Excess Fuel Consumption Due to Selection of a Lower Than Optimal Gear—Case Study Based on Data Obtained in Real Traffic Conditions

Appropriate driving technique, in compliance with eco-driving principles, remains an effective method to reduce fuel consumption. The selection of the correct gear is one of the pertinent factors when driving a car with a manual gearbox. In this study we have analyzed fuel overconsumption based on data recorded in real traffic conditions for vehicles driven by experienced drivers, using a black-box model. It was found that the total share of trip time with a lower than optimal gear selected amounted to from c.a. 3% for motorway driving up to 28% on rural roads. The mean fuel consumption reduction factor (following selection of the next gear up) amounted to from c.a. 2% up to 20%, depending on the selected gear and type of driving. Unfortunately, the potential for reduction of fuel consumption is not evenly distributed over the entire operating area of the engine. Thus, the cumulative reduction of fuel consumption, due to selection of the optimal gear, amounted to from c.a. 0.2% for motorway driving up to 3–6%, for urban and rural driving. It was shown that due to the selection of the appropriate gear, there still exists a real possibility of reduction of fuel consumption, even in the case of experienced drivers.

Noise Reduction in Spur Gear Systems

This article lists some tips for reducing gear case noise. With this aim, a static analysis was carried out in order to describe how stresses resulting from meshing gears affect the acoustic emissions. Different parameters were taken into account, such as the friction, material, and lubrication, in order to validate ideas from the literature and to make several comparisons. Furthermore, a coupled Eulerian–Lagrangian (CEL) analysis was performed, which was an innovative way of evaluating the sound pressure level of the aforementioned gears. Different parameters were considered again, such as the friction, lubrication, material, and rotational speed, in order to make different research comparisons. The analytical results agreed with those in the literature, both for the static analysis and CEL analysis—for example, it was shown that changing the material from steel to ductile iron improved the gear noise, while increasing the rotational speed or the friction increased the acoustic emissions. Regarding the CEL analysis, air was considered a perfect gas, but its viscosity or another state equation could have also been taken into account. Therefore, the above allowed us to state that research into these scientific fields will bring about reliable results.

UNDERBODY MAINTENANCES UNIT AMBULAN MASJID DI WILAYAH KOTA BANJARMASIN

Kegiatan underbody maintenance unit ambulan masjid bertujuan untuk memberikan pelayanan perawatan bagian bawah kendaraan bagi unit ambulan masjid yang selama ini rutin digunakan untuk pelayanan sosial, sehingga dapat memperpanjang masa pelayanan unit tersebut. Metode pelaksanaan kegiatan ini terbagi dalam 3 tahapan: pra-kegiatan, pelaksanaan kegiatan, dan monitoring setelah kegiatan dilaksanakan. Perawatan meliputi bagian selang dan pipa saluran bahan bakar, selang dan pipa rem, kebocoran oli mesin, kebocoran engine coolant, suspensi depan dan belakang, suspensi depan dan arm, steering gear case, steering rack boot & tie rod end, saluran buang, oli transmisi manual. Setelah dilakukan perawatan underbody maintenance, kondisi ambulan jadi lebih baik daripada sebelumnya. Beberapa perawatan yang dilakukan juga meliputi pergantian part seperti oli dan gas nitrogen untuk ban ambulan masjid. Sehingga unit ambulan lebih siap untuk memberikan pelayanan kepada masyarakat luas

Design of Axle Gear Box for Tunnel Traction Engine

The axle gear case in tunnel traction engine is taken as a research object and the rigid-flexible mixture virtual prototype is created by using RomaxDesigner software in this article. Gear profile modification, gear-tooth fatigue strength, bearing life, the static strength and modal of case body are calculated and analyzed by applying load spectrum to the virtual prototype, in which the deformation of transmission system is considered in simulations. The results show that the virtual prototype of axle gear case meets the requirements of mechanical performances.