Dapsone, an effective Neuro, and Cytoprotective Drug and More

Background: Dapsone (4,4'-diamino-diphenyl sulfone) is a synthetic derivative of sulfones, with the antimicrobial activity described since 1937. It is also a drug traditionally used in dermatological therapies due to its anti-inflammatory effect. In recent years its antioxidant, antiexcitotoxic, and antiapoptotic effects have been described in different ischemic damage models, traumatic damage, and models of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Parkinson's (PD) and Alzheimer's diseases (AD). Finally, dapsone has proven to be a safe and effective drug as a protector against heart, renal and pulmonary cells damage; that is why it is now employed in clinical trials with patients as a neuroprotective therapy by regulating the main mechanisms of damage that lead to cell death. Objective: To provide a descriptive review of the evidence demonstrating the safety and therapeutic benefit of dapsone treatment, evaluated in animal studies and various human clinical trials. Methods: We conducted a review of PubMed databases looking for scientific research in animals and humans, oriented to demonstrate the effect of dapsone on regulating and reducing the main mechanisms of damage that lead to cell death. Conclusion: The evidence presented in this review shows that dapsone is a safe and effective neuro and cytoprotective treatment that should be considered for translational therapy.

Solvent-induced changes in reactivity of tricyanate ester undergoing thermal polymerization

The solvent effect is probed by a comparative study of the tricyanate ester polymerization in the melt and in the solution in diphenyl sulfone. Kinetic and mechanistic insights are obtained...

Formation of intramolecular dimer radical ions of diphenyl sulfones

Dimer radical ions of aromatic molecules in which excess charge is localized in a pair of rings have been extensively investigated. While dimer radical cations of aromatics have been previously produced in the condensed phase, the number of molecules that form dimer anions is very limited. In this study, we report the formation of intramolecular dimer radical ions (cations and anions) of diphenyl sulfone derivatives (DPs) by electron beam pulse radiolysis in the liquid phase at room temperature. The density functional theory (DFT) calculations also showed the formation of the dimer radical ions. The torsion barrier of the phenyl ring of DPs was also calculated. It was found that the dimer radical ions show the larger barrier than the neutral state. Finally, stability of the dimer radical anion is dependent on not only the inductive effect of the sulfonyl group but the conjugation involving the d-orbital of the S atom and the phenyl rings.