Population differentiation in the Persian Gulf and Gulf of Oman: insights from the ghost shrimp's associated copepods, Clausidium iranensis and Clausidium persiaensis

Evolution and population genetic structure of marine species across the Persian Gulf and Gulf of Oman are shaped by two complex factors: the geological history and the present pattern of marine currents. Characterizing and comparing the genetic structures of co-existing species, such as host–parasite associations, allow the discrimination of the relative importance of environmental factors and life history traits that influenced gene flow and demographic events. In this study, we compare two associated Clausidium copepod species (C. persiaensis Sepahvand & Kihara 2017 and C. iranensis Sepahvand, Kihara & Boxshall 2019) along the south coast of Iran in two geological settings. We analysed partial nucleotide sequences of the mtCOI gene using divergence estimates (FST) and haplotype networks to infer intraspecific population connectivity in the two Gulfs. The results obtained demonstrate the existence of two genetically and geographically distinct clades, corresponding to the Persian Gulf and Gulf of Oman populations. Our results also indicate high diversity, population expansion and high connectivity among populations of C. persiaensis and C. iranensis in the Persian Gulf and Gulf of Oman.

FDI Equity Inflows in Economic Development in India

Outside Direct Investment nation's economic background. In nations just as India, Do assets's movements isn't meant by the nation of origin to the host nation yet in addition incorporates the conversational practices associated with the executives, joint endeavors, innovation move, and information, and so on. The present pattern in Foreign Direct Investment aids the upliftment of India with regards to mostly employment buildings and that lifts the amount of fare of the hosting nation. The countries like India are selected to invest because, low-cost labor, huge market size, enormous natural, corporal resources and having young graduates. The Indian government one of the hug initiatives make in India policy, skill India, digitalization, sustainable economic growth, etc. The government of India launched major sector-wise divided into infrastructure, automotive, pharmaceuticals, service, railways, chemicals, textiles, airlines, etc. Huge shareholders have contributed to the Foreign Direct Investment in India, but 80% of cumulative Foreign Direct Investment Is due to the top ten countries. The remaining inflows 20% of shared by the rest of the world from 2013 to 2019. However, among these top ten countries, only Mauritius contributed to the lion share of investment in India. This paper focuses to attempt the analysis of Foreign Direct Investment and economic development in India. The researcher has analyzed the different according to various partitions.

Urban Sustainability Index: Measuring Performance of 15 Metropolitan Cities of India

Around the world, sustainable development has become a top policy discussion as countries struggle to maintain or enhance economic growth without compromising the future. Nowhere is the issue more pressing than in India, where urban areas and their economies are expected to grow rapidly over the next few decades and where resource use and environmental quality are already raising grave concerns. Sustainable development, economic growth that improves the lives of the people without exhausting the environment or other resources, is especially critical in developing countries, where mass urbanization is taking place at a time when man’s impact on the environment has reached a critical juncture. The study investigates if the present pattern of urban development in India in the creation of mega cities is sustainable. The indicators represent a primary tool to provide guidance for policy makers and to potentially assist in decision-making and monitoring local strategies/plans. The outcome of the study will contribute to the design of policies, tools, and approaches essential for planning to attain the goal of sustainable development and the social cohesion of metropolitan regions.

PROBABILITY OF PARTICLE-SIZE FRACTIONS OCCURRENCE IN DIFFERENT LANDFORMS

Knowing the variation of particle-size fractions, considering the relief forms, contributes for understanding the variation of other soil attributes. This work aimed to study the spatial distribution of the probability of particle-size fractions occurrence (clay, silt, very fine sand, fine sand, coarse sand, and total sand) in a clayey Oxisol with predominance of concave and convex curvatures. A sampling grid with 94 sampling points in 33x33m spacing at a depth of 0–0.20 m was built using a GPS. The spatial analysis was performed through indicator kriging. The spherical model was fit for all soil fractions, with ranges varying from 130 m to 280 m. In the region of convex curvature, the clay fraction presented the highest probability of occurrence (0.75 to 1.00), whereas in the concave region the coarse sand and total sand fractions presented the highest probability of occurrence. The very fine sand fraction and the silt did not present pattern of distribution in relation to the dominant curvatures of the relief.

Data Mining Techniques to Predict Chronic Kidney Disease and its Stages

Chronic Kidney Disease incorporates the state where the kidneys fail to function and reduce the potential to keep a person suffering from the disease healthy. When the condition of the kidneys gets worse, the wastes in the blood are formed in high level. Data mining has been a present pattern for accomplishing analytic outcomes. Colossal measure of un-mined data is gathered by the human services industry so as to find concealed data for powerful analysis and basic leadership. Data mining is the way towards extricating concealed data from gigantic datasets. The goal of our paper is to anticipate CKD utilizing the classification strategy Naïve Bayes. The phases of CKD are anticipated in the light of Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR).

Inventory of teloganodid mayflies (Ephemeroptera: Teloganodidae) from southern India with records of endemic taxa

The present study deals with diagnostic characters, diversity, distribution and status of seven species belonging to four genera of Teloganodidae from southern India. Six of them are endemic to the Western Ghats as is the genus Indoganodes Selvakumar, Sivaramakrishnan & Jacobus, 2014 and one is endemic to the Eastern Ghats. Due to this high percentage of endemism, conservation of habitats and microhabitats harbouring this ancient gondwanan lineage gains priority. A larval key to the known genera and species of Teloganodidae of southern India is also provided. The present pattern of distribution of the family Teloganodidae is confined to southern Africa, Madagascar, southern India and Southeast Asia.

Sobre la ecología reproductiva de Nicotiana glauca Grah: una maleza de distribución cosmopolita

Reproductive events of Nicotiana glauca Grah. from the Pedregal de San Angel (SW of Cuenca del Valle de México, México) were studied. The species is esencially ornitophilous because it is visited by several hummingbird species (fam. Trochilidae) in the american continent, while in Africa and Asia is visited by sunbirds (fam . Nectariniidae) and honeyeaters (fam . Meliphagidae) respectively. N . glauca is highly beneficia! to the hummingbird populations in the Pedregal de San Angel because of its long flowering period and large amount of nectar produced; it is specially notorious where are not alternative sources of food. Introduced recently in Mexico, N. glauca has played an important role on the ecology, and particulary on the seasonal movements of hummingbirds. Both, trap-line and territoriality, are feeding stategies founded in the four hummingbird species identified in the Pedregal de San Angel; these feeding strategies have implications in the pollen flux between individuals of N. glauca. At this respect, the role played by the ilegitimate visitors is discussed. Experimental techniques carried out to know the breeding system showed that N. glauca is self-compatible and able to self-pollination, which is an important feature in its success as a colonizing species. Finally, three different dispersal mechanisms are described, and its importance in the present pattern of distribution of the species is discussed.

Evaluation of the Impact of Revised MBBS Curriculum: View of Intern Doctors

Background: Undergraduate medical education is part of a continuum of education and training.Objective: This study was carried out to explore the views of intern doctors regarding the current undergraduate medical curriculum.Methodology: A partially descriptive open ended questionnaire was distributed among intern doctors of both public and private medical colleges in Bangladesh and was returned by 663 intern doctors.Results: Most of the participants (94%) suggested for changes in overall existing MBBS curriculum. However, they were satisfied with present pattern of administration test, present course content, duration, evaluation system and internship training. Majority of intern doctors did not experienced any difficulty in different phases. The study also reveals that most participants were in favor of 'Carry on' system and against the concept of pre-medical education.Conclusion: Student's evaluation may prove useful if analyzed further to overcome the shortcomings of existing MBBS curriculum.J Shaheed Suhrawardy Med Coll, June 2014, Vol.6(1); 3-6

Pattern-based methods for vulnerability discovery

Discovering and eliminating critical vulnerabilities in program code is a key requirement for the secure operation of software systems. This task rests primarily on the shoulders of experienced code analysts who inspect programs in-depth to identify weaknesses. As software systems grow in complexity, while the amount of security critical code increases, supplying these analysts with effective methods to assist in their work becomes even more crucial. Unfortunately, exact methods for automated software analysis are rarely of help in practice, as they do not scale to the complexity of contemporary software projects, and are not designed to benefit from the analyst's domain knowledge. To address this problem, we present pattern-based vulnerability discovery, a novel approach of devising assistant methods for vulnerability discovery that are build with a high focus on practical requirements. The approach combines techniques of static analysis, machine learning, and graph mining to lend imprecise but highly effective methods that allow analysts to benefit from the machine's pattern recognition abilities without sacrificing the strengths of manual analysis.