Multicomponent Cyclopolymerization of Alkynes, Isocyanides and Isocyanates Toward Heterocyclic Polymers

<p>Multicomponent cyclopolymerization (MCCP) based on isocyanides, among the tremendous synthetic methodologies, is a powerful tool for the preparation of functional heterocyclic polymers like poly(maleimide)s (PMDs), which should be further developed. In this work, an atom-economic and catalyst-free MCCP of activated alkynes, diisocyanides and diisocyanates was fully explored. The PMDs with high weight-average molecular weights (<i>M</i>_w up to 29 000) were facilely produced in satisfactory yields (up to 85%). The resultant polymers showed excellent solubility, high thermal stability, and good film-forming ability, and their thin films possessed high refraction indices (RI) in a range of 1.613 to 1.708 at 632.8 nm. Therefore, this work not only supplements the isocyanide-based multicomponent cyclopolymerizations but also enriches the family of polymerization reactions based on triple-bond building blocks. </p>

Multicomponent Cyclopolymerization of Alkynes, Isocyanides and Isocyanates Toward Heterocyclic Polymers

<p>Multicomponent cyclopolymerization (MCCP) based on isocyanides, among the tremendous synthetic methodologies, is a powerful tool for the preparation of functional heterocyclic polymers like poly(maleimide)s (PMDs), which should be further developed. In this work, an atom-economic and catalyst-free MCCP of activated alkynes, diisocyanides and diisocyanates was fully explored. The PMDs with high weight-average molecular weights (<i>M</i>_w up to 29 000) were facilely produced in satisfactory yields (up to 85%). The resultant polymers showed excellent solubility, high thermal stability, and good film-forming ability, and their thin films possessed high refraction indices (RI) in a range of 1.613 to 1.708 at 632.8 nm. Therefore, this work not only supplements the isocyanide-based multicomponent cyclopolymerizations but also enriches the family of polymerization reactions based on triple-bond building blocks. </p>

CO2-Involved and Isocyanide-based Three-component Polymerization toward Functional Heterocyclic Polymers with Self-assembly and Sensing Properties

CO₂ utilization has been a hot research topic in academic and industrial respects. Besides converting CO₂ into chemicals and fuels, incorporating it into the polymers to construct functional materials is another promising strategy. However, the CO₂-involved polymerization techniques should be further developed. In this work, a facile and efficient CO₂-involved multicomponent polymerization is successfully developed. The reaction of monomers of CO₂, isocyanides and 2-iodoanilines readily produces soluble and thermally stable <a>poly(</a><a>benzoyleneurea</a>)s with well-defined structures under mild conditions. Thanks to the formed amide groups in the heterocyclic units in the main-chains, the resultant polymers <a>could self-assemble into </a>spheres with sizes between 200 and 1000 nm. <a>The polymers containing tetraphenylethylene (TPE) unit show the unique aggregation-enhanced emission (AEE) features, which could be used to visualize the self-assembly process and morphologies under UV irradiation</a><a>, and serve as fluorescence probe to selectively and sensitively detect Au³⁺ ions. </a>Notably, the polymers<i> </i>containing<i> cis</i>- and <i>trans</i>-TPE units exhibit different behaviors in self-assembly and limit of detection for <a>Au³⁺ ions</a> due to the different intermolecular interactions. Thus, this work not only provides a new strategy for CO₂ utilization but also furnishes a series of functional heterocyclic polymers for diverse applications.

CO2-Involved and Isocyanide-based Three-component Polymerization toward Functional Heterocyclic Polymers with Self-assembly and Sensing Properties

CO₂ utilization has been a hot research topic in academic and industrial respects. Besides converting CO₂ into chemicals and fuels, incorporating it into the polymers to construct functional materials is another promising strategy. However, the CO₂-involved polymerization techniques should be further developed. In this work, a facile and efficient CO₂-involved multicomponent polymerization is successfully developed. The reaction of monomers of CO₂, isocyanides and 2-iodoanilines readily produces soluble and thermally stable <a>poly(</a><a>benzoyleneurea</a>)s with well-defined structures under mild conditions. Thanks to the formed amide groups in the heterocyclic units in the main-chains, the resultant polymers <a>could self-assemble into </a>spheres with sizes between 200 and 1000 nm. <a>The polymers containing tetraphenylethylene (TPE) unit show the unique aggregation-enhanced emission (AEE) features, which could be used to visualize the self-assembly process and morphologies under UV irradiation</a><a>, and serve as fluorescence probe to selectively and sensitively detect Au³⁺ ions. </a>Notably, the polymers<i> </i>containing<i> cis</i>- and <i>trans</i>-TPE units exhibit different behaviors in self-assembly and limit of detection for <a>Au³⁺ ions</a> due to the different intermolecular interactions. Thus, this work not only provides a new strategy for CO₂ utilization but also furnishes a series of functional heterocyclic polymers for diverse applications.

Synthesis and characterization of poly(pyrrole-co-2-nitrocinnamaldehyde) (PPNC), a new copolymer for solar cells applications

The use of conductive polymers as a substitute for metallic conductors and semiconductors has attracted much attention in the literature. In particular, aromatic heterocyclic polymers constitute an important class since they possess chemical and electrical stability in both the oxidized (doped) and neutral (undoped) state. A series of poly(pyrrole- co-2-nitrocinnamaldehyde) were obtained via the condensation of pyrrole and 2-nitrocinnamaldehyde in chloroform using acid exchanged montmorillonite clay called maghnite-H+ as an efficient catalyst. The conjugated copolymer was characterized using proton nuclear magnetic resonance, ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy.