Implementasi Lampu Peringatan Pada Perlintasan Tanpa Palang Pintu Kereta Api Berbasis Mikrokontroler

This research aims to make a warning light with a microcontroller base as a control system. With the aim of reducing the use of manual systems in general that are in use today. The advantage of this warning light control system is that it functions to reduce the number of accidents that occur and can be used for railroad crossings where there are still no latches that have not been installed on the railroad railroad crossing (wild road). The display of the work system that is made will be monitored using a web monitoring display that supports and is easy to understand. Even though it has some delay in the process, the planned system has run well based on the average delay value. The experimental results show the average delay measured in the system is 0.31 seconds before sending from the node and 0.49 seconds when there is a change in conditions, while when there is data transmission from the node. The measured packet loss on the system is 0% before transmission and fans and 8.88% when data is transmitted from the node.

Effectiveness of Green Warning Lights with Different Flashing Patterns for Winter Maintenance Operations

Snow removal activities are performed by roadway agencies to enhance winter mobility and safety. Slower travel speeds during these operations, combined with low visibility and reduced pavement friction, mean that safety and collision avoidance remain a persistent concern. Many studies have implemented signing and lighting technologies to improve the visibility of snowplows. Although a few studies have evaluated the use of different colors on snowplows, there is no rigorous study that evaluates the potential impacts of using green warning lights for winter maintenance operations. This study, therefore, investigates the impacts of various warning light configurations on the visibility of snowplows, with the focus on green lights. To this end, 37 warning light configurations are designed using various color combinations (green and amber), and flashing patterns (single and quad) on the back (LED), the top (beacon), or both, of snowplows. These configurations are evaluated to identify the most effective configurations. Three sets of experiments are designed and implemented: static, dynamic, and weather to evaluate the visibility effectiveness in different contexts: day versus night, clear versus snowy weather, and static versus dynamic scenarios. Human subjects are employed to conduct the experiments and the test results are evaluated using statistical analyses. The conspicuity during the day time and glare during the night time are statistically different among various configurations. In addition, adding green lights with a single flash pattern to amber warning lights improves the conspicuity, while keeping the glare at an acceptable level relative to configurations using only amber.

Warning Light Flash Frequency as a Method for Visual Communication to Drivers

Service vehicles use flashing warning lights to indicate their presence to approaching drivers. Present standards offer ranges of flash frequencies to enhance conspicuity and avoid potential risks of photosensitive epilepsy or other issues. But, in practice, the flash frequency is not varied in specific situations. Previous studies have indicated that people interpret faster flash frequencies as more “urgent” than slower flash frequencies. Building on these findings, a laboratory study was conducted to identify whether drivers might be able to use cues from the frequency of flashing warning lights to anticipate how a service vehicle might behave in a work zone or other incident scene. The results suggest that even if they are not taught about the interpretation of different flash frequencies, drivers can differentiate between 1 Hz and 4 Hz flashing lights and learn to make accurate predictions about their meaning. The results also indicate that there are no reliable differences between 1 Hz and 4 Hz flashing in relation to a driver’s ability to detect when a service vehicle has begun to move. Based on the results, a preliminary suggestion is made to use lights flashing at 1 Hz when a service vehicle is moving forward, and 4 Hz when it is traveling in reverse.

SISTEM PERINGATAN DINI BANJIR SUNGAI REMU KOTA SORONG BERBASIS SMS GATEWAY

Naiknya level air sungai dari kondisi normalnya dapat menimbulkan kekhawatiran bagi masyarakat yang berada di sekitar sungai. Tak terkecuali warga yang bermukim di sekitar Sungai Remu Kota Sorong. Dari informasi beberapa warga yang tinggal di sekitar sungai Remu Kota Sorong, pada saat hujan lebat yang berlangsung lama, mereka harus bolak-balik ke belakang rumah mereka untuk mengecek tinggi air sungai karena khawatir air naik dengan cepat dan mereka tidak memiliki banyak waktu untuk menyelamatkan barang-barang maupun diri mereka. Oleh karena itu sangat penting untuk membuat sistem peringatan dini banjir bagi warga yang berada di sekitar Sungai Remu Kota Sorong. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini meliputi perancangan perangkat keras dan perangkat lunak. Berdasarkan metode yang digunakan telah berhasil dibuat sebuah alat yang dapat memberikan peringatan dini banjir dimana pada saat air berada pada jarak 5-15 cm dari bibir sungai warning light kuning akan menyala dan sms peringatan siaga akan dikirim ke nomor handphone tertentu. Selanjutnya jika jarak air ke bibir sungai 0-2 cm maka warning light merah dan sirene alarm akan menyala serta sms peringatan banjir akan terkirim.

Behavioral Analysis of Drivers Following Winter Maintenance Trucks Enabled with Collision Avoidance System

Winter maintenance trucks (WMTs) often operate at lower speeds during inclement weather and roadway conditions, creating potential safety issues for motorists following close behind. In this study, a new prototype radar-based rear-end collision avoidance and mitigation system (CAMS) was tested to assess its impact on the behavior of drivers following WMTs. The system is designed to flash an auxiliary rear-facing warning light upon detection of a vehicle encroaching within an unsafe relative headway with the rear of the WMT. A series of field evaluations was performed during actual winter maintenance operations to assess the effectiveness of the system compared with normal operating conditions (i.e., without the CAMS warning light) toward improving driver behavior related to rear-end crash risk. Specifically, two measures were assessed: (a) rate of vehicles encroaching beyond a safe time headway threshold to the rear of the WMT, and (b) the reaction–response time of drivers. Classification and regression tree models were created for identifying the relevant factors influential in determining the change in driver response. The results indicate that this warning light was effective in reducing the likelihood of the subject drivers crossing beyond a relative headway of 4.5 s. It was also effective in reducing the reaction and response times of the drivers by 0.83 and 0.55 s (36% and 20% reduction), respectively. Although the results were encouraging, additional field testing is recommended before conclusions are drawn regarding the traffic safety impacts of the system.