horizontal stability construction of roads and railways

Unstable sections of predominantly vertical roads and railways are usually stabilized by viaducts, while predominantly horizontal unstable sections of the same structures are regularly stabilized by special structures which have a common feature of spaciousness or massiveness, and which proportionally also require peculiarity in all aspects of the construction. The goal of the new solution is to avoid the highlighted structural peculiarity, that is, to apply a solution that will be more of a constructive element of roads and railways, like a viaduct in an approximate sense. There is such a solution, and that is the low-rise stable structure, which in a naturally appropriate way counteracts horizontal instabilities on low-rise objects. The horizontal effect on the object is converted to a vertical direction via this construction by means of pile coupling, while this effect is greatly reduced due to the effect of static interaction between the components of the coupling. If, instead of various vertical structures with horizontal anchors or mass structure retaining walls, we apply the slope-pile coupling at an optimal angle in the range of 15 to 20 degrees, then, by activating the external horizontal effect, i.e. instability, the primary axial resistance in the oblique pile is simultaneously activated through circumferential friction. The vertical component of this resistance decreases the active horizontal component, while the horizontal does the same, provided that the pile has a transverse static EI feature. This approach has not been used thus far in engineering practice and therefore represents a novelty. Therefore, it can be argued that by constructing a low-rise stable structure, we can achieve at least approximately the same structural impression that we enjoy regarding the viaduct construction for predominantly vertical instabilities.

Dramatis Personae

This concluding chapter identifies the two co-signatories of the loan contract. The manager of the department charged with levying customs duties on Indian commodities (paralemptes) was also the lender of the loan contract written on the recto of the Muziris papyrus. In all likelihood, the borrower was the owner of the Hermapollon. However, the cargo imported from Muziris was so enormous that it could hardly have belonged to a single merchant, as the loan contract—signed by a single borrower—seems to suggest. In all likelihood, the underwriter, a lone Indian Ocean ship owner (naukleros Erythraikos), represented also the Indian Ocean merchants (emporoi Erythraikoi) who chartered transport space on his ship. The Muziris papyrus lays bare the terms of a cooperative arrangement between the paralemptes and the naukleros, which may have been a structural peculiarity of Roman trade with India in the first two centuries AD. Above the merchants/borrowers and customs collectors/lenders is the imperial administration, whose officers assist and monitor the arabarchs’ work.

The mechanism of adaptation of a hymnographical text: borrowings and adaptation on the example of the Russian menaion of the 16th century

The paper demonstrates the techniques and the mecha-nisms for creating of the new services for saints on the basis of both direct borrowings and an adaptation of the existing chants. It also analyzes the choice of the sources, the way of redirecting of the hymns and the structural peculiarity of the services.

Advantages of eutectic alloys for creating catalysts in the realm of nanotechnology-enabled metallurgy

The nascent field of nanotechnology-enabled metallurgy has great potential. However, the role of eutectic alloys and the nature of alloy solidification in this field are still largely unknown. To demonstrate one of the promises of liquid metals in the field, we explore a model system of catalytically active Bi-Sn nano-alloys produced using a liquid-phase ultrasonication technique and investigate their phase separation, surface oxidation, and nucleation. The Bi-Sn ratio determines the grain boundary properties and the emergence of dislocations within the nano-alloys. The eutectic system gives rise to the smallest grain dimensions among all Bi-Sn ratios along with more pronounced dislocation formation within the nano-alloys. Using electrochemical CO2 reduction and photocatalysis, we demonstrate that the structural peculiarity of the eutectic nano-alloys offers the highest catalytic activity in comparison with their non-eutectic counterparts. The fundamentals of nano-alloy formation revealed here may establish the groundwork for creating bimetallic and multimetallic nano-alloys.

The Unique Structure of Pushkin’s Eugene Onegin: Why Tatyana’s Identity and the Theme of Russianness Matters

Summary Pushkin’s novel in verse Eugene Onegin (1833) has been considered not just the work of the period of Pushkin’s best and greatest lyrical output, but the starting-point of the classic nineteenth-century Russian novel. As this article strongly insists, the novel evokes the so-called ‘Russianness,’ which reminds us of what has typically been known as Russian or the Russian soul, as well as Russian types of emotional response reflected in the literary figure. The most important question this article addresses is the idea of Russianness encoded into the heroine, Tatyana, in particular. More concretely speaking, it is our main concern to investigate Tatyana’s identity as expressed through the motif of the Russian soul and its relationship with the structural uniqueness of the novel. The purpose of the present study then is to explore the extent to which this structural peculiarity is found throughout the text as well as how this question is associated with the characterization of the heroine, Tatyana. Fundamentally, the relationship between the text’s structural peculiarity and the character’s identity, in terms of thematic composition, will be at the center of our arguments.

Health inequalities: a Research Positioning Exercise at the National Institute of Health, Italy

Background The Italian National Institute of Health (Istituto Superiore di Sanità, ISS) considers health inequalities (HI) an important area of activity. As the scientific and technical body of the Ministry of Health and the National Health Service, ISS may play a key role to reduce HI. In order to enable ISS in addressing the new and crucial HI challenge, a Research Positioning Exercise was designed and implemented. Methods The Exercise included: (i) workshop to strengthen the institutional interest in the field of HI; (ii) review and analysis of ISS publications (years 2000–2017) to identify HI research topics; (iii) survey among ISS researchers regarding main research challenges to address HI in the coming years; and (iv) analysis of input on research challenges from HI international experts. Results The results of this Exercise suggest that the following points should be included in the future ISS agenda planning: (i) themes which ISS should continue working on (e.g. migrants/vulnerable groups); (ii) themes to be improved: (a) relationship between social determinants and mechanism of HI generation and (b) relationship between risk factors exposure and social determinants; and (iii) new themes to be addressed: (a) mechanisms underlying the resilience observed in Italy; (b) new socioeconomic indicators for HI monitoring; and (c) evidence-based policies aimed at reducing HI. Conclusion Findings of this Exercise show that ISS researchers identified relevant areas, addressing inequalities in addressing the health. Because of ISS structural peculiarity that includes multidisciplinary expertise, the ISS could provide a significant contribution to HI research challenges and knowledge gaps.