Azo-dye Antibacterial with Nanotube-[SiO2(OH)2]9 System for Drug Delivery Investigation

Azo dye, [SiO2(OH)2]9 molecular ring, and single-walled carbon nanotubes (4,4) SWCNT were considered like an axle, a wheel, and stoppers, respectively. The combination of the azo dye on the [SiO2(OH)2]9 molecular ring with (4,4) SWCNTs may be thought of as a non-covalent system in UV light-isomer- machine. A new molecular motor system that runs like a hinge motion is demonstrated like light-powered molecular hinges. A new molecular motor system that acts as a hinge motion has been demonstrated and introduced as light-moving molecular hinges. By emitting various ultraviolet, visible lights, the [SiO2 (OH)2]9 molecular ring in the system can be reversed with the various dumb-bell size on one side attached halogens and fixing it on the other side of the (4,4) SWCNTs surface, a variety of systems in a wide variety of ultraviolet sensors can be designated to a better model of molecular machines and can be used for drug delivery of some antibiotics that are difficult to administer by straight injection. Molecular machines containing a wide variety of ultraviolet sensors have been designed with the combination of azo derivatives formed by replacing different halogens with hydrogen in the azo dye on the [SiO2(OH)2]9 molecular ring to the (4,4) SWCNTs surface.

Antibacterial Activity and Mesophase Identification of Azomethnine and Azo derivatives

A new mesogenic homologous series of liquid crystalline azomethnine and azo derivatives of 4ꞌ-nalkoxybenzylidiene- 4-aminoazobenzene has been synthesized and characterized by a combination of elemental analysis and standard spectroscopic methods. In the present series, nematic mesophase commences from n-propyloxy derivative as enantiotropic and persists up to the last member synthesized except in derivative C10. The smectic A (SmA) mesophases commences from n-pentyloxy derivative as enantiotropic and also persists up to ntetradecyloxy synthesized. Imine linkage (-CH═N-) between central and terminal benzene rings helping to understand the polarizability effect as well as nature of mesophase as stability gets reduced due to the presence of nitrogen in the ring. The mesomorphic properties of present series are of great importance to evaluate the effects of central linkage on mesomorphism. The mesomorphic properties of present series were compared with other structurally related mesogenic homologous series to evaluate the effects of central linkage on mesomorphism.

Spectral Analysis of Azo Derivatives for their Colorimetric Response to some Special Metal Ions

The present study describes an efficient chromogenic probing ability possessed by an azo linkage that could sense Ni, Fe, and Co in the semi-aqueous medium. The chromogenic sensing properties of the four azo dyes were studied towards Fe(III), Co(II), and Ni(II) ions, the IR and UV-VIS spectral data revealed that the nitrogen and oxygen atoms of –N=N-, C=O and –OH groups participated in bonding with the metal ions. Also, an obvious change in the color of the azo dyes A and B solution from yellow to dark brown in the case of Fe+2 metal ions and Co+2 and Ni+2 colorless solutions appeared yellowish, while the addition of other metal ions did not cause any color change. These results imply that the two azo dyes are viable, portable chromogenic chemosensors for the detection of Fe (III), Co (II), and Ni (II) ions in various biological and environmental fields.

Pyridine Scaffolds, Phenols and Derivatives of Azo Moiety: Current Therapeutic Perspectives

Synthetic heterocyclic compounds have incredible potential against different diseases; pyridines, phenolic compounds and the derivatives of azo moiety have shown excellent antimicrobial, antiviral, antidiabetic, anti-melanogenic, anti-ulcer, anticancer, anti-mycobacterial, anti-inflammatory, DNA binding and chemosensing activities. In the present review, the above-mentioned activities of the nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds (pyridines), hydroxyl (phenols) and azo derivatives are discussed with reference to the minimum inhibitory concentration and structure–activity relationship, which clearly indicate that the presence of nitrogen in the phenyl ring; in addition, the hydroxyl substituent and the incorporation of a diazo group is crucial for the improved efficacies of the compounds in probing different diseases. The comparison was made with the reported drugs and new synthetic derivatives that showed recent therapeutic perspectives made in the last five years.

Synthesis of Fused Azo-linked acridine derivatives using MCM-41/Ag2S-RHA nanocomposite

Introduction: In this study, the synthesis of azo-linked acridine by the reaction of dimedone and synthesized diazoaryl-(2-amino-5-(phenyl)methanone using Ag2S/RHA-MCM-41nanocomposite is reported. Materials and Methods: The synthesized catalyst was characterized by FT-IR, XRD, and SEM. According to the obtained results, Ag2S/RHA-MCM-41 nanocomposite exhibited high activity in the synthesis of azo-acridine derivatives based on desirable yields and reaction time. Products were prepared in 1.5-2 h and with 88-93% yield. In all the reactions, the catalyst could be easily removed and reused, and its catalytic activity was maintained after five uses and did not decrease significantly. The structures of all newly synthesized products were characterized by spectroscopic spectra (FT-IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR) and elemental analyses. Results and Discussion: The results of the study showed that ionic liquid [DBU]OAc (entry 8) and MCM-41/Ag2S-RHA nanocomposite (entry 8) possessed better efficiency and shorter time than other reaction conditions. Conclusion: In this study, new azo-linked acridine derivatives were synthesized by the reaction of different azo derivatives and dimedone using MCM-41/Ag2S-RHA nanocomposite, and the reaction products were obtained in 1.5-2 h with an efficiency of 88-93%. The short reaction time and high efficiency of the obtained products indicated the high efficiency of this method. In all the reactions, MCM-41/Ag2S-RHA nanocomposite could be easily removed and reused. Its catalytic activity was maintained in the sample reaction after five runs and did not decrease significantly.

Study of Aggregation Behavior of Predesigned Azobenzene-Cholesteryl Derivatives in Deep Eutectic Solvents

Structurally isomeric cholesteryl-appended azobenzene derivatives (azo-1 to azo-5) with various substituents, such as H/unsubstituted, ether, ester, and nitro at the terminal position of azobenzene units were designed, and synthesized. The gelation ability and aggregation behavior of the above synthesized azobenzene-cholesteryl derivatives in deep eutectic solvents (DES) such as Zinc Chloride: Ethylene Glycol (Zn:EG), Choline Chloride: EG (Ch:EG), Choline Chloride: Urea (Ch: Urea), and Choline Chloride: Glycine (Ch: Gly) were studied. The results revealed that all the azo derivatives formed semi-transparent and strong/hard eutectic gels in at least one DES except azo-4 which formed gel in two DES. The morphological analyses by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) exhibited entangled dense fibrous, flowers, and sheet-like textures, depending on the nature of DES as well as azo derivatives. Like all azobenzene-based organo-gelators, UV-triggered gel-to-sol transition was expected for these eutectic gels. However, these eutectic gels did not undergo the gel-to-sol transition under UV irradiation. This could be due to the hardness of the gel, which arrests the structural transformation from trans-to-cis during photolysis. It was further confirmed by absorption profiles of before and after irradiation of eutectic gels. Regarding application, an attempt has been made to use eutectic gels as a template for the synthesis of nanomaterials and the results revealed that the azo-4 gel can be used to prepare aggregated highly dense nanorods of copper chloride.