Development of a method for assessing forecast of social impact in regional communities

The development of the social aspect of the world community is closely related to the expansion of the range of digital services in cyberspace. A special place in which social networks occupy. The world's leading states are conducting information operations in this environment to achieve geopolitical goals. Such processes are reflected in real social and political life. This makes it possible to influence not only the social groups of society, but also to ensure manipulation in political "games" in the conduct of hybrid wars. The simultaneous interaction of social factors, influencing factors, the presence of communities in social networks forms a full-fledged socio-cyber-physical system capable of integrating real and virtual interactions to manage regional communities. The article proposes a method for predicting the assessment of social mutual influence between “formal” and “informal” leaders and regional societies. The proposed models make it possible to form not only a forecast of the influence of agents, but also the interaction of various agents, taking into account their formal and informal influences, the use of administrative resources, political moods of the regional society. This approach allows dynamic modeling based on impact and relationship analysis. The presented results of simulation modeling do not contradict the results of opinion polls and make it possible to form a set of measures that can be aimed at overcoming the negative impact on the regional society of both individual “leaders” and political parties. Analysis of the simulation results allows to increase both the political and social stability of the regional society, helps to prevent conflict moods and contradictions.

Assessing the Role of Leadership Mechanisms for Inter-agency Collaboration and Information Sharing Success in Indonesia

Previous studies have identified leadership as an essential factor influencing inter-agency collaboration and information sharing in government settings. This study argues that some unique characteristics of inter-agency information sharing (IIS) initiatives across different jurisdictions and levels of government call for particular types of leadership. Specifically, this study uses data from in-depth interviews with fifteen public officials in Indonesia to better understand the role of leadership in inter-agency collaboration and information sharing initiatives. Findings from the interviews support two leadership mechanisms influencing IIS in Indonesia: executive involvement and exercise of formal authority, whereas the role of informal leaders seems to be less important in this case. It seems that in some developing countries such as Indonesia, informal leaders are not as influential to the success of IIS initiatives as formal ones, due to the influence of organizational culture.

PROGRESSIVE FARMERS AS CATALYSTS FOR REGENERATION IN RURAL AREAS THROUGH FARMER TO FARMER EXTENSION APPROACH

Progressive farmers that are labeled as self-help extension workers may play an active role, have control over their own community, take a role in society and be more involved in agricultural development. The results of this study show that currently, the capacity of progressive farmers as self-help extension workers, especially in terms of technical matters, is good enough. Therefore, they have the potential to develop their communities and the opportunity to become independent and equal partners with the government extension workers, not as “government extension assistants” like the current stigma. One of the solutions of compiling a road map for the development of young agropreneurs, is by optimizing the role of progressive farmers as selfhelp extension workers in encouraging the acceleration of farmer’s regeneration. It has been proven that progressive farmers as self-help extension workers have good communication skills in providing examples and encouraging young farmers to love jobs in the agricultural sector therefore, eroding the bad perception of working in the agricultural sector. In addition, they have good capacity potential in empowering fellow farmers. This is identified from their ability as self-help extension workers in terms of technical assistance, disseminating innovations according to farmers’ needs, providing training to partner farmers, becoming informal leaders and maintaining local wisdom.

Leading innovation through employees’ participation: Plural leadership in employee-driven innovation practices

Plural leadership has gained a lot of attention, challenging traditional individualistic leadership models and moving the focus to the dynamic and collective nature of leadership. This leadership paradigm seems particularly relevant in situations where plurality is involved to cope with complexity and uncertainty: a valid example is the context of innovation. In this study, we explore how plural leadership works in the context of employee-driven innovation (EDI), since these initiatives can provide interesting insights about the interactions between formal and informal leaders. Our empirical analysis supports the idea that EDI involves plural leadership. We identified some similarities with two of the streams theorized by Denis, Langley and Sergi (2012) in “Leadership in the Plural”, namely “sharing leadership in teams” and “producing leadership through interaction.” Through multiple case studies, it was possible to extend those streams and to deepen our understanding of the relationship between formal and informal leaders. We conceptualized two leadership roles (i.e., process leadership and content leadership), which enable plural leadership to meet the competing demand of exploration and exploitation, and we revealed elements that help explain why and when leadership is shared between multiple individuals.

Contradictory Conservation: The Role of Leadership in Shaping Energy Efficiency Culture in Urban Residential Cooperative Buildings

In addition to formalized leadership roles within organizations, leadership can also influence members through informal channels. This work argues that multifamily residential buildings can be viewed as organizations and, as such, explores the influence that informal leaders can wield in shaping culture around the motivation for conserving energy. This work draws on qualitative fieldwork conducted in a Brooklyn cooperative building. Findings indicate that the study building benefitted from the leadership of a long-standing board member, which contributed to the implementation of a number of energy efficiency initiatives. Interestingly, this leadership also led to a culture of cost efficiency over environmental concern as the motivating force behind these initiatives. This narrative was well disseminated, with most residents reporting that the building does not have a culture of conservation, despite a strong energy efficiency leaning. Thus, this work posits that leadership can greatly shape perception and culture around energy but can also be leveraged to craft a more environmentally-motivated conservation culture. It also argues that leadership can be complementary to decentralized organizational structures, and that creative mechanisms in residential buildings can capitalize on both, allowing members at all levels of the organization more influence in shaping the building’s culture.

Interest of Moscow Youth in Non-Traditional Religions, Eastern Religions and Esoteric Teachings

This article presents the results of a study of the level of confidence of the population of the NCFD in the demonstration of their religious feelings by officials and their interaction with religious institutions. It also examines the degree of public confidence in informal leaders in their desire to demonstrate their commitment to religion with the help of ethno-religious instruments of influence on the North Caucasian society. The results of the analysis show that the level of trust of the residents of the North Caucasus Federal District to such manifestations by officials and informal leaders is low. The vast majority of the popu- 90 lation does not believe in the sincerity of these manifestations. At the same time, the respondents showed more unanimity in the negative answers than in the positive ones. There was no correlation between the respondents ' religious affiliation and their level of trust in politicians and informal leaders. In their assessments, respondents chose less categorical answers ("rather, I agree", "rather, I disagree"). Experts also more often said that the population of their republics is suspicious of the demonstrative display of religiosity by officials, and of the attempts of leaders of informal religious organizations to influence the population by using an ethno-religious tool.

Cultural and Religious Belief Approaches of a Tuberculosis Program for Hard-to-Reach Populations in Mentawai and Solok West Sumatera, Indonesia

Tuberculosis (TB) is a leading public health concern in Indonesia. It ranks second on the list of high-burden TB countries. In West Sumatra, 47% of TB cases are undetected, late diagnosed, and received incomplete treatment because of low-level awareness and knowledge and stigma, especially among the hardest to reach populations. The study aims to identify the best communication channel to reach those who live in vulnerable and remote areas. This study was a qualitative study applying in-depth interviews to the informal leaders, health officers, cultural artists, and religious leaders across districts in Mentawai and Solok Districts, which are remote and had the lowest case detection rates compared with other districts. The questionnaire was prepared with the perception of the channel to identify TB cases. The data were analyzed using the content analysis technique. Involving religious and informal leaders and using traditional music as a communication channel improved the population's awareness of TB symptoms and access to TB testing and treatment, as well as reduced TB-related stigma. This study found that the cultural and religious contexts play a major role in health communication on TB control for hard-to-reach populations in West Sumatera, Indonesia.

LINTASAN PENGHIDUPAN (LIVELIHOOD TRAJECTORIES) DAN MIGRASI LINGKUNGAN DI DELTA MAHAKAM

The studies of environmental migration are still limited in Indonesia. Within the limited literature in the Indonesian context, Research Center for Population LIPI has conducted studies on environmental migration in 2015-2016 and the abandonment of shrimp pond due to migration in 2013 in Delta Mahakam, East Kalimantan. Using Livelihood Trajectories (LT) approach, this paper aims to examine the people’s adaptation in Delta Mahakam related to environmental migration. The LT approach gives more understanding of the adaptation process that leads to migration decision-making. By applying a qualitative approach using interviews and focus group discussion (FGD), data are collected related to the changes of landscape livelihood and the adaptation to respond to it. The interviews and FGD conducted with farmers, fishers, aquaculture farmers who move or stay and with formal/informal leaders and patron. In the case of Delta Mahakam, migration becomes a strategy for adaptation. The decision to migrate is not an instant decision-making process but as a part of trajectories to sustain their livelihood.

Examining the Role of Relative Age on Leadership Behaviours among Female Ice Hockey Players: An Exploratory Investigation

The aim of this study was to examine the influence of relative age on self-reported leadership behaviors among competitive female ice hockey players. Secondary purposes included examining whether a relative age effect (RAE) was present within the sample and if leadership behaviors differed according to leader status (i.e., formal versus informal leaders). Canadian female ice hockey players (ages 15-18 years) completed an online survey that contained the Leadership Scale for Sport along with additional demographic questions. Players were segmented into birth quartiles based upon Hockey Canada’s selection date and classified by leadership status. The MANOVA suggested that the frequency of leadership behaviors displayed by these athletes did not differ across birth quartiles. Furthermore, although there was a RAE trend within this sample of competitive female ice hockey players, the differences relative to population distributions were not statistically significant. Finally, formal leaders (i.e., captains/alternate captains) reported higher levels of social support, positive feedback, democratic behavior, and training and instruction than informal leaders. It appears that relative age is not a discriminating factor with respect to leadership behaviors. Competitive female ice hockey may be an avenue for all players, regardless of their date of birth, to develop and demonstrate leadership.