Agroeconomic Production and Antioxidant Activity of the Hibiscus Cultivated Under Organic Practices and Plant Arrangements

In order to obtain better productivity and a good level of secondary metabolites for cultivating plants with organic residues, it is necessary to define the method of application and the best combination considering plant density. Our objective was to study the influence of the plant arrangement and methods of application of poultry manure in the soil over agroeconomic performance and the antioxidant activity of the hibiscus. Treatments in the field consisted of two plant arrangements (single or double rows, both with 0.50 meters between plants) and four methods of application of poultry manure to the soil [incorporating (10 t ha-1), mulching (10 t ha-1), mulching (5 t ha-1) + incorporating (5 t ha-1) and a control—no poultry manure] and, in the laboratory, antioxidant activity in relation to the treatments in the field and preparation methods (maceration or infusion). Treatments were arranged in randomized blocks of 2 × 4 with four replicates. The greatest production of dried calyx (0.68 t ha-1) and of capsules (1.32 t ha-1), the greatest number of fruits (2.10 million ha-1) and the greatest net income (R$ 36,115.42) resulted of plants cultivated in single rows with the poultry manure covering the crops. The antioxidant activity of the hibiscus calyces showed no variation in relation with field treatments or with the method of preparation. Cultivation in single rows covered with poultry manure is adequate for the hibiscus plant.

ESTRATÉGIAS DE MANEJO DO ARRANJO DE PLANTAS VISANDO OTIMIZAR A PRODUTIVIDADE DE GRÃOS DO MILHO

RESUMO – Este trabalho foi conduzido objetivando avaliar a resposta do milho ao incremento na densidade deplantas, sob diferentes espaçamentos entre linhas. O experimento foi implantado em Lages-SC, nos dias 20/10/2014e 21/10/2015. Foram testadas cinco densidades de plantas (3, 5, 7, 9 e 11 pl m-2) e dois espaçamentos entre linhas(40 cm - reduzido, e 80 cm - convencional). Avaliaram-se características fenológicas, morfológicas, fisiológicas e aprodutividade em kg de grãos ha-1 do híbrido P30R50H. Os dados foram analisados estatisticamente pelo teste F, e asmédias foram comparadas pelo teste de Tukey e análise de regressão. A produtividade variou de 11.390 a 18.760 kg ha-1,dependendo do arranjo de plantas testado. Ele aumentou linearmente 923 e 724 kg ha-1 para cada planta adicionadapor m-2 no espaçamento entre linhas de 40 cm em 2014/2015 e 2015/2016, respectivamente. A elevação na densidadede plantas de 3 para 11 pl m-2 não promoveu assincronia floral, não reduziu a atividade fotossintética da folha índice,nem aumentou a percentagem de plantas acamadas, quando se utilizou o espaçamento entre linhas reduzido. Portanto,a utilização de densidades supraótimas (9 e 11 pl m-2) e espaçamento entre linhas reduzido (40 cm) foram estratégiasde manejo efetiva para otimizar a produtividade do milho.Palavras-chave: Zea mays, densidade, espaçamento entre linhas, rendimento. MANAGEMENT OF PLANT ARRANGEMENTTO OPTIMIZE GRAIN PRODUCTIVTY IN MAIZEABSTRACT – This work was set aiming to evaluate maize response to the increase in plant population at differentrow spacings. The experiment was conducted in Lages, SC, South of Brazil, on 10/20/2014 and 10/21/2015. Five plantdensities (3, 5, 7, 9 and 11 plants m-2) and two row spacings (40 cm – reduced; 80 cm – conventional) were tested.Phenological, morphological and physiological traits, productivity (kg of grains per ha-1) of the hybrid P30R50 wereevaluated. Data were assessed by the F test and means were compared by the Tukey’s test and regression analysis.Grain productivity ranged from 11,390 to 18,760 kg ha-1, depending on the plant arrangement. Linear increase of 923and 724 kg ha-1 was observed for each added plant per m-2 at the row spacing of 40 cm, in 2014/2015 and 2015/2016,respectively. The increase in plant density from 3 to 11 plants m-2 did not promote flower asynchrony, did not reducephotosynthetic activity of the index leaf, neither enhanced the percentage of lodged plants when the reduced rowspacing was used. Therefore, the use of supra-optimum plant densities (9 and 11 plants m-2) and reduced row spacing(40 cm) were efficient strategies of plant arrangement management to optimize maize grain productivity.Keywords: Zea mays, density, row space, productivity.

Seed Piece Spacing Adjustment for Florida Chipping Potato

Seed spacing directly affects crop revenue because the number of potato seeds planted determines the final plant population density. The analysis presented in this 5-page publication was extracted from a series of field trials that looked at improved potato plant arrangement in the field by adjusting seed piece spacing for Florida growing conditions. Written by Fernanda Souza Krupek, Steven A. Sargent, Peter J. Dittmar, and Lincoln Zotarelli and published by the UF/IFAS Horticultural Sciences Department, May 2018.https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/hs1317

PENGEMBANGAN HUTAN ADAT TARUPRAMANA DI DESA BATUBULAN KECAMATAN SUKAWATI KABUPATEN GIANYAR

Community service activities is aimed at the development of indigenous forest in order to preserve theenvironment of indigenous Balinese culture and appeal of ecological tourism through the creation ofnurseries, planting and plant arrangement taru pramana in Batubulan Sukawati Gianyar Regency. Themethod applied in community empowerment activities IbW (science and technology for the Region) is asfollows: (1) Coordination and communication are participatory with farmers' groups to create a program fromthe planning, operational and evaluation; (2) Guidance for the perception and understanding of theinnovations or programs implemented; (3) training to improve the skills of applied science and technologybeing transferred to the public; (4) Assistance is ongoing meetings between the chaperone with the targetcommunities so that science and technology are transferred can be carried out independently by thecommunity. The results obtained show that the dissemination of science and technology activities for theregions in Batubulan village, sub-district Sukawati, Gianyar can take place properly, the active participationof society and the adoption of science and technology is high. Active participation of partners in all activitiesof technology dissemination is high at 68%. Adoption of science and technology capabilities and partners'initiatives to produce seeds independently is quite high at 50%.