Revitalizing Local Wisdom in Balinese Simile: An Effort to Enhance Balinese Youth Character

The moral message in local languages is often referred to as local wisdom. Local wisdom plays a very important role in people's lives since it is used as a means and basis for solving their encountered various problems. As one of the big local languages in Indonesia, the Balinese language contains many figurative languages that are rich in local wisdom values. The values have proven to be a shield to protect the Balinese people and their culture from the globalization attack. For this reason, local wisdom found in Balinese figurative language needs to be revitalized to be understood and implemented by the younger generation of Bali. One of the figurative languages studied in this study is the simile. Similes of the Balinese language are studied by combining three approaches, namely ecolinguistic, pragmatic, and cultural approaches, to reach detailed analysis results. Simile as part of a metaphor is an expression or discourse conveyed by the speaker indirectly to the interlocutor with certain aims and objectives. The ecolinguistic approach examines the form, function, and meaning or ideology contained in metaphorical language. Meanwhile, a pragmatic approach and a cultural approach are used to assist the ecolinguistic approach in uncovering the functions of figurative language in society and explaining the meaning or ideology existing in Balinese society. The values were reviewed for relevance to the current people's lives contaminated by information technology and tourism development.

Authors’ Figurative Expressions From Two Novels: A Comparative Analysis Between RTJNA Rosso and RTJNA Blu

Stylistic analysis of the novels Reisei To Jounetsu No Aida Rosso by Ekuni Kaori and Reisei To Jounetsu No Aida Bluu by Hitonari Tsuji is an analysis of metaphorical language style as a figurative language used to express the author's thoughts, personality, and perspectives. The use of distinctive language in a work shows the characteristics of individualism and the style of each author in conveying ideas through the medium of language. This study uses the metaphorical perspective of Michael C. Halley and Stephen Ullman. The results of the analysis show that the use of an author's language style provides information about the author's cultural background and the context in which they communicate. The metaphorical language style is used by the authors to express feelings and express different thoughts and each author has a uniqueness or specialty style which can be felt in a significant way by the readers of their works.

Figures

Chapter 4 considers a central tool of poets—the making of “figures.” It brings forward the ways in which imagery can privilege the visual and yet maintain complex, multisensory dimensions that draw the reader into a bodily encounter. It discusses metaphors and similes as types of comparison that can be both conventional and unstable, in that they invite the reader to draw conclusions about analogous qualities that cannot be fully disclosed. Metaphorical language for the deity is discussed. While some biblical poems explain their use of metaphors and symbols, many do not. When figures are symbolic, they remain open, relying on the reader to complete their significance. This analysis underscores the way in which poems are embedded in ancient contexts and simultaneously remain open to new contexts. Personification and anthropomorphism are presented as ecologically rich modes for negotiating the human being’s relationship to the more-than-human world. This chapter ends with a reading of Psalm 65.

Ways of Contemporary Theopoetics: Mystery, Process, Event

The article examines the development of post-metaphysical discourses, united by the term “theopoetics”, that can be divided into two separate stages: the beginning of theopoetics out of the death-of-God movement in the 1970s, and its rebirth in the 1990s. The first one arises as a “non-metaphysical” alternative to conceptual systematics of theology in the use of religious metaphorical language. And the last one results in two main streams: as the process theology in the search of “different” metaphysics, as opposed to classical substantive one, in order to open the doors for interreligious diversity based on continuous universal values, and as hermeneutics and deconstruction, more intolerant of any metaphysics, where theopoetics acquires the meaning of narratives with Jesus as the central element, which determines its radical kenotic methodology. These are the ways of theopoetics that are wanted to be explored in this article.

Metaphorical language in second language learners' essays: Products and processes

<p>This two-phase project investigated metaphorical language use in second language learners’ essays from both perspectives of products and processes. The first phase relied on text analysis to examine the patterns of metaphorical language use in 396 undergraduate essays at four different year levels, focusing on the metaphoricity and the phraseology of their metaphorical language. The study has shown that there were differences in metaphorical language use at different year levels. Metaphorical language use was also found to correlate with writing grades. Conventional metaphorical language use, in particular, significantly explained writing grades. The second phase explored the learners’ thoughts behind their written production of metaphorical language using data from computer-logged keystrokes and stimulated retrospective interviews. It was found that there was a relationship between the locations and durations of the pauses and the metaphoricity and phraseology of the metaphorical language the participants produced. The study has shown that learners had low awareness of the metaphorical nature of the language they used, and that the underlying thoughts behind their metaphorical language use involved more non-metaphoric than metaphoric thinking. The project has added new knowledge to current scholarship of metaphor in second language learning and has significant implications for the teaching of L2 vocabulary and writing.</p>

Metaphorical language in second language learners' essays: Products and processes

<p>This two-phase project investigated metaphorical language use in second language learners’ essays from both perspectives of products and processes. The first phase relied on text analysis to examine the patterns of metaphorical language use in 396 undergraduate essays at four different year levels, focusing on the metaphoricity and the phraseology of their metaphorical language. The study has shown that there were differences in metaphorical language use at different year levels. Metaphorical language use was also found to correlate with writing grades. Conventional metaphorical language use, in particular, significantly explained writing grades. The second phase explored the learners’ thoughts behind their written production of metaphorical language using data from computer-logged keystrokes and stimulated retrospective interviews. It was found that there was a relationship between the locations and durations of the pauses and the metaphoricity and phraseology of the metaphorical language the participants produced. The study has shown that learners had low awareness of the metaphorical nature of the language they used, and that the underlying thoughts behind their metaphorical language use involved more non-metaphoric than metaphoric thinking. The project has added new knowledge to current scholarship of metaphor in second language learning and has significant implications for the teaching of L2 vocabulary and writing.</p>

The King Never Dies: Royal Renunciation and the Fiction of Jain Sovereignty

To theorize Jain sovereignty, this essay takes up Ernst Kantorowicz’s underlying query of what happens when a king dies. In turning to medieval Jain authors such as Jinasena, we see how sovereignty and renunciation were mutually constituted such that the king’s renunciation completely subverts the problem of the king’s death. If the fiction of Jain kingship properly practiced culminates in renunciation, then such a movement yields up a new figure of the ascetic self-sovereign. Renunciation does not sever sovereignty but extends it into a higher spiritual domain. Worldly and spiritual sovereignty share a metaphorical language and set of techniques that render them as adjacent but hierarchical spheres of authority. In so doing, Jain authors provide a religious answer to a political problem and make the political inbuilt into the religious, thereby revealing their interpenetrating and bounded nature.

The Interpreter as Actor: Towards a Theatre-Informed Interpreting pedagogy

One of the many ways in which metaphorical language has been used to describe spoken language interpreting has drawn on the similarities the interpreters’ work shares with that of stage actors endeavouring to imitate the style and demeanour of different speakers. The parallels between interpreters and actors, however, run much deeper: both share a similar relationship with the written and spoken word; both rely on their verbal and non-verbal communication skills to encode and decode information transmitted in real time in front of an audience; both receive immediate feedback on their performance and rely on similar tools when preparing for one. By outlining the main areas in which their working and training paths intersect, it is the aim of this study to attempt to chart the interfaces between interpreters and actors and thereby contribute to the development of a theatre-informed interpreting pedagogy.

Burn the Witch! A Comparison between the Portrayal of Sorceress Babylon in Isaiah 47 and the Figure of the Witch in Maqlû

In chapter 47 of the Book of Isaiah the fall of Babylon is described in metaphorical language: the arrogant queen Babylon is condemned for having practiced witchcraft since her youth. The evil which she inflicted on her victims will befall herself, and her downfall will be swift and without warning. Her dire fate follows that of her fellow sorcerers, who have perished in fire and flames. This article compares the portrayal of Babylon and her demise in Isa 47 with the Mesopotamian anti-witchcraft series Maqlû and discusses the shared terminology and the striking similarity of themes, such as the indictment of the witch, the gender-stereotype, the reversal of fate, and the condemnation to death by burning. The thematic, and sometimes lexical, overlap may indicate that Deutero-Isaiah incorporated Mesopotamian ideas about (counter-)witchcraft in his own composition, being exposed to local magico-religious thought whilst maintaining a critical stance towards it.