Mitigation of packet loss with end-to-end delay in wireless body area network applications

The wireless body area network (WBAN) has been proposed to offer a solution to the problem of population ageing, shortage in medical facilities and different chronic diseases. The development of this technology has been further fueled by the demand for real-time application for monitoring these cases in networks. The integrity of communication is constrained by the loss of packets during communication affecting the reliability of WBAN. Mitigating the loss of packets and ensuring the performance of the network is a challenging task that has sparked numerous studies over the years. The WBAN technology as a problem of reducing network lifetime; thus, in this paper, we utilize cooperative routing protocol (CRP) to improve package delivery via end-to-end latency and increase the length of the network lifetime. The end-to-end latency was used as a metric to determine the significance of CRP in WBAN routing protocols. The CRP increased the rate of transmission of packets to the sink and mitigate packet loss. The proposed solution has shown that the end-to-end delay in the WBAN is considerably reduced by applying the cooperative routing protocol. The CRP technique attained a delivery ratio of 0.8176 compared to 0.8118 when transmitting packets in WBAN.

Robust predictive Control for Networked Control Systems with Access Constraints

Based on the rolling horizon optimization strategy, the networked robust predictive control with medium access constraints and packet loss is studied. Firstly, considering the influence of network factors such as medium access constraints and packet loss, Markov jump rule and Bernoulli independent and identically distributed process are used to transform the network problem into the robust problem of networked control system. According to the established Markov jump system model and stability analysis, a robust predictive controller for networked control systems is designed by using linear matrix inequality (LMI) method, which makes the system asymptotically stable. Finally, a numerical example is given to verify the effectiveness of the proposed control method.Networked control system; medium access constraints; packet loss; robust predictive controller.

Computer Technology-Based Three-Dimensional Animation Production System Management

Animation is one of the most fascinating industries in recent years. Nowadays, the most popular three-dimensional animation creation design, three-dimensional animation creation is to rely on CG technology to simulate and realize through the powerful computing power of computers. As designers have higher and higher requirements for animation, the animation creation process has become more complicated, so the skill-based management of the 3D animation creation process will be a problem. This article will study the management of the 3D animation creation system based on computer technology. On the basis of the literature, the relevant theory of the 3D animation creation system is understood, and then the computer technology-based 3D animation creation management system is designed, and the designed system is tested. The test results show that the maximum concurrency of the system in this article The number is 400. After 400, the delay time and packet loss of the system start to rise.

Analisis Kinerja Protokol MQTT dan HTTP Pada Akuisisi Data Magnet Berbasis Internet of Things

One of the determinants of the quality of magnetic data is continuous data, so we need a data transmission system that can continuously transmit observational data. In this research, a magnetometer communication system design was carried out with the concept of the Internet of Things (IoT) using the MQTT and HTTP protocol, where measurement data in the form of the x-axis, y-axis, z-axis, horizontal components, and total magnetic field components are displayed on the dashboard in real time and continuously. Testing the performance of sending data is done using the Wireshark, it is known that the MQTT protocol has a better delivery quality compared to the HTPP protocol with an average delay value of 0.0120 seconds, an average value of packet length of 54 bytes and a packet loss value of 0.11%, while the HTTP protocol has an average delay value of 0.0257 seconds, an average packet length value of 268.1 bytes and a packet loss value of 0.5%.

Factors Affecting the Accessibility of Voice Telephony for People with Hearing Loss: Audio Encoding, Network Impairments, Video and Environmental Noise

This paper describes four studies with a total of 114 individuals with hearing loss and 12 hearing controls that investigate the impact of audio quality parameters on voice telecommunications. These studies were first informed by a survey of 439 individuals with hearing loss on their voice telecommunications experiences. While voice telephony was very important, with high usage of wireless mobile phones, respondents reported relatively low satisfaction with their hearing devices’ performance for telephone listening, noting that improved telephone audio quality was a significant need. The studies cover three categories of audio quality parameters: (1) narrowband (NB) versus wideband (WB) audio; (2) encoding audio at varying bit rates, from typical rates used in today's mobile networks to the highest quality supported by these audio codecs; and (3) absence of packet loss to worst-case packet loss in both mobile and VoIP networks. Additionally, NB versus WB audio was tested in auditory-only and audiovisual presentation modes and in quiet and noisy environments. With WB audio in a quiet environment, individuals with hearing loss exhibited better speech recognition, expended less perceived mental effort, and rated speech quality higher than with NB audio. WB audio provided a greater benefit when listening alone than when the visual channel also was available. The noisy environment significantly degraded performance for both presentation modes, but particularly for listening alone. Bit rate affected speech recognition for NB audio, and speech quality ratings for both NB and WB audio. Packet loss affected all of speech recognition, mental effort, and speech quality ratings. WB versus NB audio also affected hearing individuals, especially under packet loss. These results are discussed in terms of the practical steps they suggest for the implementation of telecommunications systems and related technical standards and policy considerations to improve the accessibility of voice telephony for people with hearing loss.

Sistem Monitoring Kadar Gas Metana (Ch4), Gas Amonia (Nh3) Dan Gas Karbon Dioksida (Co2) Pada Tempat Pembuangan Sampah Untuk Pencegahan Penyakit Ispa Berbasis Wireless Sensor Network

Adanya teknologi Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) dimanfaatkan untuk membuat sistem sistem monitoring kadar gas pada tempat pembuangan akhir sampah, khususnya tiga gas yang akan dimonitoring yaitu gas metana (CH4), gas amonia (NH3) dan gas karbondioksida (CO2) yang dapat mengakibatkan penyakit infeksi saluran pernafasan. Sistem monitoring ini memanfaatkan teknologi Wireless Sensor Network supaya dapat memonitoring daerah yang lebih luas dengan menggunakan jumlah node yang banyak. Hasil komunikasi menggunakan modul nRF24L01 dari node sensor ke server dengan model komunikasi peer to peer dalam kondisi Line of Sight dapat berkomunikasi pada jarak maksimal 120meter dengan rata – rata delay yaitu 6.98s dan packet loss saat pengiriman data sebanyak 14% yang termasuk kategori buruk menurut ITU-T G.114. Kemudian untuk mengetahui kualitas jaringan saat melakukan pengiriman data dari server ke firebase dengan software wireshark didapatkan delay 261ms, kemudian untuk packet loss didapatkan nilai 8.3% masuk ke dalam kategori baik menurut ITU-T G.114.

Rancang Bangun Sistem Akses Rumah Indekos Menggunakan QR Code Berbasis Mikrokontroler dengan Payment Reminder System pada Aplikasi Android

Rumah indekos merupakan tempat tinggal sementara dan dijadikan sebagai tempat untuk menyimpan barang-barang berharga. Salah satu sarana yang perlu ditingkatkan adalah keamanan pagar dan pintu rumah, karena rumah seringkali menjadi sasaran bagi orang yang ingin berbuat kejahatan, sehingga sistem keamanan sangat dibutuhkan. Salah satu cara yang bisa dilakukan untuk mengamankan pagar dan pintu rumah adalah menggunakan kunci pintu digital. Sistem keamanan pada kunci pintu rumah disaat ini mayoritas ialah sistem keamanan manual berbentuk kunci gembok konvensional. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan pengembangan sebuah sistem untuk memberikan tingkat akurasi keamanan yang lebih baik pada pintu kamar dan pagar indekos, dan sistem pengingat waktu pembayaran agar pembayaran indekos lebih terkontrol. Untuk membuka pagar dan pintu kamar penghuni indekos melakukan pemindaian kode QR dengan aplikasi android sehingga dapat mengakses pagar dan pintu kamar tersebut. Penghuni indekos yang statusnya belum membayar uang sewa akan diberi peringatan berupa pop up di aplikasi android. Setelah dilakukan pengujian sistem miniatur rumah indekos, maka didapatkan hasil pengujian yaitu berupa keberhasilan uji fungsionalitas miniatur rumah indekos yang telah dibuat, uji fungsionalitas aplikasi SmartKos pada smartphone android, database firebase, dan keakuratan komunikasi data antara firebase dan NodeMCU berupa delay dengan nilai terburuk pada pengukuran ke-3 dengan nilai 3.89 detik, throughput yang paling baik adalah pada pengukuran ke-3 dengan nilai 43864 bps, packet loss pada penelitian ini memiliki indeks 4 karena memiliki nilai packet loss sebesar 0%.

Applying switching and multiple access model for reducing packet loss and network overheads in watm

As an effectual simple wireless equivalent created in the telecommunications (telephone) industry, Wireless Asynchronous Transfer Mode (WATM) is utilized to stream unified traffics like video, data, and voice data. In the asynchronous data transfer mode, voice data transfer a packet with the same medium, and data share the networks and burst data. Effective WATM data transmission requires an extensive array of designs, techniques used for control, and simulation methodologies. The congestion of the network is among the key challenges that lower the entire WATM performance during this procedure, in addition to the delay in cell and the overload of traffic. The congestions cause cell loss, and it requires expensive switches compared to the LAN. Consequently, in this current study, the application of an effectual switching model together with a control mechanism that possesses multiple accesses is employed. The multiple access process and switching model are utilized to establish an effective data sharing process with minimum complexity. The switching model uses the synchronous inputs and output ports with buffering to ensure the data sharing process. The traffic in the network is decreased, and the loss of packets in the cells is efficiently kept to a minimum by the proposed technique. The system being discussed is employed through the utilization of software employed using OPNET 10.5 simulation, with the valuation of the WATM along with the investigational outcomes accordingly. The system's efficiency is assessed by throughput, latency, cell loss probability value (CLP), overhead network, and packet loss. Thus, the system ensures the minimum packet loss (0.1 %) and high data transmission rate (96.6 %)