AN ENGLISH SPEAKING TRAINING FOR THE DRAGON FRUIT PLANTATION WORKERS IN REMPANG ISLAND, BATAM: AGRO-TOURISM BASE

Batam is the third most visited city of foreign tourists due to the strategic location that closes to Singapore and Malaysia. It becomes a distinct advantage with the number of tourists visiting. In addition to marine tourism and shopping tourism, Batam has agro-tourism in the islands around Batam Island. Cafe Zore in Rempang Island's dragon fruit plantation is often visited by domestic and foreign tourists. Foreign tourists often experience difficulties in communicating with English because the employees could not speak English. It is aimed to develop employees' English skills through methods of community education and training with lecturing, discussion and demonstration techniques. The result of this training was the improvement of the English spoken ability. To sum up this PkM activity is that English communication skills are very important to welcome foreign tourists visiting and support the government to develop tourism in Batam

Climate Change Scenarios and the Dragon Fruit Climatic Zoning in Brazil

BACKGROUND:The presente paper aims to compute climatological zones apt for the cultivation of pitaya based on trends in the occurrence of climate change events from the IPCC in Brazil. We used temperature and precipitation data from 4,942 cities collected on the NASA / POWER platform from 1990 to 2020 to elaborate on the current scenario. The climate change scenarios were obtained using the CHELSA platform (Climatologies at high resolution for the earth's land surface areas) and corresponded to the periods 2041-2060 and 2061-2080 associated with four IPCC climate change scenarios. The spatialization and interpolation of data occurred according to the aptitude classes designed to meet the thermal and water needs of the crop. RESULTS: Forecasts of increase in temperature indices and reduction in accumulated rainfall were found in all Brazil, but with greater impact in the North and Northeast regions, which had the greatest reduction in areas at low risk for the cultivation of pitaya. In the South and Southeast regions, a large part of the areas remained suitable for the production of this fruit until 2080. CONCLUSION:The results suggest that climate change does not benefit the cultivation of pitaya in some regions of Brazil because the dimensions of the areas apt for economic production be restricted.

Production Process of a Carbonated Drink from Red Flesh Dragon Fruit (Hylocereus polyrhizus)

The purpose of this study is to present a suitable production process of a carbonated drink from ingredients originated from red flesh dragon fruits. Additionally, optimal parameters in the hydrolysis and pasteurization stages of the juice were determined so that the product could retain the highest bioactive ingredients while still maintaining favorable color. The investigated parameters of pectinase hydrolysis process included hydrolysis temperature (35, 40, 45 and 50oC), hydrolysis time (1 hour, 2 hours, 3 hours and 4 hours), concentration pectinase enzyme level (0.4; 0.6, 0.8 and 1%) and enzyme pectinase content (0.2, 0.4, 0.6 and 0.8%). Outcomes which were considered in optimization processes included polyphenol content, vitamin C content and DPPH scavenging activity. The results are expected to aid in diversification of products from dragon fruit raw materials to meet the increasing demand of consumers.

ANALISIS KADAR POLIFENOL DAN AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN YANG TERDAPAT PADA EKSTRAK BUAH : STUDI KEPUSTAKAAN

ABSTRACTPolyphenols are one of the largest categories of phytochemicals and are the most widely distributed among various types of plants and fruits. Polyphenols can also inhibit, prevent, and reduce oxidation by free radicals, which are good for health. Analysis of polyphenol content starts from the sample preparation process which includes the extraction of solid and liquid samples. The types of solvents commonly used for extraction are ethanol, methanol, and acetone. Furthermore, the analysis of polyphenol levels uses the Folin-Ciocalteau analysis method. The results of the review show that ripe bisbul fruit extract (Diospyros blancoi A. DC.) which was extracted using ethanol as a solvent had the highest polyphenol content and yield of several fruit extracts reported in this review. Meanwhile, the extract of green grapes (Vitis vinifera Linn. Var. Chinsiang) which was extracted using ethanol as a solvent had the lowest levels and yields of polyphenols. The highest antioxidant activity was shown by samples of red dragon fruit extract (Hylocereus polyrhizus (f.a.c weber) britton & rose). Meanwhile, the lowest antioxidant activity was shown by samples of Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) fruit extract.Keywords: Pholyphenol, Extracts, Solvents, Folin CiocalteauABSTRAKPolifenol adalah salah satu kategori terbesar dari fitokimia yang paling banyak penyebarannya diantara berbagai jenis tanaman dan buah-buahan. Polifenol juga dapat menghambat, mencegah, mengurangi oksidasi oleh radikal bebas sehingga baik untuk kesehatan. Analisis kadar polifenol dimulai dari proses preparasi sampel yang meliputi ekstrasi sampel padat dan ekstraksi sampel cair. Jenis pelarut yang umum digunakan saat pengekstrakan yaitu etanol, metanol, dan aseton. Selanjutnya analisis kadar polifenol menggunakan metode analisis folin ciocalteau. Hasil review menunjukkan Ekstrak buah bisbul matang (Diospyros blancoi A. DC.) yang diekstrak menggunakan pelarut etanol memiliki kadar dan rendemen polifenol yang tertinggi dari beberapa ekstrak buah yang dilaporkan dalam review ini. Sedangkan ekstrak buah anggur hijau (Vitis vinifera Linn. Var. Chinsiang) yang diekstrak menggunakan pelarut etanol memiliki kadar dan rendemen polifenol yang terendah. Aktivitas antioksidan yang tertinggi ditunjukkan oleh sampel ekstrak buah naga Merah (Hylocereus polyrhizus (f.a.c weber) britton & rose) dibandingkan sampel lain dalam review ini. Sedangkan aktivitas antioksidan yang terendah ditunjukkan oleh sampel ekstrak buah Semangka (Citrullus lanatus) dibandingkan sampel lain dalam review ini.Kata kunci: Polifenol, ekstraksi, pelarut, folin ciocalteau

Increasing levels of fibre and mineral (Fe, Ca, and K) in chicken meatballs added dragon fruit peel and oyster mushroom

The removal of the peel on dragon fruit fruits is a common step in food production for reasons of aesthetics and hygiene. One way to recycle dragon fruit peel is to make chicken meatball. Chicken meatball in Indonesia, which is called bakso are produced from ground chicken mixed with flour, spices and other mashed ingredients. The mixture is then formed into balls and boiled until cooked. Chicken meatballs contain mostly animal ingredients, so the quality needs to be improved by adding vegetable ingredients. The addition of vegetable ingredients is intended to increase the content of dietary fibre. The fruit fibres used in this study were dragon fruit peel and the vegetable ingredients was oyster mushrooms. The results showed that chicken meatball with higher concentration of dragon fruit peel has higher level of soluble dietary fibre, insoluble dietary fibre, and total dietary fibre content. This indicates that dragon fruit peel has higher levels of soluble dietary fibre, insoluble dietary fibre, and dietary fibre than oyster mushrooms. The addition of dragon fruit peel and oyster mushrooms causes an increase in iron and calcium mineral levels in chicken meatball products, but oyster mushrooms contribute more to increase these minerals. With these nutritious chicken meatballs, dragon fruit peel can be processed to become food that has economic value. Therefore, dragon fruit peel and oyster mushrooms can be used as a good ingredient in the formulation of chicken meatball.