Personality Profile in Orthorexia Nervosa and Healthy Orthorexia

Little is known about orthorexia in both its pathological (orthorexia nervosa, OrNe) and adaptive (healthy orthorexia, HeOr) forms. To date, few studies have been carried out to analyze the personality profile associated with orthorexia, and the results have been contradictory. The aim of the present study was to explore the characteristic pathological personality traits associated with OrNe and HeOr. A total of 297 participants (Mage = 30.8 years; 94.6% women) from the general population completed the Teruel Orthorexia Scale (TOS) and Personality Inventory for DSM-5-Short Form (PID-5-SF) questionnaires. Results showed significant low-medium correlations between OrNe and the four personality factors (Negative Affectivity, Detachment, Disinhibition, and Psychoticism) (rs range [0.08, 0.36]). In the regression analysis, the predictors of OrNe were Neuroticism and, to a lesser extent, Psychoticism. For HeOr, the associations were lower (rs range [−0.13, 0.05]) and negative, except Psychoticism. Only the relationship with Disinhibition was statistically significant, although after controlling for OrNe, Negative Affectivity and Antagonism also became significant. In the regression analysis, the predictors of HeOr were Disinhibition (negative direction) and Psychoticism (positive direction). The findings show that OrNe is associated with a pathological personality pattern characterized by difficulty in regulating emotions and negative affect (Negative Affectivity), as well as eccentricity, feeling special, and holding beliefs outside the norm (Psychoticism). However, HeOr seems to be related to the tendency toward high responsibility, self-control, the ability to maintain the focus of attention (low Disinhibition), and Psychoticism. Future studies should confirm whether this combination is a key component underlying the development and maintenance of orthorexia.

Fear of (COVID-19) and its relationship to Enneagram patterns among a sample of Yemeni community members

The study aimed to determine the COVID-19 fear pattern, the common Enneagram pattern in Yemeni society, and the relationship between COVID-19 fear and Enneagram patterns. The study sample consisted of (360) individuals (youth - adults) who were randomly selected. The researcher used the Ingram scale according to (RISO) theory. The results showed that there is no fear of COVID-19 as a dominant pattern. The peacemaker type is the dominant personality type in Yemeni society, followed by the achieved type. Furthermore, there was a negative correlation between peacemaker and courage from COVID-19. The study concluded that The attitude of no (COVID-19) fear was the prevailing personality pattern among members of Yemeni society. The Enneagram pattern (the peacemaker) was the dominant pattern in the personality of Yemeni society members, followed by the achieved pattern. There was a negative, strong and relationship between fear of (COVID-19) and between the two patterns of Enneagram (unique) and (peacemaker) in the personality of the Yemeni community members. The attitude of no (COVID-19) fear was related negatively with the unhealthy aspect of the (singular) and (peacemaker) patterns of Enneagram (singular) and (peacemaker) in the personality of Yemeni community members.

Incidencia de la personalidad y resiliencia en la aparición del burnout en una muestra de deportistas españoles

El objetivo principal de esta investigación fue conocer los niveles de burnout en deportistas y la relación de este síndrome con la personalidad desde el Modelo de los Cinco Factores de Costa y McCrae, añadiendo asimismo la resiliencia. La muestra estuvo constituida por 141 hombres y mujeres. Se utilizaron el IBD-R, NEO-FFI, Escala de Resistencia, e IPAQ para registrar y medir las variables anteriormente mencionadas. Los resultados apuntaron a que los participantes presentaban niveles moderados en todas las dimensiones del burnout. Además, ser hombre estaba asociado a mayores niveles de burnout, así como estar federado, participar en un deporte individual y pasar un mayor número de horas de entrenamiento. La edad no resultó ser una variable influyente en el padecimiento de este síndrome. Asimismo, los resultados indicaron un patrón de personalidad vulnerable del Modelo de los Cinco Factores, consistente en altos niveles de neuroticismo y bajos niveles de responsabilidad, amabilidad, apertura y extraversión. Por último, la resiliencia también fue una variable protectora del burnout. The aim of this research was to know the level of burnout in athletes and the relation between this syndrome and personality from Costa and McCrae’s five factors model, adding also the resilience. The sample consisted of 141 athletes (M = 21.20; SD = 3.64). IBD-R, NEO-FFI, Resilience Scale, and IPAQ were used to record and measure the variables previously mentioned. Results indicated that the participants had moderated levels in all dimensions of burnout. Also, being a man was associated to higher burnout levels, as well as being federated, participating in an individual sport and spending a higher quantity of hours training. Age didn’t turn out to be an influential variable in the suffering of this syndrome. Moreover, results indicated a vulnerable personality pattern from Five Factors Model, consisting on high levels of neuroticism and low levels of responsibility, kindness, openness and extraversion. Lastly, resilience was also a protective variable for burnout.

High Rate of Psychopathology in Parents of Children with Epilepsy

Background: Mental health status of the parents and children are associated. Objectives: The aim of the present study was to compare the psychopathology of parents of children with epilepsy with healthy children in an Iranian sample. Methods: A total of 288 parents of children with epilepsy attending the Pediatric Neurology Clinic of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Northwest of Iran, were matched with 154 parents of normal children and evaluated using the Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory-III. Results: Parents of children with epilepsy scored higher in all subscales, except for dependent personality pattern. Mothers of children with epilepsy scored higher in all clinical syndrome scales. The same pattern was observed for fathers of the children with epilepsy. Conclusions: A high rate of psychiatric disorders was observed in Iranian parents of children with epilepsy. This pattern was not limited to mothers but was applicable to fathers, as well.

Psychological Features of the Personality of Students of Different Specialties

The objective of the article is the correspondence of individual and typological features of the student to the chosen direction, which promotes successful adaptation to study at the university and readiness for future professional activity. The aim is to reveal psychological features of personality of students: doctors, engineers, and jurists. Materials and methods are the following: 180 students of 1-3 year (17-25 years old): future doctors (n=80), jurists (n=50), and engineers (n=50). We studied the psychological characteristics of personality. The program «Mini-mult» of the medical diagnostic hardware and software complex «Biomysh Research» («Neurolab», Russia) was used. The statistical analysis was performed by parametric method using the Student's t-test.The results are the following: students of different specialties have intergroup and individual differences in neurodynamic and cognitive functions. The most significant difference was found on scales 1, 2, 6, 7 (р˂0.05-0.01). The personality pattern of students (future doctors and jurists) has a «peak», three-phase pattern, and no reliable differences between the contrasting ones. The average psychological profile of the personality of students, future engineers is «linear», all its indicators are between 45T and 55T. Such profile is found in persons referred to the concordant norm.Conclusions are the following: students of all studied groups are characterized by high openness and desire to present themselves in a more favorable light on indicators of three evaluation scales (L, F, K). The psychological profiles of doctors and jurists are similar. Contrasting «peaks» are on scales of hysteria, paranoia and schizoidity. It testifies to constant dissatisfaction and indomitable aspiration to the set goal. Determination, flexibility of behavior with low level of anxiety, and confidence in decision making are inherent in future doctors and jurists. Engineering students are confident, satisfied with themselves and their surroundings, sociable, optimistic, and cheerful. However, their level of anxiety is higher than the level of jurists. It is recommended to create a system of organizational and pedagogical conditions for the formation and development of «western components of professional mobility» for students of various specialties.