Synthetic Aircraft Trajectories Generated with Multivariate Density Models

Aircraft trajectory generation is a high stakes problem with a wide scope of applications, including collision risk estimation, capacity management and airspace design. Most generation methods focus on optimizing a criterion under constraints to find an optimal path, or on predicting aircraft trajectories. Nevertheless, little in the way of contribution has been made in the field of the artificial generation of random sets of trajectories. This work proposes a new approach to model two-dimensional flows in order to build realistic artificial flight paths. The method has the advantage of being highly intuitive and explainable. Experiments were conducted on go-arounds at Zurich Airport, and the quality of the generated trajectories was evaluated with respect their shape and statistical distribution. The last part of the study explores strategies to extend the work to non-regularly shaped trajectories.

Development of the Scientific Research Competency Scale for nurses

Background The planning, implementation, finalisation and reporting of high-quality research depends on the knowledge, skills and competencies of the many individuals who make carrying out the research possible. Aims This study aims to develop a valid and reliable scale in order to identify the scientific research competencies of nursing professionals at undergraduate and graduate level. Methods This methodological study was carried out on 937 nursing personnel, 422 (45%) of whom were academic members and 515 (55%) were undergraduate students. The Anxiety Scale Towards Research and the Attitude Scale Towards Scientific Research were used for the criterion validity. Results The Scientific Research Competency Scale comprises 57 items in four sub-dimensions named as ‘technical skills’, ‘attitude and behaviours’, ‘estimation capacity’ and ‘foreign language skill’. The Cronbach alpha, Guttmann split-half and Spearman Brown reliability coefficients for the scientific research competency scale were, respectively, 0.98, 0.96 and 0.96. The sensitivity and specificity value, by which the research competency of individuals could be determined with minimum error, was indicated to be at 190 breakpoints of the scientific research competency scale. Conclusions As a result, the scientific research competency scale developed is a valid and reliable tool that can be used to determine the scientific research competencies of nursing professionals.

Accurate Epigenetic Aging in Bottlenose Dolphins (Tursiops truncatus), an Essential Step in the Conservation of at-Risk Dolphins

Epigenetics, specifically DNA methylation, allows for the estimation of animal age from blood or remotely sampled skin. This multi-tissue epigenetic age estimation clock uses 110 longitudinal samples from 34 Navy bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus), identifying 195 cytosine-phosphate-guanine sites associated with chronological aging via cross-validation with one individual left out in each fold (R2 = 0.95). With a median absolute error of 2.5 years, this clock improves age estimation capacity in wild dolphins, helping conservation efforts and enabling a better understanding of population demographics.

A Regional Day-Ahead Rooftop Photovoltaic Generation Forecasting Model Considering Unauthorized Photovoltaic Installation

Rooftop photovoltaic (PV) systems are usually behind the meter and invisible to utilities and retailers and, thus, their power generation is not monitored. If a number of rooftop PV systems are installed, it transforms the net load pattern in power systems. Moreover, not only generation but also PV capacity information is invisible due to unauthorized PV installations, causing inaccuracies in regional PV generation forecasting. This study proposes a regional rooftop PV generation forecasting methodology by adding unauthorized PV capacity estimation. PV capacity estimation consists of two steps: detection of unauthorized PV generation and estimation capacity of detected PV. Finally, regional rooftop PV generation is predicted by considering unauthorized PV capacity through the support vector regression (SVR) and upscaling method. The results from a case study show that compared with estimation without unauthorized PV capacity, the proposed methodology reduces the normalized root mean square error (nRMSE) by 5.41% and the normalized mean absolute error (nMAE) by 2.95%, It can be concluded that regional rooftop PV generation forecasting accuracy is improved.

Accurate Epigenetic Aging in Bottlenose Dolphins (Tursiops Truncatus), an Essential Step in the Conservation of at-Risk Dolphins.

Epigenetics, specifically DNA methylation, allows for estimation of animal age from blood or remotely sampled skin. This multi tissue epigenetic aging clock uses 110 longitudinal samples from 34 Navy bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus), identifying 195 cytosine-phosphate-guanine sites associated with chronological aging via leave-one-individual-out-cross-validation (R2=0.95). With a median absolute error of 2.5 years this clock improves age estimation capacity in wild dolphins, expanding conservation efforts, enabling better understanding of population demographics.

THE COMPARISON OF ROAD CAPACITY OF GREENSHIELD MODEL, GREENBERG MODEL AND UNDERWOOD MODEL TOWARD MKJI 1997 CALCULATION ON THE JENDRAL SUDIRMAN ROAD, BATANG

Jendral Sudirman road is one of the streets in Batang Regency which has function as primary artery and it has main access to connect vital locations. It makes Jendral Sudirman road has several transportation problems. In the planning, design and establishment of various transportation system policies, traffic flow theory of movement has very important role. To facilitate the application of traffic flow theory of movement used a mathematical approach which was used to analyze the phenomenon that took place in the traffic flow. One of approach ways to comprehend the traffic behavior was by verifying it into mathematical and graphics relationships with observing to the relationship among the speed (S), density (D) and volume (V) traffic.The objective of this study was to determine traffic flow characteristics on Jendral Sudirman Road consisting of three (3) main parameters such as volume, speed and density by using mathematical models included Greenshield, Greenberg and Underwood Model. In addition, this study also aimed to determine the results of a comparison of one of the chosen model with the road capacity calculation based on MKJI 1997.Based on the data analysis by using Greenshield model, it was known that the characteristics of the traffic on Jendral Sudirman road values obtained free flow speed (Sf)= 45.53 km/h, density jam (Dj)= 38.31 unit/km and maximum volume or road capacity(Vmax)= 1774.25 unit/hour. The estimation result of model was calculated using Greenshield model and estimation capacity calculations of MKJI 1997 had a difference about 15.49%. This could be evidence that generalize the use of manual book as MKJI 1997 in estimating the value of a certain road location capacity without researching driver behavior, vehicle characteristics and the environment of the road would be at risk in the capacity estimation results obtained. Therefore, the use of existing guidelines such as the 1997 MKJI needs carefulness in assessing the environmental condition of the road and traffic characteristics.Keywords : TrafficCharacteristic, Volume, Speed, Density, Greenshield, Greenberg, Underwood

Analysis of the Current Electric Battery Models for Electric Vehicle Simulation

Electric vehicles (EVs) are a promising technology to reduce emissions, but its development enormously depends on the technology used in batteries. Nowadays, batteries based on lithium-ion (Li-Ion) seems to be the most suitable for traction, especially nickel-manganese-cobalt (NMC) and nickel-cobalt-aluminum (NCA). An appropriate model of these batteries is fundamental for the simulation of several processes inside an EV, such as the state of charge (SoC) estimation, capacity and power fade analysis, lifetime calculus, or for developing control and optimization strategies. There are different models in the current literature, among which the electric equivalent circuits stand out, being the most appropriate model when performing real-time simulations. However, impedance models for battery diagnosis are considered very attractive. In this context, this paper compares and contrasts the different electrical equivalent circuit models, impedance models, and runtime models for battery-based EV applications, addressing their characteristics, advantages, disadvantages, and usual applications in the field of electromobility. In this sense, this paper serves as a reference for the scientific community focused on the development of control and optimization strategies in the field of electric vehicles, since it facilitates the choice of the model that best suits the needs required.