The Relationship Between Platelet Count and Severity of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever in Pediatric Patients at UKI Cawang Hospital for the period January 2015-December 2015

This thesis discusses the connection of platelet number and the severity of dengue hemorrhagic fever in pediatric patients in Cawang UKI Hospital from January 2015 to December 2015. The data were collected from medical records. This research is a retrospective cross-sectional method. Total population of 170 and take a sample of 119 cases. From that, samples obtained from platelet amount decreased with increasing severity of dengue hemorrhagic fever, there is a significant connection between platelet count decreases with severity of dengue hemorrhagic fever with p = 0.000. Keywords: platelets, the severity of dengue hemorrhagic fever

Clinical Cohort Study in Canine Patients, to Determine the Average Platelet and White Blood Cell Number and Its Correlation with Patient’s Age, Weight, Breed and Gender: 92 Cases (2019–2020)

Due to its easy preparation and that it is well tolerated, the use of autologous platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has become increasingly popular in regenerative medicine. However, there are still no clear guidelines on how it should be classified or whether the individual canine patient’s clinical status can influence its quality. Objective: This study aims to show if the weight, age, sex, neutered status or breed of canine patients have any correlation with the composition of PRP. Design: A blinded count of the platelets and white blood cells (WBC) was performed from 111 samples from 92 client owned dogs undergoing treatment for degenerative joint disease (DJD). The results were analysed using Pearson correlation test, ANOVA test or Student T-test. Results: There is a positive correlation between the number of platelets and WBC in canine patients of different breeds, but there was no significant difference on the platelet number and WBC number among the different breeds. The weight of the patient is also directly correlated to the platelet number (p = 0.003) but not WBC number. WBC number was negatively correlated to the weight of the patient. The sex and age of the patient did not affect platelets and WBC number, although WBC number is increased in non-neutered male population (p = 0.003). However, it would be interesting to investigate whether the growth factors released from the platelet granules are affected by patient variables in a canine population. Conclusions: Our results show that it is possible to obtain good quality autologous PRP, irrespective of age, sex, neutered status or weight of the patient, for PRP regenerative therapy.

Differences in human and minipig platelet number, volume and activation induced by borosilicate glass beads in a modified chandler loop-system

The pig is the most widely used large animal model in Europe, with cardiovascular research being one of the main areas of application. Adequate refinement of interventional studies in this field, meeting the requirements of Russel and Burchs’ 3 R concept, can only be performed if blood-contacting medical devices are hemocompatible. Because most medical devices for cardiovascular interventional procedures are developed for humans they are tested mostly for compatibility with human blood. The aim of this study was therefore to determine whether there are differences in behavior of porcine and human platelets when they come into contact with glass, which was used as an exemplary thrombogenic material. For this purpose changes of platelet count, platelet volume and platelet expression of the activation markers CD61, CD62P and CD63 were measured using a modified chandler loop-system simulating the fluidic effects of the blood flow. Minipig and human platelets showed significant differences in number and volume, but not in activation after 4–8 min exposure to glass.

Analysis Of Rat Platelet Count After Electrical Exposure In Acute And Subacute Phase Of Burn Injury

Electrical burns are one of the causes of important health burdens throughout the world with incidences varying between 4 – 18% of all burns. In electrical burns, blood vessels are the heavily damaged tissue characterized by endothelial erosion, followed by adhesion and aggregation of platelet to form hemostatic plug. The screening test for assesing the formation of a hemostatic plug is platelet count. Platelet count monitoring is very important during the resuscitation phase and treatment periods in severe burns, namely in acute and subacute phase of burns. The purpose of this study is to determine and to analyze about the changes in platelet count of rat after electrical exposure in acute and subacute phase of burns. The control group in this study was not given electrical exposure and rat’s blood was taken directly after the adaptation process. In the other five groups, P1, P2, P3, P4 and P5 were exposed to 140 V for 17 seconds, then their blood was taken for platelet counts on days 0, 3, 7, 10 and 14 post-exposure. The result of this study based on Post Hoc LSD test showed that there was a change of platelet platelet number after exposure in acute phase of burn injury and there was no change of platelet platelet number after exposure in burning subacute phase.

Regulation of Platelet Production and Life Span: Role of Bcl-xL and Potential Implications for Human Platelet Diseases

Blood platelets have important roles in haemostasis, where they quickly stop bleeding in response to vascular damage. They have also recognised functions in thrombosis, immunity, antimicrobal defense, cancer growth and metastasis, tumour angiogenesis, lymphangiogenesis, inflammatory diseases, wound healing, liver regeneration and neurodegeneration. Their brief life span in circulation is strictly controlled by intrinsic apoptosis, where the prosurvival Bcl-2 family protein, Bcl-xL, has a major role. Blood platelets are produced by large polyploid precursor cells, megakaryocytes, residing mainly in the bone marrow. Together with Mcl-1, Bcl-xL regulates megakaryocyte survival. This review describes megakaryocyte maturation and survival, platelet production, platelet life span and diseases of abnormal platelet number with a focus on the role of Bcl-xL during these processes.

Thrombocytopenia Is Associated with COVID-19 Severity and Outcome: An Updated Meta-Analysis of 5637 Patients with Multiple Outcomes

The COVID-19 pandemic is persistent worldwide. A prior meta-analysis suggested the association of thrombocytopenia (TCP) with more severe COVID-19 illness and high mortality. Considering newly published studies, we updated the previous meta-analysis to confirm and explain the association of TCP with COVID-19 severity and multiple outcomes. Twenty-four studies with 5637 patients with COVID-19 were included in this study. The weighted incidence of TCP in COVID-19 was 12.4% (95% confidence interval [CI], 7.9%–17.7%). Data synthesis showed that the platelet number was lower in patients with either more severe illness or poor outcomes and even lower in nonsurvivors, with weighted mean differences of −24.56 × 109/L, −22.48 × 109/L, and −49.02 × 109/L, respectively. The meta-analysis of binary outcomes (with and without TCP) indicated the association between TCP and 3-fold enhanced risk of a composite outcome of intensive care unit admission, progression to acute respiratory distress syndrome, and mortality (odds ratio [OR], 3.49; 95% CI, 1.57–7.78). Subgroup analysis by endpoint events suggested TCP to be significantly associated with mortality (OR, 7.37; 95% CI, 2.08–26.14). Overall, the present comprehensive meta-analysis indicated that approximately 12% of hospitalized patients with COVID-19 have TCP, which also represents a sign of more severe illness and poor outcomes.

What’s in a Number? Examining the Prognostic and Predictive Importance of Platelet Count in Patients With Essential Thrombocythemia

Essential thrombocythemia (ET) is a myeloproliferative neoplasm characterized by clonal overproduction of platelets and an increased risk of thrombohemorrhagic complications. Patients are risk stratified by driver mutation, age, and thrombotic history and treated to reduce the risk of thrombotic and hemorrhagic events. The significance of platelet number as a risk factor or treatment goal is unclear. Despite the preponderance of data failing to demonstrate an association, there exists a pervasive belief that higher platelet counts correlate with an increased thrombotic risk. In fact, the association between thrombocytosis and bleeding is more clearly supported. Variability in regional consensus guidelines contributes to the uncertainty. This article reviews the data that shed light on the importance of platelet count in patients with ET.

Preoperative Functional Platelet Number Is Inversely Associated With 30-Day Mortality After Cardiac Surgery: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Background. We hypothesize that preoperative functional platelet number (platelet count multiplied by platelet aggregation percentage) are associated with 30-day mortality after cardiac surgery. Methods. We linked our preoperative testing database with the STS (Society of Thoracic Surgeon) database to form a study cohort of 1390 patients who had cardiac surgeries between January 2008 and December 2013. Preoperative tests of platelet count and platelet aggregation were routinely performed on all cardiac surgical patients within 24 hours before entering the operating room. Multiple logistic regression models were used to determine whether functional platelet number are associated with 30-day mortality, modified composite major adverse cardiocerebral events, postoperative renal failure or requirement for new renal replacement therapy, and reoperation for bleeding. Log-linear models were used to examine whether functional platelet numbers are associated with hospital length of stay and intensive care unit length of stay. Results. Functional platelet number had an inverse association with 30-day mortality, and each 50 × 109/L increase in functional platelet number resulted in decreased 30-day mortality (odds ratio of 0.767 with 95% confidence interval = 0.591-0.996). For secondary outcomes, functional platelet number was neither associated with major adverse cardiocerebral event nor length of stay. However, we found that each 50 × 109/L increase in functional platelet number was associated with decreased reoperations for bleeding (odds ratio of 0.778 with 95% confidence interval = 0.636-0.951). Conclusions. The preoperative functional platelet number had significant associations with 30-day mortality after cardiac surgery. Functional platelet number could be used to guide timing of cardiac surgery, especially as more and more patients are receiving antiplatelet medications nowadays.