A-29 Lack of Performance Differences on the RCFT between Administration Methods in Adults with ADHD

Objective The Rey Complex Figure Test (RCFT) has the potential to assess executive function deficits commonly associated with ADHD. While commonly scored using the visuospatial criterion established in the Qualitative Scoring System (QSS), alternative methods have incorporated administration using colored pencils to evaluate planning and organization. Existing literature has discouraged administration using the colored pencil approach given suggestion that distractibility will impair performance. The current study challenged the assumption that individuals with distractibility should not be exposed to color administration. Methods Data was extracted from files of ADHD individuals previously assessed at a southern Florida hospital. A total of 25 participants (11 females and 14 males) were included in the analysis. Methods of analysis included independent t-tests and ANOVA to explore moderating factors of age, sex, race and diagnostic presentation. Results This study found that performance across the various parts of the test were not significantly different based on administration method (t = −1.021, p = 0.318, 95% CI: −4.3755, 1.4845). Interestingly, an ANOVA revealed no significant differences between the broad demographic groups in their performance. Independent t-test did not indicate that the RCFT performance could differentiate between types of ADHD (t = 0.118, p = 0.907, 95% CI: −2.8420, 3.1862). Conclusion In contrast to the RCFT manual, the results of the data analysis revealed no significant differences between administration methods in a highly inattentive population group. This study provides the basis for the introduction of studying the RCFT as a diagnostic tool for re-assessing ADHD throughout adulthood.

Automated scoring for a Tablet-based Rey Figure copy task differentiates constructional, organisational, and motor abilities

Accuracy in copying a figure is one of the most sensitive measures of visuo-constructional ability. However, drawing tasks also involve other cognitive and motor abilities, which may influence the final graphic produced. Nevertheless, these aspects are not taken into account in conventional scoring methodologies. In this study, we have implemented a novel Tablet-based assessment, acquiring data and information for the entire execution of the Rey Complex Figure copy task (T-RCF). This system extracts 12 indices capturing various dimensions of drawing abilities. We have also analysed the structure of relationships between these indices and provided insights into the constructs that they capture. 102 healthy adults completed the T-RCF. A subgroup of 35 participants also completed a paper-and-pencil drawing battery from which constructional, procedural, and motor measures were obtained. Principal component analysis of the T-RCF indices was performed, identifying spatial, procedural and kinematic components as distinct dimensions of drawing execution. Accordingly, a composite score for each dimension was determined. Correlational analyses provided indications of their validity by showing that spatial, procedural, and kinematic scores were associated with constructional, organisational and motor measures of drawing, respectively. Importantly, final copy accuracy was found to be associated with all of these aspects of drawing. In conclusion, copying complex figures entails an interplay of multiple functions. T-RCF provides a unique opportunity to analyse the entire drawing process and to extract scores for three critical dimensions of drawing execution.

Psychometric properties of the Raven's Standard Progressive Matrices in a Portuguese sample

Objective: Psychometric properties of Raven's Standard Progressive Matrices in a Portuguese community sample were investigated. Method: The sample consists of 522 people (250 men and 272 women), aged between 12 and 95 years. All participants completed an informed consent form and a battery of neuropsychological tests, including Raven's Standard Progressive Matrices (RSPM), Rey 15-Item Memory Test, Zung Self-Rating Anxiety Scale, and Rey Complex Figure Test. Results: The average in RSPM was 41.18 (SD = 12.03). The results showed that all sociodemographic variables (age, sex, education, profession, regions, and place of residence) significantly influenced RSPM scores. The reliability and temporal stability of RSPM were adequate. Conclusions: This study suggests that RSPM is an instrument with potential for use among the Portuguese population.

Endovascular treatment and cognitive outcome after anterior circulation ischemic stroke

The impact of reperfusion therapies on cognition has been poorly explored and little knowledge exists. We explored the influence of endovascular treatment (EVT) on cognitive outcome in patients with anterior circulation ischemic stroke. Patients presenting with ischemic stroke due to anterior large vessel occlusion who underwent intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) alone or EVT plus IVT were recruited. Cognitive abilities were evaluated at 6 months from stroke through a neuropsychological test battery. A total of 88 patients with a mean age of 66.3 ± 12.9 years were included, of which 38 treated with IVT alone and 50 with IVT plus EVT. Compared to patients treated with IVT alone, patients who received EVT plus IVT performed significantly better at the neuropsychological tests exploring executive functions, attention, abstract reasoning, visuospatial ability, visual and verbal and memory. At multivariable regression analysis, the EVT was independently associated with the 6-month cognitive performance after the adjustment for age, sex, admission National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score, systolic blood pressure, glucose level, Alberta Stroke Program Early CT score, side of stroke, site of occlusion, and Back Depression Inventory score [Stroop Test Word Reading: adjβ = 13.99, 95% confidence interval (CI) 8.47–19.50, p < 0.001; Stroop Test Colour Naming: adjβ = 6.63, 95% CI 2.46–10.81, p = 0.002; Trail Making Test-A: adjβ = − 92.98, 95% CI − 153.76 to − 32.20, p = 0.003; Trail Making Test-B: adjβ = − 181.12, 95% CI − 266.09 to − 96.15; p < 0.001; Digit Span Test Forward: adjβ = 1.44, 95% CI 0.77–2.10, p < 0.001; Digit Span Test Backward: adjβ = 1.10, 95% CI 0.42–1.77, p = 0.002; Coloured Progressive Matrices: adjβ = 5.82, 95% CI 2.71–8.93, p < 0.001; Rey Complex Figure Test-Copy: adjβ = 6.02, 95% CI 2.74–9.30, p < 0.001; Rey Complex Figure Test-Immediate recall: adjβ = 6.00, 95% CI 2.34–9.66, p = 0.002; Rey Complex Figure Test-Delayed recall: adjβ = 5.73, 95% CI 1.95–9.51, p = 0.003; Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test-Immediate recall: adjβ = 12.60, 95% CI 6.69–18.52, p < 0.001; Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test-Delayed recall: adjβ = 1.85, 95% CI 0.24–3.45, p = 0.025]. Patients treated with EVT plus IVT had better cognitive performance than patients treated with IVT alone at 6 months from anterior circulation ischemic stroke.

Perceptive-Motor Maturity and its Relations with Planning, Memory Immediate and Non-Verbal Intelligence

The acquisition of new knowledge depends on the interaction of diverse ability that can facilitate the cognitive processes that underlie learning. The aim of this paper is to verify the relationship between perceptive-motor maturity and planning, visual perception, immediate memory, and non-verbal intelligence, as well as how age and perceptive-motor maturity can predict performance in these variables. Therefore, we used the screening version of the Bender test - Gradual Scoring System, Rey Complex Figure Test, and Human Figure Drawing - Sisto scale. The study included 693 children whose ages range from 6 to 10 years (M = 8.42; DP = 1.38). The results presented statistically significant correlations between all the instruments, indicating that the more developed visual perception and motor coordination, the biggest is the probability that children have succeed in tasks that depend of planning skills, the ability to retain and process information, and the conceptual repertoire.