Prospects for the use of hexagonal ferrite particles for targeted drug delivery and local heating of organic nanocontainers

Currently, it seems more promising to combine controlled drug delivery using liposomes or other agents in combination with ferrite nanoparticles for the treatment of oncological diseases. The release of drugs can be carried out by heating the particles with an alternating magnetic field. In this case, the local temperature can be set more precisely by selecting the chemical composition and structure of the ferrite in such a way as to obtain the necessary Curie temperature. Moreover, it is possible to concentrate nanoparticles in the desired area with extremely small dimensions using an oriented constant magnetic field. The article analyzes the existing methods of delivering antitumor antibiotics using magnetic nanoparticles, presents its own solutions in the field of magnetic transportation and tracking of nanocontainers, considers the problems of the depth of penetration of the magnetic field into the tissues of the body and minimizing their hyperthermia. The authors proposed to use magnetic particles of hexagonal strontium ferrite synthesized by cryochemical technology for controlled delivery and release by heating.

N-Alkylation of Anthracycline Antibiotics by Natural Sesquiterpene Lactones as a Way to Obtain Antitumor Agents with Reduced Side Effects

Anthracycline antitumor antibiotics are one of the promising classes of chemotherapeutic agents for cancer treatment. The main deterrent to their use is high toxicity to a healthy environment, including cumulative cardiotoxicity. In our work, bipharmacophore molecules containing in their structure a fragment of the known anthracycline antibiotics daunorubicin and doxorubicin and natural sesquiterpene lactones were obtained for the first time. When studying the biological activity of the synthesized compounds, it was found that with equal and, in some cases, higher cytotoxicity and glycolysis inhibition by anthracycline antibiotics conjugates with sesquiterpene lactones in comparison with doxo- and daunorubicin, a reduced damaging effect on the functioning of rat heart mitochondria was observed. The results obtained allow us to confirm the assumption that the chemical modification of the anthracycline antibiotics molecules doxo- and daunorubicin by natural sesquiterpene lactones can be a promising strategy for creating potential antitumor chemotherapeutic drugs with a pronounced cytotoxic effect on tumor cells and a reduced damaging effect on healthy cells of the human organism.

ROLE OF THE TTN, TTN-TRUNCATION, MMP-2 AND MMP-3 GENES POLYMORPHISMS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF ANTHRACYCLINEINDUCED CARDIOMYOPATHY

The given review is devoted to the problem of cardiotoxicity of chemotherapeutic agents. The antitumor antibiotics anthracyclines can cause cardiomyopathy, which may predict worse prognosis in cancer patients and be an independent cause of death. Identification of patients at high risk of cardiotoxicity is the first step towards successful prevention of heart failure in cancer patients. Genetic typing is an effective measure to predict an increased risk of cardiotoxic effects of anthracyclines. The review article analyzes the role of gene mutations in the development of chemotherapy-induced heart failure.

Adverse reactions during chemotherapy: skin toxicity

Chemotherapy of oncological diseases is associated with high toxicity. The occurrence of various toxic reactions during the use of antitumor drugs is explained by the fact that most antitumor medicines are not strictly specific, therefore, their effect can extend not only to tumor cells, but also to normal cells, especially to tissues with rapid proliferation. All antitumour agents have skin toxicity in one form or another. However, for some chemotherapeutic agents, skin toxicity is a kind of «reflection» of certain mechanisms of drugs action, and, in most cases, the severity of dermatological reactions correlates with the effectiveness of chemotherapy. Dermatological toxicity deserves special attention, as it affects the quality of life of cancer patients and, in some cases, may require a dose reduction or even cancellation of chemotherapy. This article presents current data on the mechanisms of development of skin toxicity of routine chemotherapeutic agents, growth factor inhibitors and some antitumor antibiotics, its correction and prevention opportunities.

Synthesis of Myrocin G, the Putative Active Form of the Myrocin Antitumor Antibiotics

We describe a total synthesis of "myrocin G" the putative active form of the anticancer antimicrobial fungal metabolites known as the myrocins.