Optimization and Simulation of an English-Assisted Reading System Based on Wireless Sensor Networks

In this paper, wireless sensor network technology is applied to an English-assisted reading system to highly simulate and restore the context and improve the performance of all aspects of the English-assisted reading system to optimize the English-assisted reading system. The product designed in this paper is based on wireless sensor network technology with Linux as the core operating system and supports POSIX (Portable Operating System Interface Standard) standard application development interface; QT is used as the component and framework of the system to support many applications. Based on player open-source multimedia audio and video technology, optimized and tailored for the hardware platform, it well supports multimedia learning and entertainment functions; this paper also adopts open-source database technology based on SQL (Structured Quevy Language) and Berkeley DB, using them as a platform for data storage and access, supporting a million-level thesaurus and high-speed, example sentence search. In this paper, we describe the user’s personalized needs by creating interest models for the user, recommending the text content, and reading order that can help with understanding through the interest models and reading articles and expanding the recommended text range by making expansions to the reading content through references and related articles to further help the user understand the text. Based on the above work, this paper implements an assisted reading system; finally, a multihop self-organizing network system is formed through a wireless sensor network to make the rigid and boring English reading easy and interesting.

Lung Nodule Detectability of Artificial Intelligence-assisted CT Image Reading in Lung Cancer Screening

Background: Artificial intelligence (AI)-based automatic lung nodule detection system improves the detection rate of nodules. It is important to evaluate the clinical value of AI system by comparing AI-assisted nodule detection with actu-al radiology reports. Objective: To compare the detection rate of lung nodules between the actual radiology reports and AI-assisted reading in lung cancer CT screening. Methods: Participants in chest CT screening from November to December 2019 were retrospectively included. In the real-world radiologist observation, 14 residents and 15 radiologists participated to finalize radiology reports. In AI-assisted reading, one resident and one radiologist reevaluated all subjects with the assistance of an AI system to lo-cate and measure the detected lung nodules. A reading panel determined the type and number of detected lung nodules between these two methods. Results: In 860 participants (57±7 years), the reading panel confirmed 250 patients with >1 solid nodule, while radiolo-gists observed 131, lower than 247 by AI-assisted reading (p<0.001). The panel confirmed 111 patients with >1 non-solid nodule, whereas radiologist observation identified 28, lower than 110 by AI-assisted reading (p<0.001). The accuracy and sensitivity of radiologist observation for solid nodules were 86.2% and 52.4%, lower than 99.1% and 98.8% by AI-assisted reading, respectively. These metrics were 90.4% and 25.2% for non-solid nodules, lower than 98.8% and 99.1% by AI-assisted reading, respectively. Conclusion: Comparing with the actual radiology reports, AI-assisted reading greatly improves the accuracy and sensi-tivity of nodule detection in chest CT, which benefits lung nodule detection, especially for non-solid nodules.

Characteristics of migrants to Japan with TB and implications for pre-migration TB screening

Background Japan plans to introduce pre-entry tuberculosis (TB) screening for those traveling from the Philippines, China, Vietnam, Nepal, Indonesia, and Myanmar, who are intending to stay in Japan for more than 90 days, in 2020. According to its screening algorithm, migrants will be screened by chest X-ray and those with abnormal findings will be asked to undergo sputum testing. We analyzed the characteristics of foreign-born TB patients coming from the above six countries, to identify some potential issues. Methods Data on foreign-born patients who had been newly notified with active pulmonary TB (PTB) in 2018 and 2017, and who had entered Japan in the same year they were notified, was extracted from the Japan TB Surveillance system. We assumed that these patients approximated to those hypothetical migrants who would be detected by pre-entry TB screening, and analyzed them by basic socio-demographic characteristics, radiological findings, and bacteriological test results. Results In 2017 and 2018, a total of 1,915 foreign-born PTB patients were notified from the above six countries. Of them, 19.9% (n = 381) had entered Japan in the same year they were notified. Among the 381, 23.9% (n = 50) had cavitary lesion, 27.3% (n = 57) were smear positive, and 48.9% (n = 73) were culture positive. 34.4% (n = 72) were both smear and culture negative, and the diagnosis would have depended on radiographical presentation. However, among the 72, the majority i.e. 87.5%, presented with non-cavitary pulmonary involvement. Conclusions Considering that approximately a third of TB patients who would may detected by the pre-entry screening are likely to be bacteriologically negative, Japan must ensure that the clinics conducting the pre-entry TB screening have access to high-quality radiography with expert interpretations, such as teleradiology and computer-assisted reading. Key messages A third of TB patients who would may detected by the pre-entry screening are likely to be bacteriologically negative. It is critical that clinics conducting screening have access to high-quality radiography with expert interpretations, such as teleradiology and computer-assisted reading.

Teaching English to Pakistani Mainstream School Dyslexic Students through Computer-Assisted Reading Materials

The present research aims at investigating the potential of indigenously developed computer-assisted reading materials for teaching the English language to dyslexic students of elementary level in Pakistani mainstream schools. In doing this, grade VI students from a public school were screened using the Learning Disabilities Checklist. Twenty purposively selected participants with a checklist score of 50% or more formed the study sample. Computer-assisted reading materials were designed in the light of Mayer's (2005) Cognitive Theory of Multimedia Learning. A two-week treatment was administered to the students in the computer lab of a public high school. Data collected from the pretest and post-test scores of the participants were analyzed using descriptive statistics and paired sample t-test. The study's findings reveal the efficacy of specifically designed computer-assisted reading materials for teaching the English language to Pakistani mainstream school dyslexic students of elementary level.

Teaching English to Pakistani Mainstream School Dyslexic Students through Computer-Assisted Reading Materials

The present research aims at investigating the potential of indigenously developed computer-assisted reading materials for teaching the English language to dyslexic students of elementary level in Pakistani mainstream schools. In doing this, grade VI students from a public school were screened using the Learning Disabilities Checklist. Twenty purposively selected participants with a checklist score of 50% or more formed the study sample. Computer-assisted reading materials were designed in the light of Mayer's (2005) Cognitive Theory of Multimedia Learning. A two-week treatment was administered to the students in the computer lab of a public high school. Data collected from the pretest and post-test scores of the participants were analyzed using descriptive statistics and paired sample t-test. The study's findings reveal the efficacy of specifically designed computer-assisted reading materials for teaching the English language to Pakistani mainstream school dyslexic students of elementary level.