Real-Time Littering Activity Monitoring Based on Image Classification Method

This paper describes the implementation of real time human activity recognition systems in public areas. The objective of the study is to develop an alarm system to identify people who do not care for their surrounding environment. In this research, the actions recognized are limited to littering activity using two methods, i.e., CNN and CNN-LSTM. The proposed system captures, classifies, and recognizes the activity by using two main components, a namely camera and mini-PC. The proposed system was implemented in two locations, i.e., Sekanak River and the mini garden near the Sekanak market. It was able to recognize the littering activity successfully. Based on the proposed model, the validation results from the prediction of the testing data in simulation show a loss value of 70% and an accuracy value of 56% for CNN of model 8 that used 500 epochs and a loss value of 10.61%, and an accuracy value of 97% for CNN-LSTM that used 100 epochs. For real experiment of CNN model 8, it is obtained 66.7% and 75% success for detecting littering activity at mini garden and Sekanak River respectively, while using CNN-LSTM in real experiment sequentially gives 94.4% and 100% success for mini garden and Sekanak river.

Simulating the spectral characteristics of reflection in planar porous structures with antireflection coatings ZnS/DyF3

This paper presents the results of modeling a planar multilayer structure with layers of porous silicon, ZnS and DyF3 coatings by the optical matrix method. It was shown that the optical matrix method, taking into account the model of porous silicon with a variable band gap, which takes into account the porosity gradient, allows us to approximate the course of the curve of the real experiment

Maritime navigational assistance by visual augmentation

Several types of equipment have been developed over the years to assist ship operators with their tasks. Nowadays, navigational equipment typically provides an enormous volume of information. Thus, there is a corresponding need for efficiency in how such information is presented to ship operators. Augmented reality (AR) systems are being investigated for such efficient presentation of typical navigational information. The present work is particularly interested in an AR architecture commonly referred as monitor augmented reality (MAR). In this context, the development of MAR systems is briefly summarised. The projection of three-dimensional elements into a camera scene is presented. Potential visual assets are proposed and exemplified with videos from a ship manoeuvring simulator and a real experiment. Enhanced scenes combining pertinent virtual elements are shown exemplifying potential assistance applications. The authors mean to contribute to the popularisation of MAR systems in maritime environments. Further research is suggested to define optimal combinations of visual elements for alternative maritime navigation scenarios. Note that there are still many challenges for the deployment of MAR tools in typical maritime operations.

Modeling Of The Dependence Of Co2 Contained In The Exhaust Gases On The Amount Of Hydrogen Gas Supplied To The Engine

The idea of this publication is to show how mathematical modeling presents dependence of CO2 in the exhaust gases. Using quadratic function obtained results are with good approximation. The future below to hydrogen about marine uses. Mathematical modeling is the best way to show how we can make an experiment with small database and that with mathematical function we receive a full picture of problem that we research with data which can’t receive with real experiment.

Grain-based DEM for Particle Bed Comminution

The comminution at the grain size level for liberating the valuable minerals usually requires the highest size-specific energy. Therefore, a full understanding of the comminution process at this level is essential. Models based on the Discrete Element Method (DEM) can become a helpful tool for this purpose. One major concern, however, is the missing representativeness of mineral microstructures in the simulations. In this study, a method to overcome this limitation is presented. The authors show how a realistic microstructure can be implemented into a particle bed comminution simulation using grain-based models in DEM (GBM-DEM). The improved algorithm-based modeling approach is exemplarily compared to an equivalent real experiment. The simulated results obtained within the presented study show that it is possible to reproduce the interfacial breakage observed in real experiments at the grain size level. This is of particular interest as the aim of comminution in mineral processing is not only the size reduction of coarse particles, but often an efficient liberation of valuable components. Simulations with automatically generated real mineral microstructures will help to further improve the efficiency of ore processing.

The Precision Limits in a Single-Event Quantum Measurement of Electron Momentum and Position

A modern state-of-the-art “quantum measurement” [The term “quantum measurement” as used here implies that parameters of atomic particles are measured that emerge from a single scattering process of quantum particles.] of momentum and position of a single electron at a given time [“at a given time” means directly after the scattering process. (It should be noticed that the duration of the reaction process is typically extremely short => attoseconds).] and the precision limits for their experimental determination are discussed from an experimentalists point of view. We show—by giving examples of actually performed experiments—that in a single reaction between quantum particles at a given time only the momenta of the emitted particles but not their positions can be measured with sub-atomic resolution. This fundamental disparity between the conjugate variables of momentum and position is due to the fact that during a single-event measurement only the total momentum but not position is conserved as function of time. We highlight, that (other than prevalently perceived) Heisenberg’s “Uncertainty Relation” UR [1] does not limit the achievable resolution of momentum in a single-event measurement. Thus, Heisenberg’s statement that in a single-event measurement only either the position or the momentum (velocity) of a quantum particle can be measured with high precision contradicts a real experiment. The UR states only a correlation between the mean statistical fluctuations of a large number of repeated single-event measurements of two conjugate variables. A detailed discussion of the real measurement process and its precision with respect to momentum and position is presented.

Secure Visible Light Communication Technique Based on Asymmetric Data Encryption for 6G Communication Service

Security in residential and business establishments has become an area of considerable importance. To provide enhanced security using conventional visible light (VL) communication, the characteristics of which allow for easy access by nearby intruders, a new VL communication technique is proposed in this paper. The novel VL communication system is based on a data encryption method using asymmetric encryption, and it is proposed for use in smart indoor services in the 6th generation communication environment. The asymmetric encryption capability is studied by comparison with the conventional technique, the optimum key length for the public or private encryption codes is determined under the criterion of the minimum estimation error. Moreover, the error performance is analyzed with various RSA encryption keys and data lengths to verify the performance of the proposed technique. A real experiment is performed to evaluate the proposed technique using an implemented test bed, and the success rates of the VL communication technique with and without RSA coding are evaluated by a real experiment with a test bed under an indoor laboratory VL channel. We believe it is evident that the VL communication technique based on asymmetric encryption yields superior error performance compared to that without encryption for optimal lengths of the encryption key and data bits.

An Experiment in the Earth Physics Leaning: Sunlight Observation for Determining Radius of The Earth

In the learning of the earth physics, sometime students got comfusing due to they cannot imagine how to determine the physical property of the earth such as, its mass, its volume and its diameter. This study was focused on how to use the sunlight for degermation of the earth radius through the simple experiment. In this study, an accurate and simple method have been introduced to the student on how to measure the earth radius. The experiment just used a camera and then the student started to determine the earth radius. In the end of the experiment student can explain how the sunlight can be used to determine the earth radius mathematically. They found that the radius of the earth is about 6243.04 km with a standard deviation of 13.70 km. The average results that is obtained by student is actually within 1.9% of the real value of the earth radius which is at 6371 km. This study shows that the real experiment is definitely able to show the real experience on how to determine the earth radius.