Protective effect of orange essential oil in the formation of non-alcoholic fatty liver caused by high-fat diet

The purpose of this study was to investigate the protective effect of sniffing orange essential oil (OEO) on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) caused by high-fat diet. The results confirmed...

Investigation of Mechanical, Chemical, and Antibacterial Properties of Electrospun Cellulose-Based Scaffolds Containing Orange Essential Oil and Silver Nanoparticles

This study demonstrated a controllable release properties and synergistic antibacterial actions between orange essential oil (OEO) and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) incorporated onto cellulose (CL) nanofibers. The preparation of AgNPs attached on CL nanofibers was conducted through multiple processes including the deacetylation process to transform cellulose acetate (CA) nanofibers to CL nanofibers, the in situ synthesis of AgNPs, and the coating of as-prepared silver composite CL nanofibers using OEO solutions with two different concentrations. The success of immobilization of AgNPs onto the surface of CL nanofibers and the incorporation of OEO into the polymer matrix was confirmed by SEM-EDS, TEM, XRD, and FT-IR characterizations. The tensile strength, elongation at break, and Young’s modulus of the nanofibers after each step of treatment were recorded and compared to pristine CA nanofibers. The high antibacterial activities of AgNPs and OEO were assessed against Gram-positive B. subtilis and Gram-negative E. coli microorganisms. The combined effects of two antimicrobials, AgNPs and OEO, were distinctively recognized against E. coli.

The Influence of Orange Essential Oil on Mechanical, Chemical, and Antibacterial Properties of Cellulose Nanofibers Containing Silver Nanoparticles

This study demonstrates a controllable release properties and synergistic antibacterial actions between orange essential oil and silver nanoparticles incorporated onto cellulose nanofibers. The preparation of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) attached on cellulose nanofibers was conducted through multiple processes including the deacetylation process to transform cellulose acetate nanofibers to cellulose nanofibers, the in-situ synthesis of AgNPs, and the coating of as-prepared silver composite cellulose nanofibers using orange essential oil (OEO) solutions with two different concentrations. The success of immobilization of AgNPs onto the surface of cellulose nanofibers and the incorporation of OEO into the polymer matrix was confirmed by SEM-EDS, TEM, XRD, and FTIR characterizations. The tensile strength, elongation at break, and Young’s modulus of the nanofibers after each step of treatment were recorded and compared to pristine CA nanofibers. The high antibacterial activities of AgNPs and OEO were assessed against gram-positive B. subtilis and gram-negative E. coli microorganisms. The combination effects of two antimicrobials, AgNPs and OEO, were distinctively recognized against B. subtilis.

Effect of Aromatherapy on Dental Anxiety and Pain in Children Undergoing Local Anesthetic Administrations: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Introduction: In dentistry, local anesthetic (LA) administration in children is often associated with behavioral problems. Hence, the present study evaluated the efficacy of aromatherapy in reducing the dental anxiety and pain during LA procedure. Methods: This clinical trial was conducted upon 150 children in the age range of 8-12 years. Subjects were randomly divided into five groups; Group 1: Lavender essential oil using nebulizer; Group 2: Lavender essential oil using inhaler; Group 3: Orange essential oil using nebulizer; Group 4: Orange essential oil using inhaler; Group 5: Control (without aromatherapy). For all the children, baseline anxiety was recorded followed by aromatherapy (except for children in the control group). Following the standard protocol, LA was administered. The procedural pain was assessed using Faces, Legs, Activity, Cry and Consolability scale (FLACC) and Faces Pain Scale-Revised (FPS-R). Finally, anxiety was again recorded. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 17.0. Results: A significant difference in ANOVA test was observed among anxiety scores after LA in aromatherapy groups 1, 3, and 4 compared to control. When the FLACC scores were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis, there were significantly lower values in aromatherapy groups compared to the control group. The pain scores, as reported in FPS-R, were also lower in aroma groups 1, 3, and 4. Conclusion: Aromatherapy with lavender or sweet orange, using either nebulizer or inhaler, decreased the dental anxiety of children, whereas, only sweet orange could reduce the pain as self-reported by children.

Fabrication and Characterization the Properties of Decorative Tile from White Cement and Waste Glass Powder

This research mainly focused on the properties of decorative white cement tiles which made from waste glass and white cement. The ratio of waste glass powder and white cement were studied at 10 : 90, 15 : 85, 20 : 80, 30 : 70, 40 : 60, 50 : 50, 60 : 40 and 70 : 30 by using water content at 30 %wt. All components were mixed and cast into the mould. Decorative white cement tiles were curing at 14, 21 and 28 days. In order to characterize physical and mechanical properties, all tiles were measured density, water absorption and compressive strength. According to the results, it can be obviously seen that density increased and water absorption decreased with increasing waste glass powder content. The highest compressive strength of around 36.5 MPa was found at 20 %wt of waste glass powder. However, compressive strength decreased with increasing waste glass powder over 20 %wt (waste glass powder 20: white cement 80). It was found that the lowest compressive strength of around 30.58 MPa was found at 70 %wt of waste glass powder. Curing time also affected properties as it was found that increasing curing time to 28 days resulted in increasing of density and compressive strength. In order to study how long does essential oil last on decorative white cement tiles, the orange essential oil at 1, 5 and 10 %wt were added into the white cement paste by using waste glass powder : white cement at 20 : 80 with 30 %wt of water. Decorative white cement tiles were smelled by 30 people every morning for 30 days and it can be found that 10 %wt of orange essential oil last longest on the decorative white cement tiles with 22 days.

Interactions of Some Chemotherapeutic Agents as Epirubicin, Gemcitabine and Paclitaxel in Multicomponent Systems Based on Orange Essential Oil

In order to anticipate the effect induced by a natural product on the chemical activity of medicines simultaneously administered, spontaneous interactions of certain cancer treatment drugs such as, epirubicin (EPR), gemcitabine (GCT), and paclitaxel (PTX) with limonene (LIM)—a natural compound extracted from orange peel and known as an anticancer agent—were investigated. To estimate the stability of the drugs over time, a current density of 50 mA cm−2 was applied as an external stimulus between two platinum electrodes immersed in hydrochloric acid solution containing ethyl alcohol/water in the volume ratio of 2/3, in the absence and presence of orange essential oil (limonene concentration of 95%). The concentration variation of chemotherapeutic agents over time was evaluated by UV-Vis spectrophotometry. Kinetic studies have shown a delay in the decomposition reaction of epirubicin and gemcitabine and a paclitaxel activity stimulation. Thus, in the presence of limonene, the epirubicin half-life increased from 46.2 min to 63 min, and from 6.2 min to 8.6 min in gemcitabine case, while for paclitaxel a decrease of half-life from 35.9 min to 25.8 min was determined. Therefore, certain drug-limonene interactions took place, leading to the emergence of molecular micro-assemblies impacting decomposition reaction of chemotherapeutics. To predict drug–limonene interactions, the Autodock 4.2.6 system was employed. Thus, two hydrophobic interactions and five π-alkyl interactions were established between EPR-LIM, the GCT-LIM connection involves four π-alkyl interactions, and the PTX-LIM bridges take place through three hydrophobic interactions and the one π-alkyl. Finally, the decomposition reaction mechanism of drugs was proposed.