Who Invented the Black Light?

If you ask a search engine, “Who invented the black light?,” odds are very good that the answer you will receive is “Dr. William H. Byler in 1935.” But, in fact, Dr. Byler never claimed to have invented the long-wave ultraviolet light, no such invention is recorded in any of his papers or patents, and what is certainly what we today call the “blacklight” was invented over fifteen years earlier. So who really did invent it, and how did Byler’s name and date get on it? We look into the history and development of the ultraviolet lamp and at the work of Dr. Byler.

Construction of Chicken Drinking Water Sterilization Device Using Ultraviolet Light Based on ATMega8535 Microcontroller

This research aimed to design of a chicken drinking water sterilization device using ultraviolet light-based microcontroller ATMega8535. After constructing the device, the test that is carried out were running the system according to the procedure, observing the performance of the system that begins with setting the sterilization timer at the minimum position, and recording the results. After the power supply was activated, the potentiometer of timer set to a minimum. The pump was on for 1 minute, then the UV lamp was also active and the process continues to repeat. Potentiometer was set to increase by 50% timer in 5 minutes position, and raised again to 100% at 10 minute position. The control process of this system is carried out by an ATMega8535 microcontroller that regulates the process of draining water from the container to the pipe, the length of time it takes to activate the ultraviolet lamp and the length of time it takes to activate the pump. This device was designed to demolish germs and bacteria in the water. The test resulted in a 100% reduction in bacteria in ultraviolet-illuminated water.

Electro-Optical Properties of a Transmissive Diffuser based on Electrically-Tuneable Polymer-Dispersed Liquid Crystal Film

A transmissive diffuser that is based on polymer-dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) film has been developed. Liquid crystal E7 and polymer NOA65, at a ratio of 55:45 by weight, were utilized to fabricate the diffuser. With the use of phase separation, diffuser of 7.5 µm PDLC film thickness can be formed after 20 minutes UV irradiation with an ultraviolet lamp (36E @ 365nm). Test results have shown that the proposed diffuser has good classic electro-optical and transmissive imaging features under an external tuneable electric field. The development has a great application potential in augmented reality or mixed reality-type applications.

Development of a special purpose LED ultraviolet lamp in a T8 flask

Fluorescent tubular ultraviolet lamps are used in medicine, industry, cosmetology, forensic science, and banking. During the development of the LED ultraviolet lamp in a T8 flask, a comparison of its lighting characteristics (power, energy flux, spectral distribution of radiation) with the parameters of special-purpose fluorescent lamps produced at industrial enterprises has been carried out. The design of the LED lamp includes a glass uviole tube with a diameter of 26 mm and a length of 322 mm (wall thickness is 1 mm, glass grade - SL97-3). For precise installation of the lamp in the irradiation facility and supplying electric power to it, plastic caps of the G13 pin type (the distance between the electrical contacts is 12.7 mm) are used. Measurements of electrical parameters, energy flux and spectral distribution of radiation have been carried out at nominal mains voltage on a Gooch &Housegophotocolorimetric measuring device. The developed LED lamp consumes seven times less electricity, has significantly longer (five times) expected service life and is a safer source of ultraviolet radiation, since it does not contain harmful vapors of mercury and its compounds. The LED ultraviolet lamp in a T8 flask can be used instead of the manufactured LUFT-10 lamps for special purposes, namely, in irradiators for carrying out technological processes (photochemical reactions, drying, curing), for attracting and disinsecting insects in traps, in photocopiers.

A Nanosensor for Naked-Eye Identification and Adsorption of Cadmium Ion Based on Core–Shell Magnetic Nanospheres

Fe3O4@SiO2 nanospheres with a core–shell structure were synthesized and functionalized with bis(2-pyridylmethyl)amine (BPMA). The photoresponses of the as-obtained Fe3O4@SiO2-BPMA for Cr3+, Cd2+, Hg2+ and Pb2+ ions were evaluated through irradiation with a 352 nm ultraviolet lamp, and Fe3O4@SiO2-BPMA exhibited remarkable fluorescence enhancement toward the Cd2+ ion. The adsorption experiments revealed that Fe3O4@SiO2-BPMA had rapid and effective adsorption toward the Cd2+ ion. The adsorption reaction was mostly complete within 30 min, the adsorption efficiency reached 99.3%, and the saturated adsorption amount was 342.5 mg/g based on Langmuir linear fitting. Moreover, Fe3O4@SiO2-BPMA displayed superparamagnetic properties with the saturated magnetization of 20.1 emu/g, and its strong magnetic sensitivity made separation simple and feasible. Our efforts in this work provide a potential magnetic functionalized nanosensor for naked-eye identification and adsorption toward the Cd2+ ion.

Electronic starting controller

Electronic starting controllers for feeding amalgam bactericidal lamps of various series are described. Electrical characteristics are adduced and single and group designs of electronic ballasts are described. Keywords ultraviolet lamp; feeding; electronic device; single unit; group device; controlled device; design; electrical specifications