Rapid Land Assessment for Salt Farming Development in the Coastal Area of the Special Region of Yogyakarta, Indonesia

The government of Indonesia has faced several challenges to its goal of achieving salt self-sufficiency, necessitating the formulation and implementation of strategic steps to increase salt production. Among its islands, Java has a great deal of potential for salt production, as does the Special Region of Yogyakarta, where the government has initiated salt farming development as part of its coastal community empowerment program. This study aimed to (1) evaluate the land suitability of existing salt farms and (2) identify potential sites and make a productivity estimation of salt farms in the Special Region of Yogyakarta, with the broad objective of demonstrating a rapid land assessment for salt farming development using the combination GIS and field survey. The approach was carried out in three phases; i.e., the analyses of land availability, land characteristics, and land recommendations. On-screen digitizing using GIS was applied to identify land availability through several data sources (satellite imagery and a land-use map from the Indonesian topographic map). This process led to the discovery of 19 sites. Land characteristics and land recommendations analysis were carried out in those sites, resulting in multiple land suitability classes, mostly in the S2 class (moderately suitable). Several impediment factors, such as wind, material texture, and temperature, were also identified, along with other obstacles including high tide and tsunami exposure. In terms of supporting the Indonesian salt self-sufficiency program, these results are significant, with salt productivity estimations of the potential sites meeting the target set by the Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries of Indonesia.

Evaluasi Pengadaan Tanah Skala Kecil dengan dan tanpa Penetapan Lokasi di Kabupaten Sleman

Land availability is the great significant part in infrastructure development. To support the land availability, the government pursues a program called land acquisition. Land acquisition is regulated in Law Number 2 of 2012 and Government Regulation Number 71 of 2012. Based on Government Regulation Number 40 of 2014, land acquisition is divided into two, including large scale with an area of more than 5 hectares and small scale based with an area of less than 5 hectares. Small-scale land acquisition is further regulated in Presidential Regulation Number 148 of 2015 Article 121 paragraph (3) which does not require a determination of location. The purpose of this study was to determine the implementation process as well as the advantages and disadvantages of small-scale land acquisition with and without location determination in Sleman Regency. This research used a qualitative method with a descriptive approach. The results of this research showed that the implementation of land acquisition with determination of location has advantages (4) and weaknesses (6) while land acquisition without determination of location has advantages (6) and disadvantages (4).

Mexican agricultural frontier communities differ in forest dynamics with consequences for conservation and restoration

Forest regrowth is key to achieve restoration commitments, but we need to better understand under what circumstances it takes place and how long secondary forests persist. We studied a recently colonized agricultural frontier in southern Mexico. We quantified the spatiotemporal dynamics of forest loss and regrowth and tested how temporal variation in climate, and spatial variation in land availability, land quality and accessibility affect forest disturbance, regrowth and secondary forest persistence. Marqués de Comillas consistently exhibits more forest loss than regrowth, resulting in a net decrease of 30% forest cover (1991-2016). Secondary forest cover remained relatively constant while secondary forest persistence increased, suggesting that farmers are moving away from shifting cultivation. Temporal variation in disturbance and regrowth were explained by the annual variation in the Oceanic El Niño index combined with dry season rainfall and key policy and market interventions.Across communities the availability of high-quality soil overrules the effects of land availability and accessibility, but that at the pixel-level all three factors contributed to explaining forest conservation and restoration. Communities with more high-quality soils were able to spare land for forest conservation, and had less secondary forest that persisted for longer. Old forest and secondary forests were better represented on low-quality lands and on communal land. Both old and secondary forest were less common close to the main road, where secondary forests were also less persistent. Forest conservation and restoration can be explained by a complex interplay of biophysical and social drivers across time, space and scale. We warrant that stimulating private land ownership may cause remaining forest patches to be lost and that conservation initiatives should benefit the whole community. Forest regrowth and secondary forest persistence competes with agricultural production and ensuring farmers can access restoration benefits is key to success.

SOCIOECONOMIC DRIVERS OF LAND USE INTENSIFICATION IN FIJI ISLANDS: A GEOGRAPHICAL APPROACH

Shifting cultivation is a common agricultural practice in the Pacific Islands rarely sustainable today since fallow periods are ever shorter due to the demographic growth, farms fragmentation, uncertain land tenure, and pressures from the market economy among other factors (drivers). Official statistical data and maps were utilized to build up chloropleth maps indicating the areas of high land use intensity (LUI) according to farm size ranges and socioeconomic parameters (treatments) for the country. Twenty vector layers were digitized from published maps for eight ranges of farm sizes (from less than 1 to more than 100 ha), and converted to raster format with a 170 m2 pixel size. Critical maps were then built by boolean operations displaying areas in which both the land use and the socioeconomic driver were simultaneously ranked as high or very high. Treatments showed significant differences among them (p < 0.05), being the most influential those related to human demography. In farms smaller than 3 ha size land use is intense when (in order of importance) Indo-fijian population, household size and land availability values are high; while in farms of 20–50 ha size it is intense when the values of (in order of importance) population change, Indo-fijian population, land availability, fishing and sugar farming are also high. LUI patterns normally decrease with the increase of farm size, but increases on farms over 20 ha size. It is recommended to propose policies that will des-accelerate the rates of land use, such as the facilitation of land ownership over farms of bigger sizes, the gradual replacement of mono cropping by agroforestry systems, and the creation of more employment opportunities in the industry, tourism and services sectors.

Analysis of Healthy Latrine Ownership Factors in the Coastal Area of Lapulu Village, Kendari City

The percentage of families in Lapulu Village that had healthy latrines was 64,84% who met the health requirements and 35,16% who did not meet the health requirements in 2019. This shows that the ownership of healthy latrines is still lower than the national achievement. This study aims to determine the factors associated with low ownership of healthy latrines in the coastal areas of Lapulu Village, Kendari City. The research design was observational, with a cross-sectional approach. The population in this study was 437 respondents, while the study sample was 209 respondents. The sampling technique used was proportional random sampling technique. The analysis were performed using the Chi-Square test. The results of statistical tests with chi-square obtained the value of land availability (p-value=0,000), knowledge (p-value=0,031), and income (p-value=0,000). It can be concluded that there is a relationship between land availability, knowledge, and income levels associated with low ownership of healthy latrines in the tidal area of ​​Lapulu Village, Kendari City. Therefore, it is hoped that the community and local government will establish this inter sector collaboration with related agencies to increase community ownership of healthy latrines.

The recent drama over dairy

How cow nutrition affects milk composition is a well understood phenomenon. Farming and feeding practices differ around the world based on factors like land availability and climate. Due to these different feeding methods, dairy scientists have observed that the composition of milk—particularly the fatty acid (FA) composition of milk fat—varies depending on a cow’s intake.

INVESTMENT RISK OF SOLO-NGAWI TOLL ROAD

In investing, there is definitely a risk, as well as the concession of toll roads. Risk analysis is used to anticipate losses due to an element of risk at each investment stage. The results of the analysis show that the highest risk probability for the Solo-Ngawi toll road is land availability and the influence of weather during development and the highest risk impacts are land availability, the potential for revolution in state governance. Based on the results of the analysis, the investment risk level of the Ngawi Solo Toll Road is included in the moderate risk category, so there is a need for cooperation in risk assurance by the Insurance Agency so that the risk level can be reduced to be lower than before.