ORIENTASI TAFSIR AL-FURQÂN TAFSIR AL-QUR’AN KARYA AHMAD HASSAN

This Article discusses the orientation of the interpretation of Al-Furqân by Ahmad Hassan. The purpose of this paper is to find out the socio-intellectual contect behind the birth of the work of Al-Furqân interpretation and to find out the orientatios in the interpretation. The method used in writing this article is a qualitative method based on library research studies and the main object is the interpretation of Al-Furqân. The results obtained are that the context in which the interpretation of Al-Furqân was written was due to the socio-intellectual conditions of the people at the time Ahmad Hassan lived at the beginning of the 20th century in general they still adhere to conservative beliefs and the study of interpretation is still centered on several interpretations. So that the birth of this Al-Furqân interpretation is a reflection of Ahmad Hassan’s spirit of renewal and the renewal movement promoted by him. Than the orientation of the interpretation of Al-Furqân from its vaious aspects is obtainned that the orientation of Ahmad Hassan’s trust is Ahlu Sunah wal Jama’ah; in the terms of the orientation of the madzhab Ahmad Hassan not only to one madzhab; the orientation of the pattern that dominates the interpretation is the language pattern; the orientasi of the general method used is the global method; and the finally, orientation of the sources used dominantly is the interpretation of bi ar-ra’yi.

METODE KOMBINASI DALAM MENAFSIRKAN SURAT AL-AHZAB (33) : 33

This paper describes the method of interpreting the Koran, the author considers that the interpretation of the Koran is carried out with various methods and ways that have been determined in the rules of interpretation, both through approaches, history, linguistics, social, science, and looking at the interpretations of the commentators. interpretation into four kinds. First, this Tahli>li method seeks to explain the content of the verses of the Qur'an from various aspects, according to the views, tendencies, and wishes of the commentators which are presented in a coherent manner in accordance with the order of the verses in the manuscripts. Second, this ijma>li or global method describes the general meanings contained by the verse. Third, muqa>ran or comparison. The interpretation model in this method is to present verses of the Koran with different editorials from one another, to present verses that have different information content from the hadith and to present various interpretations of the scholars. Fourth, maudhu>'i or thematic, namely methods that direct view on a particular theme. Then look for a particular theme by collecting all the verses that talk about it, analyzing and understanding verse by verse to get a complete interpretation of the theme being discussed.

Experimental analysis of non-Gaussian noise resistance on global method optical flow using bilateral in reverse confidential

This paper presents the analytical of non-Gaussian noise resistance with the aid of the use of bilateral in reverse confidential with the optical flow. In particular, optical flow is the sample of the image’s motion from the consecutive images caused by the object’s movement. It is a 2-D vector where every vector is a displacement vector displaying the motion from the first image to the second. When the noise interferes with the image flow, the approximated performance on the vector in optical flow is poor. We ensure greater appropriate noise resistance by applying bilateral in reverse confidential in optical flow in the experiment by concerning the error vector magnitude (EVM). Many noise resistance models of the global method optical flow are using for comparison in our experiment. And many sequenced image data sets where they are interfered with by several types of non-Gaussian noise are used for experimental analysis.

Application of progressive ideas of the past in modern educational practice of studying foreign languages

At the present stage of development of education, the application of progressive ideas of the past in modern educational practice of learning foreign languages is to use the method of globalism in secondary schools and in primary schools in particular. The proposed method includes communicative, cognitive, thematic and creative approaches, because the process of learning foreign languages by the method of globalization is associated with the activation of each student, creating situations conducive to the development of creative abilities. In the article the author considers the problem of application of progressive ideas of the past in modern educational practice of studying foreign languages. This issue is revealed in terms of the use of the method of globalism in secondary schools and in primary school of the period of Pidkarpatska Rus in particular. The author reveals the main aspects of the use of the method of global studies in schools, described by various researchers who appreciate the method of globalization. From the point of view of the global method, interest is a very important factor. As soon as a student enters the reading process, he grows interested in material he has not yet read. Usually, interest in reading arises from various relevant and often drawn stories, which are the key to good reading. Language, reading and writing in primary schools in Pidkarpatska Rus were considered the most important factors in primary education. In particular, the last two are the most noticeable in the global method. It should be noted the importance of using educational games in teaching reading the global method. In the pedagogy of Decrol, educational games became important, which were used to develop a variety of knowledge and to arouse students' interest in new ones. In general, the main goal of the game was to develop attention and controlled activity. The results of the study can be implemented in the practice of modern school and in the process of preparing future teachers of foreign languages to work with students in a multicultural environment. Key words: Pidkarpatska Rus, foreign languages, the method of globalization, multicultural environment, the principle of conformity to nature.

Integral representation for energies in linear elasticity with surface discontinuities

In this paper we prove an integral representation formula for a general class of energies defined on the space of generalized special functions of bounded deformation ({\mathrm{GSBD}^{p}}) in arbitrary space dimensions. Functionals of this type naturally arise in the modeling of linear elastic solids with surface discontinuities including phenomena as fracture, damage, surface tension between different elastic phases, or material voids. Our approach is based on the global method for relaxation devised in [G. Bouchitté, I. Fonseca and L. Mascarenhas, A global method for relaxation, Arch. Ration. Mech. Anal. 145 1998, 1, 51–98] and a recent Korn-type inequality in {\mathrm{GSBD}^{p}}, cf. [F. Cagnetti, A. Chambolle and L. Scardia, Korn and Poincaré–Korn inequalities for functions with a small jump set, preprint 2020]. Our general strategy also allows to generalize integral representation results in {\mathrm{SBD}^{p}}, obtained in dimension two [S. Conti, M. Focardi and F. Iurlano, Integral representation for functionals defined on \mathrm{SBD}^{p} in dimension two, Arch. Ration. Mech. Anal. 223 2017, 3, 1337–1374], to higher dimensions, and to revisit results in the framework of generalized special functions of bounded variation ({\mathrm{GSBV}^{p}}).

A Tone Mapping Model Based on Receptive Field for HDR Images

High dynamic range (HDR) imaging has greater contrast reproduction capability than standard imaging techniques. It can achieve natural and pleasing appearance in terms of image quality. A tone mapping model (TMOz) is developed based on the center-surround properties of the mammalian ganglion cells of the human visual system for feature enhancement. The contrast of the HDR image is mapped adaptively to an SDR display range using a global method followed by contrast enhancement in local regions. A psychophysical experiment was conducted to refine the model for adaptivity of the contrast mapping function. Finally, the performance of the TMOz was evaluated using CIELAB (2:1) formula together with high quality reference images. The results showed that TMOz outperformed the other tone mapping operators (TMOs).