Drivers learn city-scale dynamic equilibrium

Understanding driver behavior in on-demand mobility services is crucial for designing efficient and sustainable transport models. Drivers' delivery strategy is well understood, but their search strategy and learning process still lack an empirically validated model. Here we provide a game-theoretic model of driver search strategy and learning dynamics, interpret the collective outcome in a thermodynamic framework, and verify its various implications empirically. We capture driver search strategies in a multi-market oligopoly model, which has a unique Nash equilibrium and is globally asymptotically stable. The equilibrium can therefore be obtained via heuristic learning rules where drivers pursue the incentive gradient or simply imitate others. To help understand city-scale phenomena, we offer a macroscopic view with the laws of thermodynamics. With 870 million trips of over 50k drivers in New York City, we show that the equilibrium well explains the spatiotemporal patterns of driver search behavior, and estimate an empirical constitutive relation. We find that new drivers learn the equilibrium within a year, and those who stay longer learn better. The collective response to new competition is also as predicted. Among empirical studies of driver strategy in on-demand services, our work examines the longest period, the most trips, and is the largest for taxi industry.

THE FORMATION OF MEDICAL STUDENTS’ COMMUNICATIVE COMPETENCIES IN THE PROCESS OF HEURISTIC LEARNING OF A FOREIGN LANGUAGE

The article substantiated the feasibility of using heuristic technologies of studying at the foreign language lessons. The characteristics and peculiarities of heuristic development of material in a foreign language are investigated: the ability independently to define the purpose, tasks, methods of independent educational work, creatively rethink and transform the acquired knowledge and methods of cognitive activity, the ability to create their own educational products (original new knowledge and methods of activity) and to evaluate adequately the process and results of independent cognitive activity. It is noted that heuristic study of a foreign language has a positive effect on the formation of students’ communicative competencies, as it increases their motivation and cognitive activity, relieves tension at the lesson, promotes equal dialogue interaction between subjects of study, facilitates the perception of material, etc. To measure how successfully the formation of students’ communicative competencies was, diagnostic and evaluation complex had been developed through the identification of the quality of their main educational products (reports, dialogues, presentations, etc.) Their quantity and quality become an indicator of the forming of these competencies and creative self-realization in general. Such products are a more motivated goal for them than simply mastering knowledge and skills with their little (if any) further application. The product reflects both mastered knowledge, skills and characteristics of communicative activity. In heuristic learning, the product is the purpose of activity, and motives, knowledge and skills are means to achieve such a goal. It is fundamentally important that without the presence of personal significance of the material being studied, one cannot hope for its development (rethinking, transformation, etc.) at the level of personality. This is essence and complexity of the heuristic approach to learning, because modern society, market relations are not satisfied with the knowledge which is simply remembered. Therefore, there is a need to consider the formation of communicative competencies of medical students from the positions of personally oriented heuristic education. It is proved that heuristic organization of studying a foreign language and its leading component – cognitive and creative independent work – becomes a significant factor in the successful formation and improvement of students’ communication competencies, if they implement a didactically grounded complex of specially selected heuristic methods and prepared tasks necessary for performing independent creative activities oriented to successful professional activity and future doctors’ personal professional development.

The Effect of The Laps-Heuristic Learning Model un Students' Problem Solving Abilities

The purpose of this research is In 21st century learning students are required to be more active in learning than teachers, therefore this study aims to determine whether there is an influence between the LAPS-Heuristic learning model and the ability to solve problems. Methodology: Using quantitative descriptive. Where, the number of samples in this study were 436 students from SMP 11 Jambi City who used purposive sampling technique. Data were then analyzed with the help of SPSS 21 application to find descriptive statistics in the form of mean, min, max, and category as well as inferential statistics using simple regression. Finding: The results obtained in this study are dominant both in the ability of student problem solving and the effectiveness of the LAPS-Heuristic learning model in mathematics lessons. With this, it is strengthened by the existence of a relationship and influence between the LAPS-Heuristic learning model and the students' problem solving abilities seen from the sig value below 0.025, which is 0.019 and has a contribution of 70.3%.