Force Production and Coordination from Older Women in Water Fitness Exercises

The aim of this study was to compare bilateral propulsive forces and coordination while exercising at static and dynamic conditions in the water. A total of 27 older women (age: 65.1 ± 6.7 years old) performed the following exercises: (i) horizontal upper-limbs adduction (HA; static condition) and (ii) rocking horse (RH; dynamic condition) through an incremental protocol with music cadences from 105 up to 150 b·min−1. The duration of each trial was set at 30 second (sec). Propulsive peak force (in Newton, N) of dominant (PFD) and nondominant (PFND) upper limbs was retrieved using hand sensors coupled to a differential pressure system. Significant differences in force production were found between static and dynamic exercises at higher cadences (120, 135, and 150 b·min−1). The static condition elicited higher bilateral propulsive forces and a more symmetric pattern. The in-water static exercise with bilateral action from the upper limbs proved to be the most appropriate strategy for older women to work strength and to reduce asymmetries.

Donaciones inter vivos o irrevocables en la legislación ecuatoriana

The purpose of the article is to analyze donations inter vivos or irrevocable in Ecuadorian law. A documentary review of inter vivos or irrevocable donations was proposed. By establishing a differentiation between articles 1402 and 1416, it could be found that while in the first article a donation is mentioned as a legal act, in the second it states that a donation cannot be made inter vivos if it is not granted by public deed and registered in the corresponding registry, which gives way to a legal contradiction about the conceptual nature of the donation among the living. The donation among the living is not a legal act, but a contract, since there is a bilateral action. There is an error in the conceptualization that refers to article 1402 of the Civil Code that differs with what was determined in other articles subsequent to the subject matter.

Tshisekedi looks for regional help in eastern Congo

Significance However, he also met his host, President Yoweri Museveni, to discuss the security situation in eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), including the possibility of an integrated military approach to neutralising armed groups operating there. This follows an earlier attempt to create a joint military operation between the DRC, Uganda, Burundi, Rwanda and Tanzania, which was blocked because Uganda refused to sign the final declaration. Impacts A military operation involving DRC, Rwanda, Burundi, Uganda and Tanzania could swiftly fracture and engender more regional tension. Bilateral action involving either Uganda or Rwanda also risks regional relations, given the competing interests of DRC and its neighbours. Foreign troops on Congolese soil have historically been a source of deep divisions within the Congolese establishment, and could be again. Rumours that Rwandan troops are already clandestinely deployed to eastern DRC may intensify Ugandan appetite for involvement.

Moral values in the context of physical education of students - prospective employees of the penitentiary system

The paper deals with the optimal ratio of physical training and moral education in the educational process of a higher education institution that trains employees of the penitentiary system (PS). As one of the ways to solve this problem, it is proposed to introduce moral values to students - prospective employees of the PS in the process of physical education. It is substantiated that moral values are values that are socially approved and shared by most people, they are associated with morality as an ethical category and its structure. There are classic signs of moral values (responsibility of a person for these values; awareness of moral insolvency affecting the conscience; the need for such values; the ratio of moral values to reward and punishment) and their classification (fundamental, basic and systemic social and moral values). The author has selected moral values that should be introduced to cadets - prospective employees of the PS in the process of physical education (good, duty, mutual understanding, mercy, responsibility, truth, freedom, conscience, justice, empathy). It is proved that the value altruism is concretized by the values charity and justice and therefore is not represented in the general list of values. Justice and mercy are considered to be sides of the golden rule of morality, the bilateral action of which contributes to co-feeling, co-action, co-help, co-participation. Values good, mutual understanding, freedom, responsibility, truth and empathy are described as values that should be introduced to a cadet in the process of physical education in order to develop him as a moral personality.

Of transboundary basins, integrated water resources management (IWRM) and second best solutions: the case of groundwater banking in Central Asia

This paper tells the story of trade-off between hydropower and irrigation and its implications for groundwater use in Syrdarya basin in Central Asia. With the independence of the central Asian republics, this trade-off has become a transboundary issue. Efforts to coordinate bilateral action using integrated water resources management (IWRM) principles of basin-wide cooperation have not yet yielded the hoped for results. This paper shows that there could be a ‘second best’ option of solving at least part of this transboundary problem by ‘banking’ winter flows released for hydropower production in Kyrgyzstan in the underground aquifers of Uzbekistan's Fergana Valley and extracting it for irrigation in the summer months.