Hydrogen Uptake and Release in Carbon Nanotube Electrocatalysts

The recent technique of molecular beam-thermal desorption spectrometry was used here for monitoring hydrogen uptake and release from carbon nanotube networks, after electrochemical hydrogen uptake. This way, an accurate determination of the hydrogen mass absorbed in electrodes made from those assemblies can be achieved by significantly improving the signal-to-noise ratio. The hydrogen desorption mass spectra account for the enhanced surface capability for hydrogen adsorption in the electrodes and enable a comparison with the performance of a palladium electrode in similar conditions. A comparative study involving different carbon nanotube electrodes, in similar hydrogen uptake/desorption conditions, clearly confirmed the expectations about their enhanced hydrogen storage capacity and points to the great potential of carbon nanotube assemblies in replacing the heavier metal alloys as electrocatalysts.

Estimation of Cyclic Voltammetry Data for Srcl₂, Cacl₂ and Their Interaction with Ceftriaxone Sodium Salt in KNO₃ Using Palladium Working Electrode

The cyclic voltammetry data for the redox reaction for strontium chloride and calcium chloride in 0.1M KNO3 pollution were estimated. New palladium electrode was prepared and used as working electrode. Palladium electrode has already redox waves which used as analytical method for the estimation of calcium and strontium in solutions. Also, interaction of both strontium and calcium ions with drug ceftriaxone sodium salt was studied and the data obtained are used for the analytical evaluation for both calcium and strontium. The different kinetic and thermodynamic data was evaluated for the two kinds of ions alone and in the presence of ceftriaxone sodium salt and their data were discussed.

Use of Palladium-Modified Polyaniline Electrode as a Sensitive Element of Fire Sensor

Results of the development of a method for immobilizing nanosized palladium into an electrochemically synthesized polyaniline (PAn) electrically conductive porous matrix to create a sensitive element of an ignition sensor are presented. Two methods of manufacturing a sensitive element in the form of an electrode are investigated. The first method consists in the co-precipitation of polyaniline and palladium on a graphitized butyl rubber substrate in a mode of cycling of potential. It was shown that this method can be used to obtain a volume-porous electrode in which palladium nanoparticles are embedded in a polyaniline matrix. The second method involves the deposition of palladium on a polyaniline film formed on graphitized butyl rubber. It was shown that micron-sized island palladium conglomerates on the surface of a polyaniline film can be obtained by this method. The conclusions made are confirmed by physical research methods and the results of scanning electron microscopy. Investigations of the electrocatalytic properties of the electrode in the sensor model showed that with a change in the H2 concentration formed upon ignition, occurs change in the hydrogen concentration on the surface of metal-catalyst (Pd) and a linear change in the current of electrochemical reaction. Comparison of a composite volume-porous polyaniline electrode with embedded palladium showed its superior efficiency compared to a compact palladium electrode and an electrode in which palladium is deposited on the surface of a polyaniline film. The possibility of using an electrochemical detector based on polyaniline with immobilized palladium nanoparticles for a gas amperometric sensor of low hydrogen concentrations and a fire hazard detector is shown.

Highly Sensitive Copper Heavy Metal Analysis on Nanoparticle Platinum and Palladium Electrode

The copper deposition on the platinum and palladium nanoelectrode has been studied using cyclic voltammetry. The use of nanoelectrode platinum and palladium are defined in the study of heavy metals. The noble nanoelectrode of metal has a typical silicone processing structure. In comparison to the nanoelectrodes, the geometry of the electrode series is complex and balanced. Nanoelectrodes of platinum are found effective in detecting heavy metal. There was regular analysis of the use of the sensors. The identification constraints down to the ng /L level was accomplished by refined electrode geometry and the stripping procedures. The process was used for the study of water sample determination. Another heavy metal ion attack voltammetric reaction was studied. The SEM picture clearly observed and characterized the nanoparticle electrode by X-ray diffraction and cyclic voltammetry.

Reversible gas–solid reaction in an electronically-stimulated palladium nanogap

A reversible gas–solid reaction occurs on the tip surface of a positively biased palladium electrode in nitrogen in ETEM apparatus.