Difficulties Encountered by Parents of Students in the Elementary Stage During Distance Learning

This study aimed to identify the difficulties that parents of students in the elementary stage faced during their distance learning and to identify statistical differences according to the study variables. The researcher used the descriptive method and prepared a questionnaire that included 22 items consisting of three subscales. The participants comprised a total of 456 parents of elementary school students in the Eastern Region, Riyadh, and Asir. The results showed the difficulties were at a high level, and the difficulties were in the following order: the organizational difficulties related to the learning environment, the difficulties related to the educational process, and the difficulties associated with technology. The results also showed statistically significant differences due to the gender, region, age, and educational level variable and that there were not statistically significant differences due to the number of children variable. The researcher recommends the necessity of intensifying efforts from educational institutions to prepare for distance education especially for the elementary stage and providing courses at the elementary stage using distance education to develop study skills and self-learning. Keywords: Distance learning, elementary stage, parents of pupils

Attitude of Elementary Stage Students Towards Animation Software as Innovative Strategy to Ensure Learning Outcomes in Mathematics

Over the period of years, there has been a much emphasis on the attainment of minimum levels of learning by the students. The act ( RTE- 2009) emphasises on child friendly learning activities without fear and anxiety. Learning outcomes at elementary stage is a document having list of grade wise learning outcomes. Researchers and policy makers across the globe are interested in improving learning outcomes in fear free environment, with aid of technology and digital innovative. The present paper is an attempt to create Pawtoon (animation software) as innovative strategy to ensure learning outcomes on basis of identifying types of triangle in mathematics at elementary stage. The purpose of this paper is to study the attitude of students towards Pawtoon as improving the learning outcomes. The sample of the study include 31 VII grade students (15 boys 16 girls) selected in random manner. Findings of the study revealed that both boys and girls showed positive response for pawoon on basis of identifying types of triangle in mathematics. Further, response towards animation software among students is positive. Based on results, conclusions has been drawn that animation software as innovative strategies can ensure learning outcomes in overall holistic and comprehensive manner.

Needed Skills of Teaching Writing Expression in Upper Grades at Primary School: مهارات تدريس التعبير الكتابي اللازمة في الصفوف العليا بالمرحلة الابتدائية

This study aimed to identify the skills of teaching written expression to primary school students. The study relied on the descriptive approach. The study population was among the faculty members who specialize in curricula and teaching Arabic in Saudi universities. The two researchers chose a sample of Arabic language books for the upper grades of the elementary stage, and the researchers prepared a list that included the skills of teaching written expression in the upper grades of the elementary stage, and the research reached identifying the appropriate writing skills teaching in the upper grades of the elementary stage, which consisted of (44) items distributed among Five axes, where the first axis included the skills for teaching content consisting of (11) paragraphs, and the second axis included the skills of teaching the form consisting of (8) paragraphs, and the third axis included the skills of teaching the meaning of (10) paragraphs, and the fourth axis included The skills of teaching discipline consisting of (6) paragraphs, and the fifth axis included the skills of teaching written expression and its relevance to other branches of the Arabic language consisting of (9) paragraphs. It also recommended working towards achieving the skills of teaching written expression for primary school students.

The reality and obstacles of implementing primary teachers with the engineering design in teaching science

The research aims to determine the science teachers' knowledge level in elementary schools about the engineering design concept. It determines the application level of engineering design among the science teachers at the elementary level in teaching science and highlights the obstacles faced in implementing these. The descriptive survey method was used to achieve the research aim by applying a questionnaire to a sample of 97 science teachers in primary schools in Riyadh city. The research was limited to the concepts of engineering design and engineering practices as mentioned in the next generation of NGSS science standards. It was found that science teachers were unaware of the importance of developing engineering design skills among students. It might be due to ineffective teachers' training in engineering design skills development. It is strongly suggested to educate supervisors about the importance of directing male and female teachers to apply engineering design in science teaching for the elementary stage. It is essential to provide appropriate educational laboratories and means for employing engineering design and teaching science for the elementary stage.

TAṬWĪR AL-GANĪ LI AL-AṬFĀL LI TARQIYYATI ISTI'ĀB AL MUFRADĀT AL-'ARABIYYAH

Singing is one of the activities that children prefer almost all children listen to the songs they listen to, especially if the singing is followed by physical movements Almost all children listen to the songs they listen to, especially if the singing is followed by physical movements. Vocabulary is an essential component of language and it plays an important role in the linguistic process, both verbally and in writing there is no doubt that it makes singing a teaching method for teaching Arabic vocabulary, especially in the elementary stage. the method used in this research, it is the method of research, development and experimental, with qualitative and quantitative input, The researcher used the developmental research steps of Sogiyono, but the researcher only performed five steps It is an arbitration of experts and makes this arbitration to know the validity of the developed songs for children in teaching vocabulary to the pupils of the elementary school Normal Islam Rasyidiyah Khalidiyah Amuntai.

Assessing the Reading Skills of the Saudi Elementary Stage EFL Learners

The purpose of this research was to investigate the current practices of assessing L2 reading skills of Saudi EFL elementary stage learners. The research also attempted to offer more effective assessment tools of L2 reading skills than the current ones. For this purpose, a sample of (30) elementary stage EFL classes were observed, and (15) teachers of these classes were interviewed. The collected data were recorded, organized, coded, analyzed, and interpreted qualitatively. The findings revealed that most EFL learners and their instructors practice learning/teaching L2 reading skills driven by exams, focus more on bottom-up approach, and committed to the assigned reading materials ignoring extracurricular ones. Almost all the observations and interviewees’ responses indicated that the assessment measures are affected by the poor learning/teaching practices of the L2 reading skills. It was implied that in order to improve the assessment tools of the L2 reading skills, the teaching practices must be improved first.