Digital Postal Operator as an Important Element of the National Energy Security System

This article presents a solution that strengthens information security in critical infrastructure entities. Critical infrastructure plays a key role in the functioning of the state and the life of its citizens. Therefore, the protection of critical infrastructure is one of priorities in Poland. The aim of this article is to show that designated postal operators may become an important link in the process of information flow and cybersecurity. Based on their multiple-year experience and expended competences, the operators may provide digital services for entities responsible for the energy security infrastructure. Verification of this goal is necessary, since critical infrastructure is exposed to growing threats, both in the area of energy and other sensitive sectors of the economy. Research results presented in the article were obtained by conducting a CATI survey. The study used the purposeful selection method, which allows to influence the structure of a sample in the context of goals set by the authors. The method solicited key information from experts on postal and energy markets. The results constitute a new approach to the role of the designated postal operator. The authors analysed possibilities to support entities that secure critical infrastructure, including those from the energy sector. It shows that the role of the designated postal operator may significantly change. Taking into account the security of information and cybersecurity, the postal operator could expand its competences, secure infrastructure-related information flow, and thus become a key pillar of the state.

technical level of small-town shoemaking in Gdańsk Pomerania in the 14th century

Based on the late medieval leather artefacts from Puck, Gniew, Lębork and Chojnice, an attempt was made to assess the level of shoemaking production at that time. Microscopic analyses of leather goods and production waste proved that in the field of tanning the activities related to the mechanical treatment of leather were carefully performed, although with insufficient professional knowledge concerning the process. The results of the identification of the animal origin of the leather confirmed the purposeful selection of raw material with different properties for individual footwear elements and the ability to properly cut it. The quality of the shoemaking products was highly rated in terms of technology and style. However, in the analysed collections a clearly perceptible difference in craftsmanship and assortment of products from Gniew and the other three towns was noticed.

Development of Electromobility in European Union Countries under COVID-19 Conditions

The introduction of electromobility contributes to an increase in energy efficiency and lower air pollution. European countries have not been among the world’s leading countries in this statistic. In addition, there have been different paces in the implementation of electromobility in individual countries. The main purpose of this paper is to determine the directions of change and the degrees of concentration in electromobility in European Union (EU) countries, especially after the economic closure as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. The specific objectives are to indicate the degree of concentration of electromobility in the EU and changes in this area, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic; to determine the dynamics of changes in the number of electric cars in individual EU countries, showing the variability in this aspect, while also taking into account the crisis caused by COVID-19; to establish the association between the number of electric cars and the parameters of the economy. All EU countries were selected for study by the use of the purposeful selection procedure, as of December 31, 2020. The analyzed period covered the years 2011–2020. It was found that in the longer term, the development of electromobility in the EU, measured by the number of electric cars, is closely related to the economic situation in this area. The crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic has influenced the economic situation in all EU countries, but has not slowed down the pace of introducing electromobility, and may have even accelerated it. In all EU countries, in the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic, the dynamics of introducing electric cars into use increased. The growth rate in the entire EU in 2020 was 86%, while in 2019 it was 48%. The reason was a change in social behavior related to mobility under conditions of risk of infection. COVID-19 has become a positive catalyst for change. The prospects for the development of this type of transport are very good because activities related to the development of the electromobility sector perfectly match the needs related to the reduction of pollution to the environment.

Archaeological and Geological Approaches in the Work on the Project “Materiality and ancient environmental knowledge reconstruction trough archaeological chemistry analytical techniques (RE:MATRIARCHES)”

The study discusses new approaches designed for the purposeful selection of archeological and geological sites and sample collection for analysis via archaeological chemistry techniques. The approaches discussed provide opportunities for coherent interpretation of analytical data in view of the project’s objectives: gaining fundamental knowledge of material culture in different archaeological periods as well as of people’s knowledge of the environment in ancient times.

Incident Cytopenia in a National Cohort Study: The Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke

INTRODUCTION: Cytopenia, defined as low counts in 2 or more blood cell lines is commonly associated with nutritional deficiencies, medications and chronic inflammation. In some individuals, cytopenia may reflect a pre-malignant condition or precursor of hematologic cancer. We recently demonstrated that cytopenia is associated with increased risk of mortality and was predictive of stroke risk in Black individuals (Blacks). In the current study, we sought to determine the sociodemographic and clinical characteristics associated with incident cytopenia in a large biracial prospective study, REasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS). METHODS: The REGARDS study recruited 30,239 Black and White individuals ≥45 years in the United States (US) between 2003 and 2007 (44% Black, ~50% females, 56% living in the southeast US). Socio-demographics and medical history were obtained by telephone interview and self-administered questionnaires, and laboratory studies (including complete blood count [CBC]) from an in-home visit at baseline and at a 10 year follow up visit. Cytopenia was defined as presence of 2 or more of the following: i) Hemoglobin in age-, sex-, and race-specific ≤5th percentile; ii) White cell count in race-specific ≤5th percentile; iii) Platelet count in ≤5th percentile, and iv) Macrocytosis (mean corpuscular volume [MCV] >98fL), due to known differences in CBC based on these demographic characteristics. We excluded participants without CBC at study enrollment and at the 2nd follow up visit, those who had cytopenia at baseline or died before the 10 year follow up visit, yielding an analytic sample of 8,081 participants. Baseline characteristics of those with or without incident cytopenia were tabulated and compared using Chi-Square tests or t-tests. Multivariable logistic regression using a purposeful selection algorithm was performed to identify factors independently associated with incident cytopenia. RESULTS: Incident cytopenia occurred in 213 of 8,081 (2.6%) participants, with the highest incidence in White men ≥65 years (4.6%) and the lowest incidence in Black women <65 years (1.0%). Baseline factors univariately associated with cytopenia are shown in Table 1. The purposeful selection algorithm yielded a multivariable model including the following factors associated with incident cytopenia: older age, male sex, White race, heavy alcohol intake, coronary heart disease, abnormal blood counts at baseline visit including lower white count, lower platelet count, lower hemoglobin and high MCV (all p<0.05) (Table 2). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for this model was 0.81. CONCLUSION: In this large biracial cohort, the incidence of cytopenia was 2.6% over 10 years. Adjusting for baseline blood counts, risk factors for cytopenia included older age, male sex, White race, heavy alcohol intake and coronary heart disease. Baseline blood counts were also important predictors. This study provides valuable insights into the pattern of abnormal blood counts and the sociodemographic and clinical characteristics associated with incident cytopenia. Research is ongoing to define the cause(s) of cytopenia including the role of clonal mutations in the peripheral blood of this population. Figure 1 Figure 1. Disclosures Gangaraju: Alexion: Consultancy; Sanofi Genzyme: Consultancy.

An Intelligent Shopping System based on UHF RFID

In the context of COVID-19, in order to solve the problems that customers need to spend more energy to find products in the supermarket, long checkout queue time, and cumbersome product management, optimize the shopping route of customers, accelerate the shopping process, and reduce the risk of infection; providers exceed Supplier’s sales of goods, and then timely and purposeful selection of goods, simplifying the supply chain process between supermarkets and suppliers. This article designs a multi-terminal interactive intelligent shopping system based on UHF RFID to construct The shopping cart terminal, mobile phone APP terminal, data management system terminal, and three-terminal interactive system with RFID technology as the core are developed. The design uses the UHF RFID system to identify the information in the electronic tags of the goods, and through the navigation function, helps customers locate the desired goods, and realizes the functions of identification, information display, navigation and positioning, and settlement.

Recreational Therapists Consider Leisure Motivation when Evaluating Virtual Reality Games

Virtual reality (VR) interventions can be motivating for clients when presented as treatment in healthcare settings. Researchers know little, however, about the elements of specific VR games that contribute to this motivation. This study aimed to describe differences among a sample of commercially available VR games using the four subscales of the Leisure Motivation Scale (LMS). The research team used a mixed-methods design, and compiled an expert panel of recreational therapists (N = 5) who evaluated eight VR games using Q-sort methodology. Semi-structured interviews generated additional data for the evaluation. Results indicated participants viewed certain VR games as containing elements more closely aligned with each of the LMS subscales of intellectual, social, competence-mastery, and stimulus avoidance than others. These findings represent a critical step in developing guidelines for the purposeful selection of VR games as treatment interventions in recreational therapy practice based on a client’s leisure motivation. Subscribe to TRJ

Moral intelligence in nursing: An evolutionary concept analysis

Background & Aim: Moral intelligence is a foundation and cornerstone of ethics in nursing. However, it is a vague concept which needs to develop. So, this study aimed to analyze the concept of moral intelligence in nursing to help its development and apply it in the context. Methods & Materials: Rodgers's evolutionary concept analysis method was used. Databases of Google Scholar, Science Direct, PubMed/Medline, Scopus, CINAHL, and IranMedex were searched from 2001 to 2020 with moral, ethics, intelligence, and nursing keywords. After considering the inclusion and exclusion criteria and removing irrelevant and duplicate articles, 46 texts were reviewed. The method of analysis was inductive content analysis. Results: The attributes of moral intelligence were identified as considering "individual-social value", "the integrity of feeling, thinking, and action", and "semantic purposefulness". The antecedents included "prepared person", "purposeful selection and upbringing", and "supportive context", and the consequences were "personal and professional development of the nurse", "facilitating holistic care", and "organizational promotion". Based on the attributes of the concept, moral intelligence was defined as: "The cognitive and value-oriented capability of a nurse in managing the problem and conflict resolution process through self-sacrifice and conscious involvement into intra-and-interpersonal relationships to achieve desirable moral and spiritual goals during comprehensive care of the client." Conclusion: In ethical challenges, moral intelligence may function as a cognitive ability by considering individual-social values. It uses a purposeful problem-solving process that is purposeful, seeks meaning, and guides nurses to improve the quality of health services.

Cluster Analysis Of Triticum L. Samples Of Different Ecological And Geographical Origin

This research paper is devoted to the application of cluster analysis for evaluating samples of soft spring wheat by elements of crop structure. The purpose of the study is to analyse the intraspecific and interspecific variability of morphological features of samples of spring wheat of various ecological and geographical origin according to 8 morphological features. Observations were carried out in 2018-2020 in the training and experimental production centre “Doslidne pole” of the Kharkiv National Agrarian University named after V.V. Dokuchaev. The cluster analysis of the collection of spring wheat samples, which included 76 samples of various ecological and geographical origin, allowed the study to assess the following features: the presence of awns, the colour of awns, the colour of ear scales, the pubescence of leaves, the pubescence of the subcrown internode, the pubescence of the ear internode, the colour of caryopsis, the colour of straw. The results of analysis of the phylogeny of various types of spring wheat by cluster analysis using morphological markers to determine homogeneous groups are presented, and the affected tree of systematic formation of clustering groups is established. Based on the cluster analysis, two separate groups of soft spring wheat samples were identified according to the complex of plant productivity elements. Samples are grouped into each cluster depending on the quantitative characteristics of the crop structure and their interaction with each other. In general, all samples over the years of study showed good results, namely based on “colour of awns”, of particular note are the samples of the Tr. persicumspecies. According to the results obtained, all samples have good indicators, and cluster analysis of soft spring wheat samples allowed identifying groups of plants that exceed the parent forms in the optimal set of economically valuable traits, which would allow for a more purposeful selection of valuable forms based on certain traits