Mazosia hainanensis sp. nov. from tropical China

A new species, Mazosia hainanensis, is described from Hainan, China. It is most similar to M. pseudobambusae but differs by its yellowish green thallus and smaller ascospores (14–18.5 × 3–4 μm). An analysis of its relationships based on molecular phylogeny is given. A key to the Mazosia species recorded in China is also presented.

Globoramichloridium delicatum and Heteroconium simile spp. nov. from southern China

Two new anamorphic fungi, Globoramichloridium delicatum and Heteroconium simile, collected from dead branches of unidentified broadleaf trees in Jiangxi Province, China, are described and illustrated. Globoramichloridium delicatum is characterized by unicellular, subglobose to narrow subnapiform, yellowish-green conidia. Heteroconium simile is distinguished by its monoblastic, integrated, terminal, determinate conidiogenous cells that produce acrogenous, blastocatenate, dimorphic, 0–1-septate, smooth conidia.

ANALYSIS OF TOTAL FLAVONOID LEVELS OF ETHANOL EXTRACT (Cinnamon (Cinnamomum burmanii Blume) LEAVES WITH UV-VIS SPECTROPHOTOMETRY METHOD

Cinnamon plants (Cinnamomum burmani Blume), including plants that have medicinal properties for diabetes mellitus because they contain flavonoid compounds. This study aimed to determine the total flavonoids content of the ethanol extract of cinnamon leaf ethanol extract using UV-Vis spectrophotometry method. The ethanol extract of Cinnamon leaf was obtained by maceration using ethanol as a solvent.The qualitative analysis used FeCl3by forming yellowish green complex. The determination of total flavonoids content is conducted basedon AlCl3method with total flavonoidse xpressed in QE (Quercetin equivalent) at the maximum wavelength of 435 nm. The result showed that the average content of flavonoid total is 19.544 mg QE/g extract.

Re-appraisal of Nertera (Rubiaceae) in Taiwan

A revision of Nertera (Rubiaceae) in Taiwan was carried out by classical taxonomic methods and the presence of two endemic species was confirmed. Only one species, misapplied as N. granadensis, had been reported in the second edition of “Flora of Taiwan”, but there were two additional endemic species in this genus: N. nigricarpa and N. taiwaniana confirmed. Nertera nigricarpa is characterised by the entire leaf, purple-black petals, black fruits and dark-purple seeds with raised striate. Nertera taiwaniana has leaves with undulated margins, yellowish-green petals, red fruits and yellow-white seeds without striate. N. granadensis is excluded from the flora of this Island.

Fluorescence recognition of Zn2+ ion by 1,1′-binaphthyl based on polyamine macrocycle

Chiral polyimine macrocycles were synthesized by the self-condensation of (R)-2,2'-dihydroxy-1,1'-binaphthalene-3,3'-dicarbaldehyde and o-phenylenediamine derivatives under template-free conditions in relatively high yields, and the corresponding polyamine macrocycles were obtained by the reduction of the polyimine macrocycles. The complexation behaviors of the polyamine macrocycles with different metal cations in ethanol were studied based on their UV-vis absorption spectra and fluorescence spectra. No fluorescence was observed for the polyimine macrocycles (R,R)-1–(R,R)-3, however, (R,R)-1H and (R,R)-2H exhibited a “turn-on” blue fluorescence (λem = 415 nm) that were observed upon the addition of Zn2+. Especially, (R,R)-3H complexed with Zn2+ also produced a “turn-on” yellowish green fluorescence (λem = 510 nm).

Paradrymonia vivianensis, una Nueva Especie de Gesneriaceae para el Parque Nacional Cordillera Azul, Perú

Paradrymonia vivianensis R. Rojas & M. M. Mora (Gesneriaceae), a new species discovered in the Chambirillo sector of Cordillera Azul National Park, Peru, is described and illustrated. Paradrymonia vivianensis differs from other members of the genus mainly by its leaves with the leaf blade elliptical to obovate, purplish green above and uniformly purple below, the base subcordate and slightly asymmetric, the margin crenate, and the midvein and secondary veins contrasting yellowish green above.

Phthalocyanine green pigments

The dominant organic green pigments are polyhalogenated copper phthalocyanines (CuPcs). These pigments exhibit similar excellent coloristic and technical performance to CuPc blue pigments and are produced worldwide in large quantities. The green pigments are halogenated CuPcs. There are two pigments with CI designations. CI Pigment Green 7 is a bluish green product, in which the 16 ring hydrogen atoms of the CuPc molecule are replaced virtually completely by chlorine. Products designated as CI Pigment Green 36 incorporate a range of bromo- and bromochlorocopper phthalocyanines and are yellowish-green pigments. CuPc green pigments are manufactured by direct exhaustive halogenation of crude CuPc blue with chlorine or bromine or an appropriate mixture of the two halogens, depending on the composition of the product required. The synthesis is carried out at elevated temperatures in a suitable solvent, commonly a molten AlCl3/NaCl eutectic mixture.

Evaluation of Activity of Tannases Produced by Isolated from Syrian Woody Soils Trichoderma citrinoviride and T. brevicompactum on Tannins Degradation

This study was conducted during the period 2019–2020 to identify Trichoderma spp. isolated from woody soils and assessing their efficacy for biodegradation of tannins through tannase enzyme activity produced. Results obtained confirmed the presence of two species; Trichoderma citrinoviride, which was isolated from Maysalon area near Damascus, and characterized by yellowish green colony with dense growth of spores at the center of the colony, and Trichoderma brevicompactum isolated from the Balluran area near Lattakia characterized by yellow colonies with concentric rings. Trichoderma citrinoviride had higher biodegradation activity, measured by degrading different tannins concentrations (2, 4, 6%) collected from Queircus coccifera from Bmelka area in Tartous in liquid medium and led to 85, 87 and 90% degradation, for the three concentrations, respectively, following 12 days incubation. The activity of the produced tannase was measured to be 37.9 units/mg. Whereas, the decomposition rate of the three tannin concentrations by Trichoderma brevicompactum reached 67, 80 , 89%, respectively, again after 12 days of incubation, with enzyme activity measured to be 35.2 units/mg. Keywords: Trichoderma, tannins, tannase, biodegradation, enzyme activit

Reappraisal of Nertera (Rubiaceae) in Taiwan

Only one species in the genus Nertera, N. granadensis, had been identified in Taiwan. This study discovered that there are two additional species in the genus endemic to Taiwan: N. nigricarpa and N. taiwanian. These species are both distinguishable from N. granadensis through an examination of their holotype and living individuals. N. nigricarpa is characterized by the unapparent or slightly convex leaf venation on the upper surface, spreading leaf margins, purple petals, black fruits, and dark-purple seeds with raised striate. N. taiwanian has leaves with distinctly convex veins on the upper surface, undulated margins, yellowish-green petals, red fruits, and yellow-white seeds without striate.